From 34ec60f1b140d788880d84b70cb62b344f7d74b9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Johannes Ranke <jranke@uni-bremen.de>
Date: Sun, 16 Apr 2023 13:42:23 +0200
Subject: Complete rebuild of static docs

---
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 docs/dev/articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html  |  76 ++---
 docs/dev/articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html   |   2 +-
 docs/dev/articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html  |   2 +-
 docs/dev/articles/twa.html                         | 114 +++++--
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 docs/dev/articles/web_only/benchmarks.html         |  31 +-
 docs/dev/articles/web_only/compiled_models.html    | 119 ++++---
 docs/dev/articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html  | 344 ++++++++++++++++-----
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 docs/dev/articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html    |  37 ++-
 docs/dev/authors.html                              |   5 +
 docs/dev/index.html                                |  12 +-
 docs/dev/news/index.html                           |  13 +-
 docs/dev/pkgdown.yml                               |   2 +-
 docs/dev/reference/AIC.mmkin.html                  |  35 ++-
 docs/dev/reference/CAKE_export.html                |  35 ++-
 docs/dev/reference/D24_2014.html                   |  35 ++-
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 docs/dev/reference/DFOP.solution.html              |  35 ++-
 docs/dev/reference/Extract.mmkin.html              |  35 ++-
 docs/dev/reference/FOCUS_2006_DFOP_ref_A_to_B.html |  35 ++-
 docs/dev/reference/FOCUS_2006_FOMC_ref_A_to_F.html |  35 ++-
 docs/dev/reference/FOCUS_2006_HS_ref_A_to_F.html   |  35 ++-
 docs/dev/reference/FOCUS_2006_SFO_ref_A_to_F.html  |  35 ++-
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 docs/dev/reference/aw.html                         |  35 ++-
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 docs/dev/reference/hierarchical_kinetics.html      |  30 +-
 docs/dev/reference/ilr.html                        |  35 ++-
 docs/dev/reference/index.html                      |   7 +-
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 docs/dev/reference/plot.mmkin.html                 |  35 ++-
 docs/dev/reference/plot.nafta.html                 |  35 ++-
 docs/dev/reference/read_spreadsheet.html           |  35 ++-
 docs/dev/reference/reexports.html                  |  35 ++-
 docs/dev/reference/residuals.mkinfit.html          |  35 ++-
 docs/dev/reference/saem.html                       |  20 +-
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 docs/dev/reference/summary.mmkin.html              |  37 ++-
 docs/dev/reference/summary.nlme.mmkin.html         |  60 ++--
 docs/dev/reference/summary.saem.mmkin.html         |  29 +-
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 docs/dev/sitemap.xml                               |   3 +
 vignettes/web_only/mkin_benchmarks.rda             | Bin 1805 -> 1858 bytes
 vignettes/web_only/saem_benchmarks.rda             | Bin 702 -> 769 bytes
 213 files changed, 3513 insertions(+), 1253 deletions(-)

diff --git a/docs/dev/articles/FOCUS_D.html b/docs/dev/articles/FOCUS_D.html
index a7617d55..4a9406de 100644
--- a/docs/dev/articles/FOCUS_D.html
+++ b/docs/dev/articles/FOCUS_D.html
@@ -34,14 +34,14 @@
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
 <li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -53,6 +53,9 @@
 <li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -60,22 +63,31 @@
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
     </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -83,6 +95,15 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul>
 </li>
 <li>
@@ -106,13 +127,16 @@
 
       
 
-      </header><script src="FOCUS_D_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
+      </header><div class="row">
   <div class="col-md-9 contents">
     <div class="page-header toc-ignore">
-      <h1 data-toc-skip>Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</h1>
-                        <h4 data-toc-skip class="author">Johannes Ranke</h4>
+      <h1 data-toc-skip>Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset
+D</h1>
+                        <h4 data-toc-skip class="author">Johannes
+Ranke</h4>
             
-            <h4 data-toc-skip class="date">Last change 31 January 2019 (rebuilt 2022-11-24)</h4>
+            <h4 data-toc-skip class="date">Last change 31 January 2019
+(rebuilt 2023-04-16)</h4>
       
       <small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/jranke/mkin/blob/HEAD/vignettes/FOCUS_D.rmd" class="external-link"><code>vignettes/FOCUS_D.rmd</code></a></small>
       <div class="hidden name"><code>FOCUS_D.rmd</code></div>
@@ -121,7 +145,12 @@
 
     
     
-<p>This is just a very simple vignette showing how to fit a degradation model for a parent compound with one transformation product using <code>mkin</code>. After loading the library we look at the data. We have observed concentrations in the column named <code>value</code> at the times specified in column <code>time</code> for the two observed variables named <code>parent</code> and <code>m1</code>.</p>
+<p>This is just a very simple vignette showing how to fit a degradation
+model for a parent compound with one transformation product using
+<code>mkin</code>. After loading the library we look at the data. We
+have observed concentrations in the column named <code>value</code> at
+the times specified in column <code>time</code> for the two observed
+variables named <code>parent</code> and <code>m1</code>.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va"><a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/">mkin</a></span>, quietly <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/print.html" class="external-link">print</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">FOCUS_2006_D</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
@@ -170,8 +199,14 @@
 <span><span class="co">## 42     m1  100  33.13</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## 43     m1  120  25.15</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## 44     m1  120  33.31</span></span></code></pre>
-<p>Next we specify the degradation model: The parent compound degrades with simple first-order kinetics (SFO) to one metabolite named m1, which also degrades with SFO kinetics.</p>
-<p>The call to mkinmod returns a degradation model. The differential equations represented in R code can be found in the character vector <code>$diffs</code> of the <code>mkinmod</code> object. If a C compiler (gcc) is installed and functional, the differential equation model will be compiled from auto-generated C code.</p>
+<p>Next we specify the degradation model: The parent compound degrades
+with simple first-order kinetics (SFO) to one metabolite named m1, which
+also degrades with SFO kinetics.</p>
+<p>The call to mkinmod returns a degradation model. The differential
+equations represented in R code can be found in the character vector
+<code>$diffs</code> of the <code>mkinmod</code> object. If a C compiler
+(gcc) is installed and functional, the differential equation model will
+be compiled from auto-generated C code.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb3"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">SFO_SFO</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinmod</a></span><span class="op">(</span>parent <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinsub</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="st">"m1"</span><span class="op">)</span>, m1 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinsub</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## Temporary DLL for differentials generated and loaded</span></span></code></pre>
@@ -181,26 +216,32 @@
 <span><span class="co">##                          "d_parent = - k_parent * parent" </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">##                                                        m1 </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## "d_m1 = + f_parent_to_m1 * k_parent * parent - k_m1 * m1"</span></span></code></pre>
-<p>We do the fitting without progress report (<code>quiet = TRUE</code>).</p>
+<p>We do the fitting without progress report
+(<code>quiet = TRUE</code>).</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb7"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">fit</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mkinfit.html">mkinfit</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">SFO_SFO</span>, <span class="va">FOCUS_2006_D</span>, quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
-<pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in mkinfit(SFO_SFO, FOCUS_2006_D, quiet = TRUE): Observations with value</span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## of zero were removed from the data</span></span></code></pre>
-<p>A plot of the fit including a residual plot for both observed variables is obtained using the <code>plot_sep</code> method for <code>mkinfit</code> objects, which shows separate graphs for all compounds and their residuals.</p>
+<pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in mkinfit(SFO_SFO, FOCUS_2006_D, quiet = TRUE): Observations with</span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## value of zero were removed from the data</span></span></code></pre>
+<p>A plot of the fit including a residual plot for both observed
+variables is obtained using the <code>plot_sep</code> method for
+<code>mkinfit</code> objects, which shows separate graphs for all
+compounds and their residuals.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb9"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="../reference/plot.mkinfit.html">plot_sep</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">fit</span>, lpos <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"topright"</span>, <span class="st">"bottomright"</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p><img src="FOCUS_D_files/figure-html/plot-1.png" width="768"></p>
-<p>Confidence intervals for the parameter estimates are obtained using the <code>mkinparplot</code> function.</p>
+<p>Confidence intervals for the parameter estimates are obtained using
+the <code>mkinparplot</code> function.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb10"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mkinparplot.html">mkinparplot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">fit</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p><img src="FOCUS_D_files/figure-html/plot_2-1.png" width="768"></p>
-<p>A comprehensive report of the results is obtained using the <code>summary</code> method for <code>mkinfit</code> objects.</p>
+<p>A comprehensive report of the results is obtained using the
+<code>summary</code> method for <code>mkinfit</code> objects.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb11"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/saemix/man/summary-methods.html" class="external-link">summary</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">fit</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
-<pre><code><span><span class="co">## mkin version used for fitting:    1.2.2 </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## R version used for fitting:       4.2.2 </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## Date of fit:     Thu Nov 24 08:12:04 2022 </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## Date of summary: Thu Nov 24 08:12:05 2022 </span></span>
+<pre><code><span><span class="co">## mkin version used for fitting:    1.2.3 </span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## R version used for fitting:       4.2.3 </span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## Date of fit:     Sun Apr 16 08:35:12 2023 </span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:12 2023 </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Equations:</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## d_parent/dt = - k_parent * parent</span></span>
@@ -208,7 +249,7 @@
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Model predictions using solution type analytical </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## Fitted using 401 model solutions performed in 0.152 s</span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## Fitted using 401 model solutions performed in 0.05 s</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Error model: Constant variance </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
@@ -341,7 +382,7 @@
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
   <p></p>
-<p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+<p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer>
diff --git a/docs/dev/articles/FOCUS_D_files/figure-html/plot-1.png b/docs/dev/articles/FOCUS_D_files/figure-html/plot-1.png
index f0b51c1f..c0832a1a 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/articles/FOCUS_D_files/figure-html/plot-1.png and b/docs/dev/articles/FOCUS_D_files/figure-html/plot-1.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/articles/FOCUS_D_files/figure-html/plot_2-1.png b/docs/dev/articles/FOCUS_D_files/figure-html/plot_2-1.png
index f6180470..02cfcfb4 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/articles/FOCUS_D_files/figure-html/plot_2-1.png and b/docs/dev/articles/FOCUS_D_files/figure-html/plot_2-1.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/articles/FOCUS_L.html b/docs/dev/articles/FOCUS_L.html
index 586a6a00..853194fb 100644
--- a/docs/dev/articles/FOCUS_L.html
+++ b/docs/dev/articles/FOCUS_L.html
@@ -34,14 +34,14 @@
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
 <li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -53,6 +53,9 @@
 <li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -60,22 +63,31 @@
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
     </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -83,6 +95,15 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul>
 </li>
 <li>
@@ -106,13 +127,16 @@
 
       
 
-      </header><script src="FOCUS_L_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
+      </header><div class="row">
   <div class="col-md-9 contents">
     <div class="page-header toc-ignore">
-      <h1 data-toc-skip>Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</h1>
-                        <h4 data-toc-skip class="author">Johannes Ranke</h4>
+      <h1 data-toc-skip>Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1
+to L3</h1>
+                        <h4 data-toc-skip class="author">Johannes
+Ranke</h4>
             
-            <h4 data-toc-skip class="date">Last change 18 May 2022 (rebuilt 2022-11-24)</h4>
+            <h4 data-toc-skip class="date">Last change 18 May 2022
+(rebuilt 2023-04-16)</h4>
       
       <small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/jranke/mkin/blob/HEAD/vignettes/FOCUS_L.rmd" class="external-link"><code>vignettes/FOCUS_L.rmd</code></a></small>
       <div class="hidden name"><code>FOCUS_L.rmd</code></div>
@@ -124,7 +148,8 @@
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="laboratory-data-l1">Laboratory Data L1<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#laboratory-data-l1"></a>
 </h2>
-<p>The following code defines example dataset L1 from the FOCUS kinetics report, p. 284:</p>
+<p>The following code defines example dataset L1 from the FOCUS kinetics
+report, p. 284:</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st"><a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/">"mkin"</a></span>, quietly <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="va">FOCUS_2006_L1</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span>
@@ -133,22 +158,29 @@
 <span>             <span class="fl">72.0</span>, <span class="fl">71.9</span>, <span class="fl">50.3</span>, <span class="fl">59.4</span>, <span class="fl">47.0</span>, <span class="fl">45.1</span>,</span>
 <span>             <span class="fl">27.7</span>, <span class="fl">27.3</span>, <span class="fl">10.0</span>, <span class="fl">10.4</span>, <span class="fl">2.9</span>, <span class="fl">4.0</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="va">FOCUS_2006_L1_mkin</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mkin_wide_to_long.html">mkin_wide_to_long</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">FOCUS_2006_L1</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
-<p>Here we use the assumptions of simple first order (SFO), the case of declining rate constant over time (FOMC) and the case of two different phases of the kinetics (DFOP). For a more detailed discussion of the models, please see the FOCUS kinetics report.</p>
-<p>Since mkin version 0.9-32 (July 2014), we can use shorthand notation like <code>"SFO"</code> for parent only degradation models. The following two lines fit the model and produce the summary report of the model fit. This covers the numerical analysis given in the FOCUS report.</p>
+<p>Here we use the assumptions of simple first order (SFO), the case of
+declining rate constant over time (FOMC) and the case of two different
+phases of the kinetics (DFOP). For a more detailed discussion of the
+models, please see the FOCUS kinetics report.</p>
+<p>Since mkin version 0.9-32 (July 2014), we can use shorthand notation
+like <code>"SFO"</code> for parent only degradation models. The
+following two lines fit the model and produce the summary report of the
+model fit. This covers the numerical analysis given in the FOCUS
+report.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">m.L1.SFO</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mkinfit.html">mkinfit</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="va">FOCUS_2006_L1_mkin</span>, quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/saemix/man/summary-methods.html" class="external-link">summary</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">m.L1.SFO</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
-<pre><code><span><span class="co">## mkin version used for fitting:    1.2.2 </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## R version used for fitting:       4.2.2 </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## Date of fit:     Thu Nov 24 08:12:09 2022 </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## Date of summary: Thu Nov 24 08:12:09 2022 </span></span>
+<pre><code><span><span class="co">## mkin version used for fitting:    1.2.3 </span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## R version used for fitting:       4.2.3 </span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## Date of fit:     Sun Apr 16 08:35:14 2023 </span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:14 2023 </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Equations:</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## d_parent/dt = - k_parent * parent</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Model predictions using solution type analytical </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## Fitted using 133 model solutions performed in 0.033 s</span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## Fitted using 133 model solutions performed in 0.011 s</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Error model: Constant variance </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
@@ -222,7 +254,8 @@
 <span><span class="co">##    21   parent     10.4    12.416  -2.0163</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">##    30   parent      2.9     5.251  -2.3513</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">##    30   parent      4.0     5.251  -1.2513</span></span></code></pre>
-<p>A plot of the fit is obtained with the plot function for mkinfit objects.</p>
+<p>A plot of the fit is obtained with the plot function for mkinfit
+objects.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb4"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/plot.html" class="external-link">plot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">m.L1.SFO</span>, show_errmin <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>, main <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"FOCUS L1 - SFO"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p><img src="FOCUS_L_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-4-1.png" width="576"></p>
@@ -242,19 +275,19 @@
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/saemix/man/summary-methods.html" class="external-link">summary</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">m.L1.FOMC</span>, data <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in sqrt(diag(covar)): NaNs produced</span></span></code></pre>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in sqrt(1/diag(V)): NaNs produced</span></span></code></pre>
-<pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in cov2cor(ans$covar): diag(.) had 0 or NA entries; non-finite result is</span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## doubtful</span></span></code></pre>
-<pre><code><span><span class="co">## mkin version used for fitting:    1.2.2 </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## R version used for fitting:       4.2.2 </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## Date of fit:     Thu Nov 24 08:12:09 2022 </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## Date of summary: Thu Nov 24 08:12:09 2022 </span></span>
+<pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in cov2cor(ans$covar): diag(.) had 0 or NA entries; non-finite result</span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## is doubtful</span></span></code></pre>
+<pre><code><span><span class="co">## mkin version used for fitting:    1.2.3 </span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## R version used for fitting:       4.2.3 </span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## Date of fit:     Sun Apr 16 08:35:14 2023 </span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:14 2023 </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Equations:</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## d_parent/dt = - (alpha/beta) * 1/((time/beta) + 1) * parent</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Model predictions using solution type analytical </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## Fitted using 369 model solutions performed in 0.091 s</span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## Fitted using 369 model solutions performed in 0.025 s</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Error model: Constant variance </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
@@ -317,14 +350,40 @@
 <span><span class="co">## Estimated disappearance times:</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">##        DT50  DT90 DT50back</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## parent 7.25 24.08     7.25</span></span></code></pre>
-<p>We get a warning that the default optimisation algorithm <code>Port</code> did not converge, which is an indication that the model is overparameterised, <em>i.e.</em> contains too many parameters that are ill-defined as a consequence.</p>
-<p>And in fact, due to the higher number of parameters, and the lower number of degrees of freedom of the fit, the <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> error level is actually higher for the FOMC model (3.6%) than for the SFO model (3.4%). Additionally, the parameters <code>log_alpha</code> and <code>log_beta</code> internally fitted in the model have excessive confidence intervals, that span more than 25 orders of magnitude (!) when backtransformed to the scale of <code>alpha</code> and <code>beta</code>. Also, the t-test for significant difference from zero does not indicate such a significant difference, with p-values greater than 0.1, and finally, the parameter correlation of <code>log_alpha</code> and <code>log_beta</code> is 1.000, clearly indicating that the model is overparameterised.</p>
-<p>The <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> error levels reported in Appendix 3 and Appendix 7 to the FOCUS kinetics report are rounded to integer percentages and partly deviate by one percentage point from the results calculated by mkin. The reason for this is not known. However, mkin gives the same <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> error levels as the kinfit package and the calculation routines of the kinfit package have been extensively compared to the results obtained by the KinGUI software, as documented in the kinfit package vignette. KinGUI was the first widely used standard package in this field. Also, the calculation of <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> error levels was compared with KinGUII, CAKE and DegKin manager in a project sponsored by the German Umweltbundesamt <span class="citation">(Ranke 2014)</span>.</p>
+<p>We get a warning that the default optimisation algorithm
+<code>Port</code> did not converge, which is an indication that the
+model is overparameterised, <em>i.e.</em> contains too many parameters
+that are ill-defined as a consequence.</p>
+<p>And in fact, due to the higher number of parameters, and the lower
+number of degrees of freedom of the fit, the <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> error level is actually higher for
+the FOMC model (3.6%) than for the SFO model (3.4%). Additionally, the
+parameters <code>log_alpha</code> and <code>log_beta</code> internally
+fitted in the model have excessive confidence intervals, that span more
+than 25 orders of magnitude (!) when backtransformed to the scale of
+<code>alpha</code> and <code>beta</code>. Also, the t-test for
+significant difference from zero does not indicate such a significant
+difference, with p-values greater than 0.1, and finally, the parameter
+correlation of <code>log_alpha</code> and <code>log_beta</code> is
+1.000, clearly indicating that the model is overparameterised.</p>
+<p>The <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> error levels reported
+in Appendix 3 and Appendix 7 to the FOCUS kinetics report are rounded to
+integer percentages and partly deviate by one percentage point from the
+results calculated by mkin. The reason for this is not known. However,
+mkin gives the same <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> error
+levels as the kinfit package and the calculation routines of the kinfit
+package have been extensively compared to the results obtained by the
+KinGUI software, as documented in the kinfit package vignette. KinGUI
+was the first widely used standard package in this field. Also, the
+calculation of <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> error levels
+was compared with KinGUII, CAKE and DegKin manager in a project
+sponsored by the German Umweltbundesamt <span class="citation">(Ranke
+2014)</span>.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="laboratory-data-l2">Laboratory Data L2<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#laboratory-data-l2"></a>
 </h2>
-<p>The following code defines example dataset L2 from the FOCUS kinetics report, p. 287:</p>
+<p>The following code defines example dataset L2 from the FOCUS kinetics
+report, p. 287:</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb14"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">FOCUS_2006_L2</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span>
 <span>  t <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/rep.html" class="external-link">rep</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">0</span>, <span class="fl">1</span>, <span class="fl">3</span>, <span class="fl">7</span>, <span class="fl">14</span>, <span class="fl">28</span><span class="op">)</span>, each <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">2</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
@@ -335,15 +394,28 @@
 <div class="section level3">
 <h3 id="sfo-fit-for-l2">SFO fit for L2<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#sfo-fit-for-l2"></a>
 </h3>
-<p>Again, the SFO model is fitted and the result is plotted. The residual plot can be obtained simply by adding the argument <code>show_residuals</code> to the plot command.</p>
+<p>Again, the SFO model is fitted and the result is plotted. The
+residual plot can be obtained simply by adding the argument
+<code>show_residuals</code> to the plot command.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb15"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">m.L2.SFO</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mkinfit.html">mkinfit</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="va">FOCUS_2006_L2_mkin</span>, quiet<span class="op">=</span><span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/plot.html" class="external-link">plot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">m.L2.SFO</span>, show_residuals <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>, show_errmin <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>,</span>
 <span>     main <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"FOCUS L2 - SFO"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p><img src="FOCUS_L_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-8-1.png" width="672"></p>
-<p>The <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> error level of 14% suggests that the model does not fit very well. This is also obvious from the plots of the fit, in which we have included the residual plot.</p>
-<p>In the FOCUS kinetics report, it is stated that there is no apparent systematic error observed from the residual plot up to the measured DT90 (approximately at day 5), and there is an underestimation beyond that point.</p>
-<p>We may add that it is difficult to judge the random nature of the residuals just from the three samplings at days 0, 1 and 3. Also, it is not clear <em>a priori</em> why a consistent underestimation after the approximate DT90 should be irrelevant. However, this can be rationalised by the fact that the FOCUS fate models generally only implement SFO kinetics.</p>
+<p>The <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> error level of 14%
+suggests that the model does not fit very well. This is also obvious
+from the plots of the fit, in which we have included the residual
+plot.</p>
+<p>In the FOCUS kinetics report, it is stated that there is no apparent
+systematic error observed from the residual plot up to the measured DT90
+(approximately at day 5), and there is an underestimation beyond that
+point.</p>
+<p>We may add that it is difficult to judge the random nature of the
+residuals just from the three samplings at days 0, 1 and 3. Also, it is
+not clear <em>a priori</em> why a consistent underestimation after the
+approximate DT90 should be irrelevant. However, this can be rationalised
+by the fact that the FOCUS fate models generally only implement SFO
+kinetics.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section level3">
 <h3 id="fomc-fit-for-l2">FOMC fit for L2<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#fomc-fit-for-l2"></a>
@@ -356,17 +428,17 @@
 <p><img src="FOCUS_L_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-9-1.png" width="672"></p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb17"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/saemix/man/summary-methods.html" class="external-link">summary</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">m.L2.FOMC</span>, data <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
-<pre><code><span><span class="co">## mkin version used for fitting:    1.2.2 </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## R version used for fitting:       4.2.2 </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## Date of fit:     Thu Nov 24 08:12:10 2022 </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## Date of summary: Thu Nov 24 08:12:10 2022 </span></span>
+<pre><code><span><span class="co">## mkin version used for fitting:    1.2.3 </span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## R version used for fitting:       4.2.3 </span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## Date of fit:     Sun Apr 16 08:35:14 2023 </span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:14 2023 </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Equations:</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## d_parent/dt = - (alpha/beta) * 1/((time/beta) + 1) * parent</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Model predictions using solution type analytical </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## Fitted using 239 model solutions performed in 0.048 s</span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## Fitted using 239 model solutions performed in 0.015 s</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Error model: Constant variance </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
@@ -424,7 +496,10 @@
 <span><span class="co">## Estimated disappearance times:</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">##          DT50  DT90 DT50back</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## parent 0.8092 5.356    1.612</span></span></code></pre>
-<p>The error level at which the <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> test passes is much lower in this case. Therefore, the FOMC model provides a better description of the data, as less experimental error has to be assumed in order to explain the data.</p>
+<p>The error level at which the <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> test passes is much lower in this
+case. Therefore, the FOMC model provides a better description of the
+data, as less experimental error has to be assumed in order to explain
+the data.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section level3">
 <h3 id="dfop-fit-for-l2">DFOP fit for L2<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#dfop-fit-for-l2"></a>
@@ -437,10 +512,10 @@
 <p><img src="FOCUS_L_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-10-1.png" width="672"></p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb20"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/saemix/man/summary-methods.html" class="external-link">summary</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">m.L2.DFOP</span>, data <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
-<pre><code><span><span class="co">## mkin version used for fitting:    1.2.2 </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## R version used for fitting:       4.2.2 </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## Date of fit:     Thu Nov 24 08:12:10 2022 </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## Date of summary: Thu Nov 24 08:12:10 2022 </span></span>
+<pre><code><span><span class="co">## mkin version used for fitting:    1.2.3 </span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## R version used for fitting:       4.2.3 </span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## Date of fit:     Sun Apr 16 08:35:15 2023 </span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:15 2023 </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Equations:</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## d_parent/dt = - ((k1 * g * exp(-k1 * time) + k2 * (1 - g) * exp(-k2 *</span></span>
@@ -449,7 +524,7 @@
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Model predictions using solution type analytical </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## Fitted using 581 model solutions performed in 0.13 s</span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## Fitted using 581 model solutions performed in 0.04 s</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Error model: Constant variance </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
@@ -512,13 +587,15 @@
 <span><span class="co">## Estimated disappearance times:</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">##          DT50  DT90 DT50back DT50_k1 DT50_k2</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## parent 0.5335 5.311    1.599 0.03084   2.058</span></span></code></pre>
-<p>Here, the DFOP model is clearly the best-fit model for dataset L2 based on the chi^2 error level criterion.</p>
+<p>Here, the DFOP model is clearly the best-fit model for dataset L2
+based on the chi^2 error level criterion.</p>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="laboratory-data-l3">Laboratory Data L3<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#laboratory-data-l3"></a>
 </h2>
-<p>The following code defines example dataset L3 from the FOCUS kinetics report, p. 290.</p>
+<p>The following code defines example dataset L3 from the FOCUS kinetics
+report, p. 290.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb22"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">FOCUS_2006_L3</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span>
 <span>  t <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">0</span>, <span class="fl">3</span>, <span class="fl">7</span>, <span class="fl">14</span>, <span class="fl">30</span>, <span class="fl">60</span>, <span class="fl">91</span>, <span class="fl">120</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
@@ -527,26 +604,35 @@
 <div class="section level3">
 <h3 id="fit-multiple-models">Fit multiple models<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#fit-multiple-models"></a>
 </h3>
-<p>As of mkin version 0.9-39 (June 2015), we can fit several models to one or more datasets in one call to the function <code>mmkin</code>. The datasets have to be passed in a list, in this case a named list holding only the L3 dataset prepared above.</p>
+<p>As of mkin version 0.9-39 (June 2015), we can fit several models to
+one or more datasets in one call to the function <code>mmkin</code>. The
+datasets have to be passed in a list, in this case a named list holding
+only the L3 dataset prepared above.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb23"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="co"># Only use one core here, not to offend the CRAN checks</span></span>
 <span><span class="va">mm.L3</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mmkin.html">mmkin</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="st">"FOMC"</span>, <span class="st">"DFOP"</span><span class="op">)</span>, cores <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">1</span>,</span>
 <span>               <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/list.html" class="external-link">list</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"FOCUS L3"</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="va">FOCUS_2006_L3_mkin</span><span class="op">)</span>, quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/plot.html" class="external-link">plot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">mm.L3</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p><img src="FOCUS_L_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-12-1.png" width="700"></p>
-<p>The <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> error level of 21% as well as the plot suggest that the SFO model does not fit very well. The FOMC model performs better, with an error level at which the <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> test passes of 7%. Fitting the four parameter DFOP model further reduces the <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> error level considerably.</p>
+<p>The <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> error level of 21% as
+well as the plot suggest that the SFO model does not fit very well. The
+FOMC model performs better, with an error level at which the <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> test passes of 7%. Fitting the
+four parameter DFOP model further reduces the <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> error level considerably.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section level3">
 <h3 id="accessing-mmkin-objects">Accessing mmkin objects<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#accessing-mmkin-objects"></a>
 </h3>
-<p>The objects returned by mmkin are arranged like a matrix, with models as a row index and datasets as a column index.</p>
-<p>We can extract the summary and plot for <em>e.g.</em> the DFOP fit, using square brackets for indexing which will result in the use of the summary and plot functions working on mkinfit objects.</p>
+<p>The objects returned by mmkin are arranged like a matrix, with models
+as a row index and datasets as a column index.</p>
+<p>We can extract the summary and plot for <em>e.g.</em> the DFOP fit,
+using square brackets for indexing which will result in the use of the
+summary and plot functions working on mkinfit objects.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb24"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/saemix/man/summary-methods.html" class="external-link">summary</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">mm.L3</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="st">"DFOP"</span>, <span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
-<pre><code><span><span class="co">## mkin version used for fitting:    1.2.2 </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## R version used for fitting:       4.2.2 </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## Date of fit:     Thu Nov 24 08:12:11 2022 </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## Date of summary: Thu Nov 24 08:12:11 2022 </span></span>
+<pre><code><span><span class="co">## mkin version used for fitting:    1.2.3 </span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## R version used for fitting:       4.2.3 </span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## Date of fit:     Sun Apr 16 08:35:15 2023 </span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:15 2023 </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Equations:</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## d_parent/dt = - ((k1 * g * exp(-k1 * time) + k2 * (1 - g) * exp(-k2 *</span></span>
@@ -555,7 +641,7 @@
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Model predictions using solution type analytical </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## Fitted using 376 model solutions performed in 0.078 s</span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## Fitted using 376 model solutions performed in 0.024 s</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Error model: Constant variance </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
@@ -632,20 +718,30 @@
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb26"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/plot.html" class="external-link">plot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">mm.L3</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="st">"DFOP"</span>, <span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span>, show_errmin <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p><img src="FOCUS_L_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-13-1.png" width="700"></p>
-<p>Here, a look to the model plot, the confidence intervals of the parameters and the correlation matrix suggest that the parameter estimates are reliable, and the DFOP model can be used as the best-fit model based on the <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> error level criterion for laboratory data L3.</p>
-<p>This is also an example where the standard t-test for the parameter <code>g_ilr</code> is misleading, as it tests for a significant difference from zero. In this case, zero appears to be the correct value for this parameter, and the confidence interval for the backtransformed parameter <code>g</code> is quite narrow.</p>
+<p>Here, a look to the model plot, the confidence intervals of the
+parameters and the correlation matrix suggest that the parameter
+estimates are reliable, and the DFOP model can be used as the best-fit
+model based on the <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> error
+level criterion for laboratory data L3.</p>
+<p>This is also an example where the standard t-test for the parameter
+<code>g_ilr</code> is misleading, as it tests for a significant
+difference from zero. In this case, zero appears to be the correct value
+for this parameter, and the confidence interval for the backtransformed
+parameter <code>g</code> is quite narrow.</p>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="laboratory-data-l4">Laboratory Data L4<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#laboratory-data-l4"></a>
 </h2>
-<p>The following code defines example dataset L4 from the FOCUS kinetics report, p. 293:</p>
+<p>The following code defines example dataset L4 from the FOCUS kinetics
+report, p. 293:</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb27"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">FOCUS_2006_L4</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span>
 <span>  t <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">0</span>, <span class="fl">3</span>, <span class="fl">7</span>, <span class="fl">14</span>, <span class="fl">30</span>, <span class="fl">60</span>, <span class="fl">91</span>, <span class="fl">120</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
 <span>  parent <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">96.6</span>, <span class="fl">96.3</span>, <span class="fl">94.3</span>, <span class="fl">88.8</span>, <span class="fl">74.9</span>, <span class="fl">59.9</span>, <span class="fl">53.5</span>, <span class="fl">49.0</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="va">FOCUS_2006_L4_mkin</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mkin_wide_to_long.html">mkin_wide_to_long</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">FOCUS_2006_L4</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
-<p>Fits of the SFO and FOMC models, plots and summaries are produced below:</p>
+<p>Fits of the SFO and FOMC models, plots and summaries are produced
+below:</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb28"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="co"># Only use one core here, not to offend the CRAN checks</span></span>
 <span><span class="va">mm.L4</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mmkin.html">mmkin</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="st">"FOMC"</span><span class="op">)</span>, cores <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">1</span>,</span>
@@ -653,20 +749,24 @@
 <span>               quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/plot.html" class="external-link">plot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">mm.L4</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p><img src="FOCUS_L_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-15-1.png" width="700"></p>
-<p>The <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> error level of 3.3% as well as the plot suggest that the SFO model fits very well. The error level at which the <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> test passes is slightly lower for the FOMC model. However, the difference appears negligible.</p>
+<p>The <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> error level of 3.3%
+as well as the plot suggest that the SFO model fits very well. The error
+level at which the <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> test
+passes is slightly lower for the FOMC model. However, the difference
+appears negligible.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb29"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/saemix/man/summary-methods.html" class="external-link">summary</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">mm.L4</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span>, data <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
-<pre><code><span><span class="co">## mkin version used for fitting:    1.2.2 </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## R version used for fitting:       4.2.2 </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## Date of fit:     Thu Nov 24 08:12:12 2022 </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## Date of summary: Thu Nov 24 08:12:12 2022 </span></span>
+<pre><code><span><span class="co">## mkin version used for fitting:    1.2.3 </span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## R version used for fitting:       4.2.3 </span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## Date of fit:     Sun Apr 16 08:35:15 2023 </span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:16 2023 </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Equations:</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## d_parent/dt = - k_parent * parent</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Model predictions using solution type analytical </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## Fitted using 142 model solutions performed in 0.029 s</span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## Fitted using 142 model solutions performed in 0.009 s</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Error model: Constant variance </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
@@ -721,17 +821,17 @@
 <span><span class="co">## parent  106  352</span></span></code></pre>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb31"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/saemix/man/summary-methods.html" class="external-link">summary</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">mm.L4</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="st">"FOMC"</span>, <span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span>, data <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
-<pre><code><span><span class="co">## mkin version used for fitting:    1.2.2 </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## R version used for fitting:       4.2.2 </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## Date of fit:     Thu Nov 24 08:12:12 2022 </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## Date of summary: Thu Nov 24 08:12:12 2022 </span></span>
+<pre><code><span><span class="co">## mkin version used for fitting:    1.2.3 </span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## R version used for fitting:       4.2.3 </span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## Date of fit:     Sun Apr 16 08:35:15 2023 </span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:16 2023 </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Equations:</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## d_parent/dt = - (alpha/beta) * 1/((time/beta) + 1) * parent</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Model predictions using solution type analytical </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## Fitted using 224 model solutions performed in 0.044 s</span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## Fitted using 224 model solutions performed in 0.014 s</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Error model: Constant variance </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
@@ -793,9 +893,11 @@
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 class="unnumbered" id="references">References<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#references"></a>
 </h2>
-<div id="refs" class="references hanging-indent">
-<div id="ref-ranke2014">
-<p>Ranke, Johannes. 2014. “Prüfung und Validierung von Modellierungssoftware als Alternative zu ModelMaker 4.0.” Umweltbundesamt Projektnummer 27452.</p>
+<div id="refs" class="references csl-bib-body hanging-indent">
+<div id="ref-ranke2014" class="csl-entry">
+Ranke, Johannes. 2014. <span>“<span class="nocase">Prüfung und
+Validierung von Modellierungssoftware als Alternative zu ModelMaker
+4.0</span>.”</span> Umweltbundesamt Projektnummer 27452.
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -818,7 +920,7 @@
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
   <p></p>
-<p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+<p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer>
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diff --git a/docs/dev/articles/index.html b/docs/dev/articles/index.html
index 2aacc53a..a82eb999 100644
--- a/docs/dev/articles/index.html
+++ b/docs/dev/articles/index.html
@@ -81,6 +81,11 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Code coverage report</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../coverage/coverage.html"></a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
diff --git a/docs/dev/articles/mkin.html b/docs/dev/articles/mkin.html
index df4df718..fa3ac11c 100644
--- a/docs/dev/articles/mkin.html
+++ b/docs/dev/articles/mkin.html
@@ -34,14 +34,14 @@
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
 <li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -53,6 +53,9 @@
 <li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -60,22 +63,31 @@
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
     </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -83,6 +95,15 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul>
 </li>
 <li>
@@ -106,13 +127,15 @@
 
       
 
-      </header><script src="mkin_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
+      </header><div class="row">
   <div class="col-md-9 contents">
     <div class="page-header toc-ignore">
       <h1 data-toc-skip>Introduction to mkin</h1>
-                        <h4 data-toc-skip class="author">Johannes Ranke</h4>
+                        <h4 data-toc-skip class="author">Johannes
+Ranke</h4>
             
-            <h4 data-toc-skip class="date">Last change 15 February 2021 (rebuilt 2022-11-24)</h4>
+            <h4 data-toc-skip class="date">Last change 15 February 2021
+(rebuilt 2023-04-16)</h4>
       
       <small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/jranke/mkin/blob/HEAD/vignettes/mkin.rmd" class="external-link"><code>vignettes/mkin.rmd</code></a></small>
       <div class="hidden name"><code>mkin.rmd</code></div>
@@ -121,11 +144,21 @@
 
     
     
-<p><a href="https://www.jrwb.de" class="external-link">Wissenschaftlicher Berater, Kronacher Str. 12, 79639 Grenzach-Wyhlen, Germany</a><br> Privatdozent at the University of Freiburg</p>
+<p><a href="https://www.jrwb.de" class="external-link">Wissenschaftlicher Berater, Kronacher
+Str. 12, 79639 Grenzach-Wyhlen, Germany</a><br> Privatdozent at the
+University of Freiburg</p>
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="abstract">Abstract<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#abstract"></a>
 </h2>
-<p>In the regulatory evaluation of chemical substances like plant protection products (pesticides), biocides and other chemicals, degradation data play an important role. For the evaluation of pesticide degradation experiments, detailed guidance has been developed, based on nonlinear optimisation. The <code>R</code> add-on package <code>mkin</code> implements fitting some of the models recommended in this guidance from within R and calculates some statistical measures for data series within one or more compartments, for parent and metabolites.</p>
+<p>In the regulatory evaluation of chemical substances like plant
+protection products (pesticides), biocides and other chemicals,
+degradation data play an important role. For the evaluation of pesticide
+degradation experiments, detailed guidance has been developed, based on
+nonlinear optimisation. The <code>R</code> add-on package
+<code>mkin</code> implements fitting some of the models recommended in
+this guidance from within R and calculates some statistical measures for
+data series within one or more compartments, for parent and
+metabolites.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st"><a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/">"mkin"</a></span>, quietly <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="co"># Define the kinetic model</span></span>
@@ -160,95 +193,248 @@
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="background">Background<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#background"></a>
 </h2>
-<p>The <code>mkin</code> package <span class="citation">(Ranke 2021)</span> implements the approach to degradation kinetics recommended in the kinetics report provided by the FOrum for Co-ordination of pesticide fate models and their USe <span class="citation">(FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics 2006, 2014)</span>. It covers data series describing the decline of one compound, data series with transformation products (commonly termed metabolites) and data series for more than one compartment. It is possible to include back reactions. Therefore, equilibrium reactions and equilibrium partitioning can be specified, although this often leads to an overparameterisation of the model.</p>
-<p>When the first <code>mkin</code> code was published in 2010, the most commonly used tools for fitting more complex kinetic degradation models to experimental data were KinGUI <span class="citation">(Schäfer et al. 2007)</span>, a MATLAB based tool with a graphical user interface that was specifically tailored to the task and included some output as proposed by the FOCUS Kinetics Workgroup, and ModelMaker, a general purpose compartment based tool providing infrastructure for fitting dynamic simulation models based on differential equations to data.</p>
-<p>The ‘mkin’ code was first uploaded to the BerliOS development platform. When this was taken down, the version control history was imported into the R-Forge site (see <em>e.g.</em> <a href="https://cgit.jrwb.de/mkin/commit/?id=30cbb4092f6d2d3beff5800603374a0d009ad770" class="external-link">the initial commit on 11 May 2010</a>), where the code is still being updated.</p>
-<p>At that time, the R package <code>FME</code> (Flexible Modelling Environment) <span class="citation">(Soetaert and Petzoldt 2010)</span> was already available, and provided a good basis for developing a package specifically tailored to the task. The remaining challenge was to make it as easy as possible for the users (including the author of this vignette) to specify the system of differential equations and to include the output requested by the FOCUS guidance, such as the <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> error level as defined in this guidance.</p>
-<p>Also, <code>mkin</code> introduced using analytical solutions for parent only kinetics for improved optimization speed. Later, Eigenvalue based solutions were introduced to <code>mkin</code> for the case of linear differential equations (<em>i.e.</em> where the FOMC or DFOP models were not used for the parent compound), greatly improving the optimization speed for these cases. This, has become somehow obsolete, as the use of compiled code described below gives even faster execution times.</p>
-<p>The possibility to specify back-reactions and a biphasic model (SFORB) for metabolites were present in <code>mkin</code> from the very beginning.</p>
+<p>The <code>mkin</code> package <span class="citation">(J. Ranke
+2021)</span> implements the approach to degradation kinetics recommended
+in the kinetics report provided by the FOrum for Co-ordination of
+pesticide fate models and their USe <span class="citation">(FOCUS Work
+Group on Degradation Kinetics 2006, 2014)</span>. It covers data series
+describing the decline of one compound, data series with transformation
+products (commonly termed metabolites) and data series for more than one
+compartment. It is possible to include back reactions. Therefore,
+equilibrium reactions and equilibrium partitioning can be specified,
+although this often leads to an overparameterisation of the model.</p>
+<p>When the first <code>mkin</code> code was published in 2010, the most
+commonly used tools for fitting more complex kinetic degradation models
+to experimental data were KinGUI <span class="citation">(Schäfer et al.
+2007)</span>, a MATLAB based tool with a graphical user interface that
+was specifically tailored to the task and included some output as
+proposed by the FOCUS Kinetics Workgroup, and ModelMaker, a general
+purpose compartment based tool providing infrastructure for fitting
+dynamic simulation models based on differential equations to data.</p>
+<p>The ‘mkin’ code was first uploaded to the BerliOS development
+platform. When this was taken down, the version control history was
+imported into the R-Forge site (see <em>e.g.</em> <a href="https://cgit.jrwb.de/mkin/commit/?id=30cbb4092f6d2d3beff5800603374a0d009ad770" class="external-link">the
+initial commit on 11 May 2010</a>), where the code is still being
+updated.</p>
+<p>At that time, the R package <code>FME</code> (Flexible Modelling
+Environment) <span class="citation">(Soetaert and Petzoldt 2010)</span>
+was already available, and provided a good basis for developing a
+package specifically tailored to the task. The remaining challenge was
+to make it as easy as possible for the users (including the author of
+this vignette) to specify the system of differential equations and to
+include the output requested by the FOCUS guidance, such as the <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> error level as defined in this
+guidance.</p>
+<p>Also, <code>mkin</code> introduced using analytical solutions for
+parent only kinetics for improved optimization speed. Later, Eigenvalue
+based solutions were introduced to <code>mkin</code> for the case of
+linear differential equations (<em>i.e.</em> where the FOMC or DFOP
+models were not used for the parent compound), greatly improving the
+optimization speed for these cases. This, has become somehow obsolete,
+as the use of compiled code described below gives even faster execution
+times.</p>
+<p>The possibility to specify back-reactions and a biphasic model
+(SFORB) for metabolites were present in <code>mkin</code> from the very
+beginning.</p>
 <div class="section level3">
 <h3 id="derived-software-tools">Derived software tools<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#derived-software-tools"></a>
 </h3>
-<p>Soon after the publication of <code>mkin</code>, two derived tools were published, namely KinGUII (developed at Bayer Crop Science) and CAKE (commissioned to Tessella by Syngenta), which added a graphical user interface (GUI), and added fitting by iteratively reweighted least squares (IRLS) and characterisation of likely parameter distributions by Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling.</p>
-<p>CAKE focuses on a smooth use experience, sacrificing some flexibility in the model definition, originally allowing only two primary metabolites in parallel. The current version 3.4 of CAKE released in May 2020 uses a scheme for up to six metabolites in a flexible arrangement and supports biphasic modelling of metabolites, but does not support back-reactions (non-instantaneous equilibria).</p>
-<p>KinGUI offers an even more flexible widget for specifying complex kinetic models. Back-reactions (non-instantaneous equilibria) were supported early on, but until 2014, only simple first-order models could be specified for transformation products. Starting with KinGUII version 2.1, biphasic modelling of metabolites was also available in KinGUII.</p>
-<p>A further graphical user interface (GUI) that has recently been brought to a decent degree of maturity is the browser based GUI named <code>gmkin</code>. Please see its <a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/gmkin/" class="external-link">documentation page</a> and <a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/gmkin/articles/gmkin_manual.html" class="external-link">manual</a> for further information.</p>
-<p>A comparison of scope, usability and numerical results obtained with these tools has been recently been published by <span class="citation">Ranke, Wöltjen, and Meinecke (2018)</span>.</p>
+<p>Soon after the publication of <code>mkin</code>, two derived tools
+were published, namely KinGUII (developed at Bayer Crop Science) and
+CAKE (commissioned to Tessella by Syngenta), which added a graphical
+user interface (GUI), and added fitting by iteratively reweighted least
+squares (IRLS) and characterisation of likely parameter distributions by
+Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling.</p>
+<p>CAKE focuses on a smooth use experience, sacrificing some flexibility
+in the model definition, originally allowing only two primary
+metabolites in parallel. The current version 3.4 of CAKE released in May
+2020 uses a scheme for up to six metabolites in a flexible arrangement
+and supports biphasic modelling of metabolites, but does not support
+back-reactions (non-instantaneous equilibria).</p>
+<p>KinGUI offers an even more flexible widget for specifying complex
+kinetic models. Back-reactions (non-instantaneous equilibria) were
+supported early on, but until 2014, only simple first-order models could
+be specified for transformation products. Starting with KinGUII version
+2.1, biphasic modelling of metabolites was also available in
+KinGUII.</p>
+<p>A further graphical user interface (GUI) that has recently been
+brought to a decent degree of maturity is the browser based GUI named
+<code>gmkin</code>. Please see its <a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/gmkin/" class="external-link">documentation page</a> and <a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/gmkin/articles/gmkin_manual.html" class="external-link">manual</a>
+for further information.</p>
+<p>A comparison of scope, usability and numerical results obtained with
+these tools has been recently been published by <span class="citation">Johannes Ranke, Wöltjen, and Meinecke
+(2018)</span>.</p>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="unique-features">Unique features<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#unique-features"></a>
 </h2>
-<p>Currently, the main unique features available in <code>mkin</code> are</p>
+<p>Currently, the main unique features available in <code>mkin</code>
+are</p>
 <ul>
-<li>the <a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">speed increase</a> by using compiled code when a compiler is present,</li>
-<li>parallel model fitting on multicore machines using the <a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/reference/mmkin.html"><code>mmkin</code> function</a>,</li>
-<li>the estimation of parameter confidence intervals based on transformed parameters (see below) and</li>
-<li>the possibility to use the <a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/reference/sigma_twocomp.html">two-component error model</a>
+<li>the <a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">speed
+increase</a> by using compiled code when a compiler is present,</li>
+<li>parallel model fitting on multicore machines using the <a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/reference/mmkin.html"><code>mmkin</code>
+function</a>,</li>
+<li>the estimation of parameter confidence intervals based on
+transformed parameters (see below) and</li>
+<li>the possibility to use the <a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/reference/sigma_twocomp.html">two-component
+error model</a>
 </li>
 </ul>
-<p>The iteratively reweighted least squares fitting of different variances for each variable as introduced by <span class="citation">Gao et al. (2011)</span> has been available in mkin since <a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/news/index.html#mkin-0-9-22-2013-10-26">version 0.9-22</a>. With <a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/news/index.html#mkin-0-9-49-5-2019-07-04">release 0.9.49.5</a>, the IRLS algorithm has been complemented by direct or step-wise maximisation of the likelihood function, which makes it possible not only to fit the variance by variable error model but also a <a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/reference/sigma_twocomp.html">two-component error model</a> inspired by error models developed in analytical chemistry <span class="citation">(Ranke and Meinecke 2019)</span>.</p>
+<p>The iteratively reweighted least squares fitting of different
+variances for each variable as introduced by <span class="citation">Gao
+et al. (2011)</span> has been available in mkin since <a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/news/index.html#mkin-0-9-22-2013-10-26">version
+0.9-22</a>. With <a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/news/index.html#mkin-0-9-49-5-2019-07-04">release
+0.9.49.5</a>, the IRLS algorithm has been complemented by direct or
+step-wise maximisation of the likelihood function, which makes it
+possible not only to fit the variance by variable error model but also a
+<a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/reference/sigma_twocomp.html">two-component
+error model</a> inspired by error models developed in analytical
+chemistry <span class="citation">(Johannes Ranke and Meinecke
+2019)</span>.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="internal-parameter-transformations">Internal parameter transformations<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#internal-parameter-transformations"></a>
 </h2>
-<p>For rate constants, the log transformation is used, as proposed by Bates and Watts <span class="citation">(1988, 77, 149)</span>. Approximate intervals are constructed for the transformed rate constants <span class="citation">(compare Bates and Watts 1988, 135)</span>, <em>i.e.</em> for their logarithms. Confidence intervals for the rate constants are then obtained using the appropriate backtransformation using the exponential function.</p>
-<p>In the first version of <code>mkin</code> allowing for specifying models using formation fractions, a home-made reparameterisation was used in order to ensure that the sum of formation fractions would not exceed unity.</p>
-<p>This method is still used in the current version of KinGUII (v2.1 from April 2014), with a modification that allows for fixing the pathway to sink to zero. CAKE uses penalties in the objective function in order to enforce this constraint.</p>
-<p>In 2012, an alternative reparameterisation of the formation fractions was proposed together with René Lehmann <span class="citation">(Ranke and Lehmann 2012)</span>, based on isometric logratio transformation (ILR). The aim was to improve the validity of the linear approximation of the objective function during the parameter estimation procedure as well as in the subsequent calculation of parameter confidence intervals. In the current version of mkin, a logit transformation is used for parameters that are bound between 0 and 1, such as the g parameter of the DFOP model.</p>
+<p>For rate constants, the log transformation is used, as proposed by
+Bates and Watts <span class="citation">(1988, 77, 149)</span>.
+Approximate intervals are constructed for the transformed rate constants
+<span class="citation">(compare Bates and Watts 1988, 135)</span>,
+<em>i.e.</em> for their logarithms. Confidence intervals for the rate
+constants are then obtained using the appropriate backtransformation
+using the exponential function.</p>
+<p>In the first version of <code>mkin</code> allowing for specifying
+models using formation fractions, a home-made reparameterisation was
+used in order to ensure that the sum of formation fractions would not
+exceed unity.</p>
+<p>This method is still used in the current version of KinGUII (v2.1
+from April 2014), with a modification that allows for fixing the pathway
+to sink to zero. CAKE uses penalties in the objective function in order
+to enforce this constraint.</p>
+<p>In 2012, an alternative reparameterisation of the formation fractions
+was proposed together with René Lehmann <span class="citation">(J. Ranke
+and Lehmann 2012)</span>, based on isometric logratio transformation
+(ILR). The aim was to improve the validity of the linear approximation
+of the objective function during the parameter estimation procedure as
+well as in the subsequent calculation of parameter confidence intervals.
+In the current version of mkin, a logit transformation is used for
+parameters that are bound between 0 and 1, such as the g parameter of
+the DFOP model.</p>
 <div class="section level3">
 <h3 id="confidence-intervals-based-on-transformed-parameters">Confidence intervals based on transformed parameters<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#confidence-intervals-based-on-transformed-parameters"></a>
 </h3>
-<p>In the first attempt at providing improved parameter confidence intervals introduced to <code>mkin</code> in 2013, confidence intervals obtained from FME on the transformed parameters were simply all backtransformed one by one to yield asymmetric confidence intervals for the backtransformed parameters.</p>
-<p>However, while there is a 1:1 relation between the rate constants in the model and the transformed parameters fitted in the model, the parameters obtained by the isometric logratio transformation are calculated from the set of formation fractions that quantify the paths to each of the compounds formed from a specific parent compound, and no such 1:1 relation exists.</p>
-<p>Therefore, parameter confidence intervals for formation fractions obtained with this method only appear valid for the case of a single transformation product, where currently the logit transformation is used for the formation fraction.</p>
-<p>The confidence intervals obtained by backtransformation for the cases where a 1:1 relation between transformed and original parameter exist are considered by the author of this vignette to be more accurate than those obtained using a re-estimation of the Hessian matrix after backtransformation, as implemented in the FME package.</p>
+<p>In the first attempt at providing improved parameter confidence
+intervals introduced to <code>mkin</code> in 2013, confidence intervals
+obtained from FME on the transformed parameters were simply all
+backtransformed one by one to yield asymmetric confidence intervals for
+the backtransformed parameters.</p>
+<p>However, while there is a 1:1 relation between the rate constants in
+the model and the transformed parameters fitted in the model, the
+parameters obtained by the isometric logratio transformation are
+calculated from the set of formation fractions that quantify the paths
+to each of the compounds formed from a specific parent compound, and no
+such 1:1 relation exists.</p>
+<p>Therefore, parameter confidence intervals for formation fractions
+obtained with this method only appear valid for the case of a single
+transformation product, where currently the logit transformation is used
+for the formation fraction.</p>
+<p>The confidence intervals obtained by backtransformation for the cases
+where a 1:1 relation between transformed and original parameter exist
+are considered by the author of this vignette to be more accurate than
+those obtained using a re-estimation of the Hessian matrix after
+backtransformation, as implemented in the FME package.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section level3">
 <h3 id="parameter-t-test-based-on-untransformed-parameters">Parameter t-test based on untransformed parameters<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#parameter-t-test-based-on-untransformed-parameters"></a>
 </h3>
-<p>The standard output of many nonlinear regression software packages includes the results from a test for significant difference from zero for all parameters. Such a test is also recommended to check the validity of rate constants in the FOCUS guidance <span class="citation">(FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics 2014, 96ff)</span>.</p>
-<p>It has been argued that the precondition for this test, <em>i.e.</em> normal distribution of the estimator for the parameters, is not fulfilled in the case of nonlinear regression <span class="citation">(Ranke and Lehmann 2015)</span>. However, this test is commonly used by industry, consultants and national authorities in order to decide on the reliability of parameter estimates, based on the FOCUS guidance mentioned above. Therefore, the results of this one-sided t-test are included in the summary output from <code>mkin</code>.</p>
-<p>As it is not reasonable to test for significant difference of the transformed parameters (<em>e.g.</em> <span class="math inline">\(log(k)\)</span>) from zero, the t-test is calculated based on the model definition before parameter transformation, <em>i.e.</em> in a similar way as in packages that do not apply such an internal parameter transformation. A note is included in the <code>mkin</code> output, pointing to the fact that the t-test is based on the unjustified assumption of normal distribution of the parameter estimators.</p>
+<p>The standard output of many nonlinear regression software packages
+includes the results from a test for significant difference from zero
+for all parameters. Such a test is also recommended to check the
+validity of rate constants in the FOCUS guidance <span class="citation">(FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics 2014,
+96ff)</span>.</p>
+<p>It has been argued that the precondition for this test, <em>i.e.</em>
+normal distribution of the estimator for the parameters, is not
+fulfilled in the case of nonlinear regression <span class="citation">(J.
+Ranke and Lehmann 2015)</span>. However, this test is commonly used by
+industry, consultants and national authorities in order to decide on the
+reliability of parameter estimates, based on the FOCUS guidance
+mentioned above. Therefore, the results of this one-sided t-test are
+included in the summary output from <code>mkin</code>.</p>
+<p>As it is not reasonable to test for significant difference of the
+transformed parameters (<em>e.g.</em> <span class="math inline">\(log(k)\)</span>) from zero, the t-test is
+calculated based on the model definition before parameter
+transformation, <em>i.e.</em> in a similar way as in packages that do
+not apply such an internal parameter transformation. A note is included
+in the <code>mkin</code> output, pointing to the fact that the t-test is
+based on the unjustified assumption of normal distribution of the
+parameter estimators.</p>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="references">References<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#references"></a>
 </h2>
 <!-- vim: set foldmethod=syntax: -->
-<div id="refs" class="references hanging-indent">
-<div id="ref-bates1988">
-<p>Bates, D., and D. Watts. 1988. <em>Nonlinear Regression and Its Applications</em>. Wiley-Interscience.</p>
+<div id="refs" class="references csl-bib-body hanging-indent">
+<div id="ref-bates1988" class="csl-entry">
+Bates, D., and D. Watts. 1988. <em>Nonlinear Regression and Its
+Applications</em>. Wiley-Interscience.
 </div>
-<div id="ref-FOCUS2006">
-<p>FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics. 2006. <em>Guidance Document on Estimating Persistence and Degradation Kinetics from Environmental Fate Studies on Pesticides in Eu Registration. Report of the Focus Work Group on Degradation Kinetics</em>. <a href="http://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/projects/degradation-kinetics" class="external-link">http://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/projects/degradation-kinetics</a>.</p>
+<div id="ref-FOCUS2006" class="csl-entry">
+FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics. 2006. <em>Guidance Document on
+Estimating Persistence and Degradation Kinetics from Environmental Fate
+Studies on Pesticides in EU Registration. Report of the FOCUS Work Group
+on Degradation Kinetics</em>. <a href="http://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/projects/degradation-kinetics" class="external-link">http://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/projects/degradation-kinetics</a>.
 </div>
-<div id="ref-FOCUSkinetics2014">
-<p>———. 2014. <em>Generic Guidance for Estimating Persistence and Degradation Kinetics from Environmental Fate Studies on Pesticides in Eu Registration</em>. 1.1 ed. <a href="http://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/projects/degradation-kinetics" class="external-link">http://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/projects/degradation-kinetics</a>.</p>
+<div id="ref-FOCUSkinetics2014" class="csl-entry">
+———. 2014. <em>Generic Guidance for Estimating Persistence and
+Degradation Kinetics from Environmental Fate Studies on Pesticides in EU
+Registration</em>. 1.1 ed. <a href="http://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/projects/degradation-kinetics" class="external-link">http://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/projects/degradation-kinetics</a>.
 </div>
-<div id="ref-gao11">
-<p>Gao, Z., J. W. Green, J. Vanderborght, and W. Schmitt. 2011. “Improving Uncertainty Analysis in Kinetic Evaluations Using Iteratively Reweighted Least Squares.” Journal. <em>Environmental Science and Technology</em> 45: 4429–37.</p>
+<div id="ref-gao11" class="csl-entry">
+Gao, Z., J. W. Green, J. Vanderborght, and W. Schmitt. 2011.
+<span>“Improving Uncertainty Analysis in Kinetic Evaluations Using
+Iteratively Reweighted Least Squares.”</span> Journal. <em>Environmental
+Science and Technology</em> 45: 4429–37.
 </div>
-<div id="ref-pkg:mkin">
-<p>Ranke, J. 2021. <em>‘mkin‘: Kinetic Evaluation of Chemical Degradation Data</em>. <a href="https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=mkin" class="external-link">https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=mkin</a>.</p>
+<div id="ref-pkg:mkin" class="csl-entry">
+Ranke, J. 2021. <em>‘<span class="nocase">mkin</span>‘:
+<span>K</span>inetic Evaluation of Chemical Degradation Data</em>. <a href="https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=mkin" class="external-link">https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=mkin</a>.
 </div>
-<div id="ref-ranke2012">
-<p>Ranke, J., and R. Lehmann. 2012. “Parameter Reliability in Kinetic Evaluation of Environmental Metabolism Data - Assessment and the Influence of Model Specification.” In <em>SETAC World 20-24 May</em>. Berlin. <a href="https://jrwb.de/posters/Poster_SETAC_2012_Kinetic_parameter_uncertainty_model_parameterization_Lehmann_Ranke.pdf" class="external-link">https://jrwb.de/posters/Poster_SETAC_2012_Kinetic_parameter_uncertainty_model_parameterization_Lehmann_Ranke.pdf</a>.</p>
+<div id="ref-ranke2012" class="csl-entry">
+Ranke, J., and R. Lehmann. 2012. <span>“Parameter Reliability in Kinetic
+Evaluation of Environmental Metabolism Data - Assessment and the
+Influence of Model Specification.”</span> In <em>SETAC World 20-24
+May</em>. Berlin. <a href="https://jrwb.de/posters/Poster_SETAC_2012_Kinetic_parameter_uncertainty_model_parameterization_Lehmann_Ranke.pdf" class="external-link">https://jrwb.de/posters/Poster_SETAC_2012_Kinetic_parameter_uncertainty_model_parameterization_Lehmann_Ranke.pdf</a>.
 </div>
-<div id="ref-ranke2015">
-<p>———. 2015. “To T-Test or Not to T-Test, That Is the Question.” In <em>XV Symposium on Pesticide Chemistry 2-4 September 2015</em>. Piacenza. <a href="https://jrwb.de/posters/piacenza_2015.pdf" class="external-link">https://jrwb.de/posters/piacenza_2015.pdf</a>.</p>
+<div id="ref-ranke2015" class="csl-entry">
+———. 2015. <span>“To t-Test or Not to t-Test, That Is the
+Question.”</span> In <em>XV Symposium on Pesticide Chemistry 2-4
+September 2015</em>. Piacenza. <a href="https://jrwb.de/posters/piacenza_2015.pdf" class="external-link">https://jrwb.de/posters/piacenza_2015.pdf</a>.
 </div>
-<div id="ref-ranke2019">
-<p>Ranke, Johannes, and Stefan Meinecke. 2019. “Error Models for the Kinetic Evaluation of Chemical Degradation Data.” <em>Environments</em> 6 (12). <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/environments6120124" class="external-link">https://doi.org/10.3390/environments6120124</a>.</p>
+<div id="ref-ranke2019" class="csl-entry">
+Ranke, Johannes, and Stefan Meinecke. 2019. <span>“Error Models for the
+Kinetic Evaluation of Chemical Degradation Data.”</span>
+<em>Environments</em> 6 (12). <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/environments6120124" class="external-link">https://doi.org/10.3390/environments6120124</a>.
 </div>
-<div id="ref-ranke2018">
-<p>Ranke, Johannes, Janina Wöltjen, and Stefan Meinecke. 2018. “Comparison of Software Tools for Kinetic Evaluation of Chemical Degradation Data.” <em>Environmental Sciences Europe</em> 30 (1): 17. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-018-0145-1" class="external-link">https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-018-0145-1</a>.</p>
+<div id="ref-ranke2018" class="csl-entry">
+Ranke, Johannes, Janina Wöltjen, and Stefan Meinecke. 2018.
+<span>“Comparison of Software Tools for Kinetic Evaluation of Chemical
+Degradation Data.”</span> <em>Environmental Sciences Europe</em> 30 (1):
+17. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-018-0145-1" class="external-link">https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-018-0145-1</a>.
 </div>
-<div id="ref-schaefer2007">
-<p>Schäfer, D., B. Mikolasch, P. Rainbird, and B. Harvey. 2007. “KinGUI: A New Kinetic Software Tool for Evaluations According to FOCUS Degradation Kinetics.” In <em>Proceedings of the Xiii Symposium Pesticide Chemistry</em>, edited by Del Re A. A. M., Capri E., Fragoulis G., and Trevisan M., 916–23. Piacenza.</p>
+<div id="ref-schaefer2007" class="csl-entry">
+Schäfer, D., B. Mikolasch, P. Rainbird, and B. Harvey. 2007.
+<span>“<span>KinGUI</span>: A New Kinetic Software Tool for Evaluations
+According to <span>FOCUS</span> Degradation Kinetics.”</span> In
+<em>Proceedings of the XIII Symposium Pesticide Chemistry</em>, edited
+by Del Re A. A. M., Capri E., Fragoulis G., and Trevisan M., 916–23.
+Piacenza.
 </div>
-<div id="ref-soetaert2010">
-<p>Soetaert, Karline, and Thomas Petzoldt. 2010. “Inverse Modelling, Sensitivity and Monte Carlo Analysis in R Using Package FME.” <em>Journal of Statistical Software</em> 33 (3): 1–28. <a href="https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v033.i03" class="external-link">https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v033.i03</a>.</p>
+<div id="ref-soetaert2010" class="csl-entry">
+Soetaert, Karline, and Thomas Petzoldt. 2010. <span>“Inverse Modelling,
+Sensitivity and Monte Carlo Analysis in <span>R</span> Using Package
+<span>FME</span>.”</span> <em>Journal of Statistical Software</em> 33
+(3): 1–28. <a href="https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v033.i03" class="external-link">https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v033.i03</a>.
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -271,7 +457,7 @@
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
   <p></p>
-<p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+<p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer>
diff --git a/docs/dev/articles/mkin_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-2-1.png b/docs/dev/articles/mkin_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-2-1.png
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diff --git a/docs/dev/articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html b/docs/dev/articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html
index 1095dd28..875f5ac9 100644
--- a/docs/dev/articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html
+++ b/docs/dev/articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ residue data on cyantraniliprole</h1>
 Ranke</h4>
             
             <h4 data-toc-skip class="date">Last change on 6 January
-2023, last compiled on 17 Februar 2023</h4>
+2023, last compiled on 16 April 2023</h4>
       
       <small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/jranke/mkin/blob/HEAD/vignettes/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.rmd" class="external-link"><code>vignettes/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.rmd</code></a></small>
       <div class="hidden name"><code>2022_cyan_pathway.rmd</code></div>
@@ -2206,7 +2206,7 @@ saemix version used for fitting:      3.2
 mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.2 
 R version used for fitting:         4.2.2 
 Date of fit:     Sat Jan 28 10:07:38 2023 
-Date of summary: Fri Feb 17 22:24:33 2023 
+Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:20 2023 
 
 Equations:
 d_cyan/dt = - k_cyan * cyan
@@ -2334,7 +2334,7 @@ saemix version used for fitting:      3.2
 mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.2 
 R version used for fitting:         4.2.2 
 Date of fit:     Sat Jan 28 10:08:17 2023 
-Date of summary: Fri Feb 17 22:24:33 2023 
+Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:20 2023 
 
 Equations:
 d_cyan/dt = - k_cyan * cyan
@@ -2464,7 +2464,7 @@ saemix version used for fitting:      3.2
 mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.2 
 R version used for fitting:         4.2.2 
 Date of fit:     Sat Jan 28 10:09:12 2023 
-Date of summary: Fri Feb 17 22:24:33 2023 
+Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:20 2023 
 
 Equations:
 d_cyan/dt = - (alpha/beta) * 1/((time/beta) + 1) * cyan
@@ -2609,7 +2609,7 @@ saemix version used for fitting:      3.2
 mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.2 
 R version used for fitting:         4.2.2 
 Date of fit:     Sat Jan 28 10:09:18 2023 
-Date of summary: Fri Feb 17 22:24:33 2023 
+Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:20 2023 
 
 Equations:
 d_cyan/dt = - (alpha/beta) * 1/((time/beta) + 1) * cyan
@@ -2747,7 +2747,7 @@ saemix version used for fitting:      3.2
 mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.2 
 R version used for fitting:         4.2.2 
 Date of fit:     Sat Jan 28 10:10:30 2023 
-Date of summary: Fri Feb 17 22:24:33 2023 
+Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:20 2023 
 
 Equations:
 d_cyan/dt = - ((k1 * g * exp(-k1 * time) + k2 * (1 - g) * exp(-k2 *
@@ -2893,7 +2893,7 @@ saemix version used for fitting:      3.2
 mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.2 
 R version used for fitting:         4.2.2 
 Date of fit:     Sat Jan 28 10:16:28 2023 
-Date of summary: Fri Feb 17 22:24:33 2023 
+Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:20 2023 
 
 Equations:
 d_cyan/dt = - ((k1 * g * exp(-k1 * time) + k2 * (1 - g) * exp(-k2 *
@@ -3039,7 +3039,7 @@ saemix version used for fitting:      3.2
 mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.2 
 R version used for fitting:         4.2.2 
 Date of fit:     Sat Jan 28 10:10:49 2023 
-Date of summary: Fri Feb 17 22:24:33 2023 
+Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:20 2023 
 
 Equations:
 d_cyan_free/dt = - k_cyan_free * cyan_free - k_cyan_free_bound *
@@ -3204,7 +3204,7 @@ saemix version used for fitting:      3.2
 mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.2 
 R version used for fitting:         4.2.2 
 Date of fit:     Sat Jan 28 10:17:00 2023 
-Date of summary: Fri Feb 17 22:24:33 2023 
+Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:20 2023 
 
 Equations:
 d_cyan_free/dt = - k_cyan_free * cyan_free - k_cyan_free_bound *
@@ -3369,7 +3369,7 @@ saemix version used for fitting:      3.2
 mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.2 
 R version used for fitting:         4.2.2 
 Date of fit:     Sat Jan 28 10:11:04 2023 
-Date of summary: Fri Feb 17 22:24:33 2023 
+Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:20 2023 
 
 Equations:
 d_cyan/dt = - ifelse(time &lt;= tb, k1, k2) * cyan
@@ -3511,7 +3511,7 @@ saemix version used for fitting:      3.2
 mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.2 
 R version used for fitting:         4.2.2 
 Date of fit:     Sat Jan 28 10:11:24 2023 
-Date of summary: Fri Feb 17 22:24:33 2023 
+Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:20 2023 
 
 Equations:
 d_cyan/dt = - ifelse(time &lt;= tb, k1, k2) * cyan
@@ -3659,7 +3659,7 @@ saemix version used for fitting:      3.2
 mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.2 
 R version used for fitting:         4.2.2 
 Date of fit:     Sat Jan 28 10:34:28 2023 
-Date of summary: Fri Feb 17 22:24:33 2023 
+Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:20 2023 
 
 Equations:
 d_cyan/dt = - (alpha/beta) * 1/((time/beta) + 1) * cyan
@@ -3823,7 +3823,7 @@ saemix version used for fitting:      3.2
 mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.2 
 R version used for fitting:         4.2.2 
 Date of fit:     Sat Jan 28 10:37:36 2023 
-Date of summary: Fri Feb 17 22:24:33 2023 
+Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:20 2023 
 
 Equations:
 d_cyan/dt = - (alpha/beta) * 1/((time/beta) + 1) * cyan
@@ -3969,7 +3969,7 @@ saemix version used for fitting:      3.2
 mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.2 
 R version used for fitting:         4.2.2 
 Date of fit:     Sat Jan 28 10:38:34 2023 
-Date of summary: Fri Feb 17 22:24:33 2023 
+Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:20 2023 
 
 Equations:
 d_cyan/dt = - ((k1 * g * exp(-k1 * time) + k2 * (1 - g) * exp(-k2 *
@@ -4160,7 +4160,7 @@ saemix version used for fitting:      3.2
 mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.2 
 R version used for fitting:         4.2.2 
 Date of fit:     Sat Jan 28 10:45:32 2023 
-Date of summary: Fri Feb 17 22:24:33 2023 
+Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:20 2023 
 
 Equations:
 d_cyan/dt = - ((k1 * g * exp(-k1 * time) + k2 * (1 - g) * exp(-k2 *
@@ -4351,7 +4351,7 @@ saemix version used for fitting:      3.2
 mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.2 
 R version used for fitting:         4.2.2 
 Date of fit:     Sat Jan 28 10:38:37 2023 
-Date of summary: Fri Feb 17 22:24:33 2023 
+Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:20 2023 
 
 Equations:
 d_cyan_free/dt = - k_cyan_free * cyan_free - k_cyan_free_bound *
@@ -4547,7 +4547,7 @@ saemix version used for fitting:      3.2
 mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.2 
 R version used for fitting:         4.2.2 
 Date of fit:     Sat Jan 28 10:46:02 2023 
-Date of summary: Fri Feb 17 22:24:33 2023 
+Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:20 2023 
 
 Equations:
 d_cyan_free/dt = - k_cyan_free * cyan_free - k_cyan_free_bound *
@@ -4748,7 +4748,7 @@ saemix version used for fitting:      3.2
 mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.2 
 R version used for fitting:         4.2.2 
 Date of fit:     Sat Jan 28 11:18:41 2023 
-Date of summary: Fri Feb 17 22:24:33 2023 
+Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:21 2023 
 
 Equations:
 d_cyan/dt = - (alpha/beta) * 1/((time/beta) + 1) * cyan
@@ -4891,7 +4891,7 @@ saemix version used for fitting:      3.2
 mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.2 
 R version used for fitting:         4.2.2 
 Date of fit:     Sat Jan 28 11:16:32 2023 
-Date of summary: Fri Feb 17 22:24:33 2023 
+Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:21 2023 
 
 Equations:
 d_cyan/dt = - ((k1 * g * exp(-k1 * time) + k2 * (1 - g) * exp(-k2 *
@@ -5057,7 +5057,7 @@ saemix version used for fitting:      3.2
 mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.2 
 R version used for fitting:         4.2.2 
 Date of fit:     Sat Jan 28 11:22:28 2023 
-Date of summary: Fri Feb 17 22:24:33 2023 
+Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:21 2023 
 
 Equations:
 d_cyan/dt = - ((k1 * g * exp(-k1 * time) + k2 * (1 - g) * exp(-k2 *
@@ -5223,7 +5223,7 @@ saemix version used for fitting:      3.2
 mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.2 
 R version used for fitting:         4.2.2 
 Date of fit:     Sat Jan 28 11:17:37 2023 
-Date of summary: Fri Feb 17 22:24:33 2023 
+Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:21 2023 
 
 Equations:
 d_cyan_free/dt = - k_cyan_free * cyan_free - k_cyan_free_bound *
@@ -5394,7 +5394,7 @@ saemix version used for fitting:      3.2
 mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.2 
 R version used for fitting:         4.2.2 
 Date of fit:     Sat Jan 28 11:21:01 2023 
-Date of summary: Fri Feb 17 22:24:33 2023 
+Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:21 2023 
 
 Equations:
 d_cyan_free/dt = - k_cyan_free * cyan_free - k_cyan_free_bound *
@@ -5561,9 +5561,9 @@ JSE76  26.89  89.33       NA           NA           NA
 <div class="section level3">
 <h3 id="session-info">Session info<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#session-info"></a>
 </h3>
-<pre><code>R version 4.2.2 Patched (2022-11-10 r83330)
+<pre><code>R version 4.2.3 (2023-03-15)
 Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit)
-Running under: Debian GNU/Linux bookworm/sid
+Running under: Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm)
 
 Matrix products: default
 BLAS:   /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openblas-serial/libblas.so.3
@@ -5582,23 +5582,23 @@ attached base packages:
 [8] base     
 
 other attached packages:
-[1] saemix_3.2 npde_3.3   knitr_1.41 mkin_1.2.3
+[1] saemix_3.2 npde_3.3   knitr_1.42 mkin_1.2.3
 
 loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
- [1] pillar_1.8.1      bslib_0.4.2       compiler_4.2.2    jquerylib_0.1.4  
- [5] tools_4.2.2       mclust_6.0.0      digest_0.6.31     tibble_3.1.8     
- [9] jsonlite_1.8.4    evaluate_0.19     memoise_2.0.1     lifecycle_1.0.3  
-[13] nlme_3.1-162      gtable_0.3.1      lattice_0.20-45   pkgconfig_2.0.3  
-[17] rlang_1.0.6       DBI_1.1.3         cli_3.5.0         yaml_2.3.6       
-[21] pkgdown_2.0.7     xfun_0.35         fastmap_1.1.0     gridExtra_2.3    
-[25] dplyr_1.0.10      stringr_1.5.0     generics_0.1.3    desc_1.4.2       
-[29] fs_1.5.2          vctrs_0.5.1       sass_0.4.4        systemfonts_1.0.4
-[33] tidyselect_1.2.0  rprojroot_2.0.3   lmtest_0.9-40     grid_4.2.2       
+ [1] pillar_1.9.0      bslib_0.4.2       compiler_4.2.3    jquerylib_0.1.4  
+ [5] tools_4.2.3       mclust_6.0.0      digest_0.6.31     tibble_3.2.1     
+ [9] jsonlite_1.8.4    evaluate_0.20     memoise_2.0.1     lifecycle_1.0.3  
+[13] nlme_3.1-162      gtable_0.3.3      lattice_0.21-8    pkgconfig_2.0.3  
+[17] rlang_1.1.0       DBI_1.1.3         cli_3.6.1         yaml_2.3.7       
+[21] pkgdown_2.0.7     xfun_0.38         fastmap_1.1.1     gridExtra_2.3    
+[25] dplyr_1.1.1       stringr_1.5.0     generics_0.1.3    desc_1.4.2       
+[29] fs_1.6.1          vctrs_0.6.1       sass_0.4.5        systemfonts_1.0.4
+[33] tidyselect_1.2.0  rprojroot_2.0.3   lmtest_0.9-40     grid_4.2.3       
 [37] inline_0.3.19     glue_1.6.2        R6_2.5.1          textshaping_0.3.6
-[41] fansi_1.0.3       rmarkdown_2.19    purrr_1.0.0       ggplot2_3.4.0    
-[45] magrittr_2.0.3    scales_1.2.1      htmltools_0.5.4   assertthat_0.2.1 
-[49] colorspace_2.0-3  ragg_1.2.4        utf8_1.2.2        stringi_1.7.8    
-[53] munsell_0.5.0     cachem_1.0.6      zoo_1.8-11       </code></pre>
+[41] fansi_1.0.4       rmarkdown_2.21    purrr_1.0.1       ggplot2_3.4.2    
+[45] magrittr_2.0.3    scales_1.2.1      htmltools_0.5.5   colorspace_2.1-0 
+[49] ragg_1.2.5        utf8_1.2.3        stringi_1.7.12    munsell_0.5.0    
+[53] cachem_1.0.7      zoo_1.8-12       </code></pre>
 </div>
 <div class="section level3">
 <h3 id="hardware-info">Hardware info<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#hardware-info"></a>
diff --git a/docs/dev/articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html b/docs/dev/articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html
index 2ff966b4..92259add 100644
--- a/docs/dev/articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html
+++ b/docs/dev/articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</h1>
 Ranke</h4>
             
             <h4 data-toc-skip class="date">Last change on 5 January
-2023, last compiled on 17 Februar 2023</h4>
+2023, last compiled on 16 April 2023</h4>
       
       <small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/jranke/mkin/blob/HEAD/vignettes/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.rmd" class="external-link"><code>vignettes/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.rmd</code></a></small>
       <div class="hidden name"><code>2022_dmta_parent.rmd</code></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html b/docs/dev/articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html
index 4a6f224e..0285a193 100644
--- a/docs/dev/articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html
+++ b/docs/dev/articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</h1>
 Ranke</h4>
             
             <h4 data-toc-skip class="date">Last change on 8 January
-2023, last compiled on 17 Februar 2023</h4>
+2023, last compiled on 16 April 2023</h4>
       
       <small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/jranke/mkin/blob/HEAD/vignettes/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.rmd" class="external-link"><code>vignettes/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.rmd</code></a></small>
       <div class="hidden name"><code>2022_dmta_pathway.rmd</code></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/articles/twa.html b/docs/dev/articles/twa.html
index 673d753a..4aa8f5b1 100644
--- a/docs/dev/articles/twa.html
+++ b/docs/dev/articles/twa.html
@@ -34,14 +34,14 @@
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
 <li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -53,6 +53,9 @@
 <li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -60,22 +63,31 @@
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
     </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -83,6 +95,15 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul>
 </li>
 <li>
@@ -106,13 +127,16 @@
 
       
 
-      </header><script src="twa_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
+      </header><div class="row">
   <div class="col-md-9 contents">
     <div class="page-header toc-ignore">
-      <h1 data-toc-skip>Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</h1>
-                        <h4 data-toc-skip class="author">Johannes Ranke</h4>
+      <h1 data-toc-skip>Calculation of time weighted average
+concentrations with mkin</h1>
+                        <h4 data-toc-skip class="author">Johannes
+Ranke</h4>
             
-            <h4 data-toc-skip class="date">Last change 18 September 2019 (rebuilt 2022-11-24)</h4>
+            <h4 data-toc-skip class="date">Last change 18 September 2019
+(rebuilt 2023-04-16)</h4>
       
       <small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/jranke/mkin/blob/HEAD/vignettes/twa.rmd" class="external-link"><code>vignettes/twa.rmd</code></a></small>
       <div class="hidden name"><code>twa.rmd</code></div>
@@ -121,13 +145,25 @@
 
     
     
-<p>Since version 0.9.45.1 of the ‘mkin’ package, a function for calculating time weighted average concentrations for decline kinetics (<em>i.e.</em> only for the compound applied in the experiment) is included. Strictly speaking, they are maximum moving window time weighted average concentrations, <em>i.e.</em> the maximum time weighted average concentration that can be found when moving a time window of a specified width over the decline curve.</p>
-<p>Time weighted average concentrations for the SFO, FOMC and the DFOP model are calculated using the formulas given in the FOCUS kinetics guidance <span class="citation">(FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics 2014, 251)</span>:</p>
+<p>Since version 0.9.45.1 of the ‘mkin’ package, a function for
+calculating time weighted average concentrations for decline kinetics
+(<em>i.e.</em> only for the compound applied in the experiment) is
+included. Strictly speaking, they are maximum moving window time
+weighted average concentrations, <em>i.e.</em> the maximum time weighted
+average concentration that can be found when moving a time window of a
+specified width over the decline curve.</p>
+<p>Time weighted average concentrations for the SFO, FOMC and the DFOP
+model are calculated using the formulas given in the FOCUS kinetics
+guidance <span class="citation">(FOCUS Work Group on Degradation
+Kinetics 2014, 251)</span>:</p>
 <p>SFO:</p>
-<p><span class="math display">\[c_\textrm{twa} = c_0 \frac{\left( 1 - e^{- k t} \right)}{ k t} \]</span></p>
+<p><span class="math display">\[c_\textrm{twa} = c_0 \frac{\left( 1 -
+e^{- k t} \right)}{ k t} \]</span></p>
 <p>FOMC:</p>
-<p><span class="math display">\[c_\textrm{twa} = c_0 \frac{\beta}{t (1 - \alpha)}
-                   \left( \left(\frac{t}{\beta} + 1 \right)^{1 - \alpha} - 1 \right) \]</span></p>
+<p><span class="math display">\[c_\textrm{twa} = c_0 \frac{\beta}{t (1 -
+\alpha)}
+                   \left( \left(\frac{t}{\beta} + 1 \right)^{1 - \alpha}
+- 1 \right) \]</span></p>
 <p>DFOP:</p>
 <p><span class="math display">\[c_\textrm{twa} = \frac{c_0}{t} \left(
   \frac{g}{k_1} \left( 1 - e^{- k_1 t} \right) +
@@ -135,15 +171,25 @@
 <p>HS for <span class="math inline">\(t &gt; t_b\)</span>:</p>
 <p><span class="math display">\[c_\textrm{twa} = \frac{c_0}{t} \left(
   \frac{1}{k_1} \left( 1 - e^{- k_1 t_b} \right) +
-  \frac{e^{- k_1 t_b}}{k_2} \left( 1 - e^{- k_2 (t - t_b)} \right)  \right) \]</span></p>
-<p>Often, the ratio between the time weighted average concentration <span class="math inline">\(c_\textrm{twa}\)</span> and the initial concentration <span class="math inline">\(c_0\)</span></p>
-<p><span class="math display">\[f_\textrm{twa} = \frac{c_\textrm{twa}}{c_0}\]</span></p>
-<p>is needed. This can be calculated from the fitted initial concentration <span class="math inline">\(c_0\)</span> and the time weighted average concentration <span class="math inline">\(c_\textrm{twa}\)</span>, or directly from the model parameters using the following formulas:</p>
+  \frac{e^{- k_1 t_b}}{k_2} \left( 1 - e^{- k_2 (t - t_b)}
+\right)  \right) \]</span></p>
+<p>Often, the ratio between the time weighted average concentration
+<span class="math inline">\(c_\textrm{twa}\)</span> and the initial
+concentration <span class="math inline">\(c_0\)</span></p>
+<p><span class="math display">\[f_\textrm{twa} =
+\frac{c_\textrm{twa}}{c_0}\]</span></p>
+<p>is needed. This can be calculated from the fitted initial
+concentration <span class="math inline">\(c_0\)</span> and the time
+weighted average concentration <span class="math inline">\(c_\textrm{twa}\)</span>, or directly from the
+model parameters using the following formulas:</p>
 <p>SFO:</p>
-<p><span class="math display">\[f_\textrm{twa} = \frac{\left( 1 - e^{- k t} \right)}{k t} \]</span></p>
+<p><span class="math display">\[f_\textrm{twa} = \frac{\left( 1 - e^{- k
+t} \right)}{k t} \]</span></p>
 <p>FOMC:</p>
-<p><span class="math display">\[f_\textrm{twa} = \frac{\beta}{t (1 - \alpha)}
-                   \left( \left(\frac{t}{\beta} + 1 \right)^{1 - \alpha} - 1 \right) \]</span></p>
+<p><span class="math display">\[f_\textrm{twa} = \frac{\beta}{t (1 -
+\alpha)}
+                   \left( \left(\frac{t}{\beta} + 1 \right)^{1 - \alpha}
+- 1 \right) \]</span></p>
 <p>DFOP:</p>
 <p><span class="math display">\[f_\textrm{twa} = \frac{1}{t} \left(
   \frac{g}{k_1} \left( 1 - e^{- k_1 t} \right) +
@@ -151,11 +197,19 @@
 <p>HS for <span class="math inline">\(t &gt; t_b\)</span>:</p>
 <p><span class="math display">\[f_\textrm{twa} = \frac{1}{t} \left(
   \frac{1}{k_1} \left( 1 - e^{- k_1 t_b} \right) +
-  \frac{e^{- k_1 t_b}}{k_2} \left( 1 - e^{- k_2 (t - t_b)} \right)  \right) \]</span></p>
-<p>Note that a method for calculating maximum moving window time weighted average concentrations for a model fitted by ‘mkinfit’ or from parent decline model parameters is included in the <code><a href="../reference/max_twa_parent.html">max_twa_parent()</a></code> function. If the same is needed for metabolites, the function <code><a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/pfm/reference/max_twa.html" class="external-link">pfm::max_twa()</a></code> from the ‘pfm’ package can be used.</p>
-<div id="refs" class="references hanging-indent">
-<div id="ref-FOCUSkinetics2014">
-<p>FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics. 2014. <em>Generic Guidance for Estimating Persistence and Degradation Kinetics from Environmental Fate Studies on Pesticides in Eu Registration</em>. 1.1 ed. <a href="http://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/projects/degradation-kinetics" class="external-link">http://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/projects/degradation-kinetics</a>.</p>
+  \frac{e^{- k_1 t_b}}{k_2} \left( 1 - e^{- k_2 (t - t_b)}
+\right)  \right) \]</span></p>
+<p>Note that a method for calculating maximum moving window time
+weighted average concentrations for a model fitted by ‘mkinfit’ or from
+parent decline model parameters is included in the
+<code><a href="../reference/max_twa_parent.html">max_twa_parent()</a></code> function. If the same is needed for
+metabolites, the function <code><a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/pfm/reference/max_twa.html" class="external-link">pfm::max_twa()</a></code> from the ‘pfm’
+package can be used.</p>
+<div id="refs" class="references csl-bib-body hanging-indent">
+<div id="ref-FOCUSkinetics2014" class="csl-entry">
+FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics. 2014. <em>Generic Guidance for
+Estimating Persistence and Degradation Kinetics from Environmental Fate
+Studies on Pesticides in EU Registration</em>. 1.1 ed. <a href="http://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/projects/degradation-kinetics" class="external-link">http://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/projects/degradation-kinetics</a>.
 </div>
 </div>
   </div>
@@ -175,7 +229,7 @@
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
   <p></p>
-<p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+<p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer>
diff --git a/docs/dev/articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html b/docs/dev/articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html
index eec1ba66..979cf2c6 100644
--- a/docs/dev/articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html
+++ b/docs/dev/articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html
@@ -34,14 +34,14 @@
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
 <li>
-  <a href="../../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -53,6 +53,9 @@
 <li>
       <a href="../../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -60,22 +63,31 @@
       <a href="../../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
     </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -83,6 +95,15 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul>
 </li>
 <li>
@@ -106,13 +127,15 @@
 
       
 
-      </header><script src="FOCUS_Z_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
+      </header><div class="row">
   <div class="col-md-9 contents">
     <div class="page-header toc-ignore">
       <h1 data-toc-skip>Example evaluation of FOCUS dataset Z</h1>
-                        <h4 data-toc-skip class="author">Johannes Ranke</h4>
+                        <h4 data-toc-skip class="author">Johannes
+Ranke</h4>
             
-            <h4 data-toc-skip class="date">Last change 16 January 2018 (rebuilt 2022-11-24)</h4>
+            <h4 data-toc-skip class="date">Last change 16 January 2018
+(rebuilt 2023-04-16)</h4>
       
       <small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/jranke/mkin/blob/HEAD/vignettes/web_only/FOCUS_Z.rmd" class="external-link"><code>vignettes/web_only/FOCUS_Z.rmd</code></a></small>
       <div class="hidden name"><code>FOCUS_Z.rmd</code></div>
@@ -121,11 +144,15 @@
 
     
     
-<p><a href="http://www.jrwb.de" class="external-link">Wissenschaftlicher Berater, Kronacher Str. 12, 79639 Grenzach-Wyhlen, Germany</a><br><a href="http://chem.uft.uni-bremen.de/ranke" class="external-link">Privatdozent at the University of Bremen</a></p>
+<p><a href="http://www.jrwb.de" class="external-link">Wissenschaftlicher Berater, Kronacher
+Str. 12, 79639 Grenzach-Wyhlen, Germany</a><br><a href="http://chem.uft.uni-bremen.de/ranke" class="external-link">Privatdozent at the
+University of Bremen</a></p>
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="the-data">The data<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#the-data"></a>
 </h2>
-<p>The following code defines the example dataset from Appendix 7 to the FOCUS kinetics report <span class="citation">(FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics 2014, 354)</span>.</p>
+<p>The following code defines the example dataset from Appendix 7 to the
+FOCUS kinetics report <span class="citation">(FOCUS Work Group on
+Degradation Kinetics 2014, 354)</span>.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va"><a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/">mkin</a></span>, quietly <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="va">LOD</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">0.5</span></span>
@@ -146,7 +173,11 @@
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="parent-and-one-metabolite">Parent and one metabolite<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#parent-and-one-metabolite"></a>
 </h2>
-<p>The next step is to set up the models used for the kinetic analysis. As the simultaneous fit of parent and the first metabolite is usually straightforward, Step 1 (SFO for parent only) is skipped here. We start with the model 2a, with formation and decline of metabolite Z1 and the pathway from parent directly to sink included (default in mkin).</p>
+<p>The next step is to set up the models used for the kinetic analysis.
+As the simultaneous fit of parent and the first metabolite is usually
+straightforward, Step 1 (SFO for parent only) is skipped here. We start
+with the model 2a, with formation and decline of metabolite Z1 and the
+pathway from parent directly to sink included (default in mkin).</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">Z.2a</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinmod</a></span><span class="op">(</span>Z0 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinsub</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="st">"Z1"</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
 <span>                Z1 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinsub</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
@@ -166,8 +197,14 @@
 <span><span class="co">## k_Z1        0.48212   0.063265  7.6207 2.8154e-08  0.40341   0.5762</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## f_Z0_to_Z1  1.00000   0.094764 10.5525 5.3560e-11  0.00000   1.0000</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## sigma       4.80411   0.635638  7.5579 3.2592e-08  3.52677   6.0815</span></span></code></pre>
-<p>As obvious from the parameter summary (the  component of the summary), the kinetic rate constant from parent compound Z to sink is very small and the t-test for this parameter suggests that it is not significantly different from zero. This suggests, in agreement with the analysis in the FOCUS kinetics report, to simplify the model by removing the pathway to sink.</p>
-<p>A similar result can be obtained when formation fractions are used in the model formulation:</p>
+<p>As obvious from the parameter summary (the component of the summary),
+the kinetic rate constant from parent compound Z to sink is very small
+and the t-test for this parameter suggests that it is not significantly
+different from zero. This suggests, in agreement with the analysis in
+the FOCUS kinetics report, to simplify the model by removing the pathway
+to sink.</p>
+<p>A similar result can be obtained when formation fractions are used in
+the model formulation:</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb9"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">Z.2a.ff</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinmod</a></span><span class="op">(</span>Z0 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinsub</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="st">"Z1"</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
 <span>                   Z1 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinsub</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
@@ -188,9 +225,17 @@
 <span><span class="co">## k_Z1        0.48212   0.063265  7.6207 2.8154e-08  0.40341   0.5762</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## f_Z0_to_Z1  1.00000   0.094764 10.5525 5.3560e-11  0.00000   1.0000</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## sigma       4.80411   0.635638  7.5579 3.2592e-08  3.52677   6.0815</span></span></code></pre>
-<p>Here, the ilr transformed formation fraction fitted in the model takes a very large value, and the backtransformed formation fraction from parent Z to Z1 is practically unity. Here, the covariance matrix used for the calculation of confidence intervals is not returned as the model is overparameterised.</p>
-<p>A simplified model is obtained by removing the pathway to the sink. </p>
-<p>In the following, we use the parameterisation with formation fractions in order to be able to compare with the results in the FOCUS guidance, and as it makes it easier to use parameters obtained in a previous fit when adding a further metabolite.</p>
+<p>Here, the ilr transformed formation fraction fitted in the model
+takes a very large value, and the backtransformed formation fraction
+from parent Z to Z1 is practically unity. Here, the covariance matrix
+used for the calculation of confidence intervals is not returned as the
+model is overparameterised.</p>
+<p>A simplified model is obtained by removing the pathway to the sink.
+</p>
+<p>In the following, we use the parameterisation with formation
+fractions in order to be able to compare with the results in the FOCUS
+guidance, and as it makes it easier to use parameters obtained in a
+previous fit when adding a further metabolite.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb16"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">Z.3</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinmod</a></span><span class="op">(</span>Z0 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinsub</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="st">"Z1"</span>, sink <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
 <span>               Z1 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinsub</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span><span class="op">)</span>, use_of_ff <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"max"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
@@ -209,12 +254,18 @@
 <span><span class="co">## k_Z0   2.23601   0.146904  15.221 9.1477e-15  1.95354   2.5593</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## k_Z1   0.48212   0.041727  11.554 4.8268e-12  0.40355   0.5760</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## sigma  4.80411   0.620208   7.746 1.6110e-08  3.52925   6.0790</span></span></code></pre>
-<p>As there is only one transformation product for Z0 and no pathway to sink, the formation fraction is internally fixed to unity.</p>
+<p>As there is only one transformation product for Z0 and no pathway to
+sink, the formation fraction is internally fixed to unity.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="metabolites-z2-and-z3">Metabolites Z2 and Z3<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#metabolites-z2-and-z3"></a>
 </h2>
-<p>As suggested in the FOCUS report, the pathway to sink was removed for metabolite Z1 as well in the next step. While this step appears questionable on the basis of the above results, it is followed here for the purpose of comparison. Also, in the FOCUS report, it is assumed that there is additional empirical evidence that Z1 quickly and exclusively hydrolyses to Z2.</p>
+<p>As suggested in the FOCUS report, the pathway to sink was removed for
+metabolite Z1 as well in the next step. While this step appears
+questionable on the basis of the above results, it is followed here for
+the purpose of comparison. Also, in the FOCUS report, it is assumed that
+there is additional empirical evidence that Z1 quickly and exclusively
+hydrolyses to Z2.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb23"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">Z.5</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinmod</a></span><span class="op">(</span>Z0 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinsub</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="st">"Z1"</span>, sink <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
 <span>               Z1 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinsub</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="st">"Z2"</span>, sink <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
@@ -227,7 +278,9 @@
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb27"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/plot.mkinfit.html">plot_sep</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">m.Z.5</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p><img src="FOCUS_Z_files/figure-html/FOCUS_2006_Z_fits_5-1.png" width="700"></p>
-<p>Finally, metabolite Z3 is added to the model. We use the optimised differential equation parameter values from the previous fit in order to accelerate the optimization.</p>
+<p>Finally, metabolite Z3 is added to the model. We use the optimised
+differential equation parameter values from the previous fit in order to
+accelerate the optimization.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb28"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">Z.FOCUS</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinmod</a></span><span class="op">(</span>Z0 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinsub</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="st">"Z1"</span>, sink <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
 <span>                   Z1 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinsub</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="st">"Z2"</span>, sink <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
@@ -268,13 +321,22 @@
 <span><span class="co">## Z1  1.44917  4.8141</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Z2  1.53478  5.0984</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Z3 11.80986 39.2315</span></span></code></pre>
-<p>This fit corresponds to the final result chosen in Appendix 7 of the FOCUS report. Confidence intervals returned by mkin are based on internally transformed parameters, however.</p>
+<p>This fit corresponds to the final result chosen in Appendix 7 of the
+FOCUS report. Confidence intervals returned by mkin are based on
+internally transformed parameters, however.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="using-the-sforb-model">Using the SFORB model<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#using-the-sforb-model"></a>
 </h2>
-<p>As the FOCUS report states, there is a certain tailing of the time course of metabolite Z3. Also, the time course of the parent compound is not fitted very well using the SFO model, as residues at a certain low level remain.</p>
-<p>Therefore, an additional model is offered here, using the single first-order reversible binding (SFORB) model for metabolite Z3. As expected, the <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> error level is lower for metabolite Z3 using this model and the graphical fit for Z3 is improved. However, the covariance matrix is not returned.</p>
+<p>As the FOCUS report states, there is a certain tailing of the time
+course of metabolite Z3. Also, the time course of the parent compound is
+not fitted very well using the SFO model, as residues at a certain low
+level remain.</p>
+<p>Therefore, an additional model is offered here, using the single
+first-order reversible binding (SFORB) model for metabolite Z3. As
+expected, the <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> error level is
+lower for metabolite Z3 using this model and the graphical fit for Z3 is
+improved. However, the covariance matrix is not returned.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb38"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">Z.mkin.1</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinmod</a></span><span class="op">(</span>Z0 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinsub</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="st">"Z1"</span>, sink <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
 <span>                    Z1 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinsub</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="st">"Z2"</span>, sink <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
@@ -283,15 +345,18 @@
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## Temporary DLL for differentials generated and loaded</span></span></code></pre>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb40"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">m.Z.mkin.1</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinfit.html">mkinfit</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">Z.mkin.1</span>, <span class="va">FOCUS_2006_Z_mkin</span>, quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
-<pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in mkinfit(Z.mkin.1, FOCUS_2006_Z_mkin, quiet = TRUE): Observations with</span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## value of zero were removed from the data</span></span></code></pre>
+<pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in mkinfit(Z.mkin.1, FOCUS_2006_Z_mkin, quiet = TRUE): Observations</span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## with value of zero were removed from the data</span></span></code></pre>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb42"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/plot.mkinfit.html">plot_sep</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">m.Z.mkin.1</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p><img src="FOCUS_Z_files/figure-html/FOCUS_2006_Z_fits_7-1.png" width="700"></p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb43"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/saemix/man/summary-methods.html" class="external-link">summary</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">m.Z.mkin.1</span>, data <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">cov.unscaled</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## NULL</span></span></code></pre>
-<p>Therefore, a further stepwise model building is performed starting from the stage of parent and two metabolites, starting from the assumption that the model fit for the parent compound can be improved by using the SFORB model.</p>
+<p>Therefore, a further stepwise model building is performed starting
+from the stage of parent and two metabolites, starting from the
+assumption that the model fit for the parent compound can be improved by
+using the SFORB model.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb45"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">Z.mkin.3</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinmod</a></span><span class="op">(</span>Z0 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinsub</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFORB"</span>, <span class="st">"Z1"</span>, sink <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
 <span>                    Z1 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinsub</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="st">"Z2"</span>, sink <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
@@ -299,13 +364,16 @@
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## Temporary DLL for differentials generated and loaded</span></span></code></pre>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb47"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">m.Z.mkin.3</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinfit.html">mkinfit</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">Z.mkin.3</span>, <span class="va">FOCUS_2006_Z_mkin</span>, quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
-<pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in mkinfit(Z.mkin.3, FOCUS_2006_Z_mkin, quiet = TRUE): Observations with</span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## value of zero were removed from the data</span></span></code></pre>
+<pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in mkinfit(Z.mkin.3, FOCUS_2006_Z_mkin, quiet = TRUE): Observations</span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## with value of zero were removed from the data</span></span></code></pre>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb49"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/plot.mkinfit.html">plot_sep</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">m.Z.mkin.3</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p><img src="FOCUS_Z_files/figure-html/FOCUS_2006_Z_fits_9-1.png" width="700"></p>
-<p>This results in a much better representation of the behaviour of the parent compound Z0.</p>
-<p>Finally, Z3 is added as well. These models appear overparameterised (no covariance matrix returned) if the sink for Z1 is left in the models.</p>
+<p>This results in a much better representation of the behaviour of the
+parent compound Z0.</p>
+<p>Finally, Z3 is added as well. These models appear overparameterised
+(no covariance matrix returned) if the sink for Z1 is left in the
+models.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb50"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">Z.mkin.4</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinmod</a></span><span class="op">(</span>Z0 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinsub</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFORB"</span>, <span class="st">"Z1"</span>, sink <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
 <span>                    Z1 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinsub</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="st">"Z2"</span>, sink <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
@@ -322,7 +390,10 @@
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb54"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/plot.mkinfit.html">plot_sep</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">m.Z.mkin.4</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p><img src="FOCUS_Z_files/figure-html/FOCUS_2006_Z_fits_10-1.png" width="700"></p>
-<p>The error level of the fit, but especially of metabolite Z3, can be improved if the SFORB model is chosen for this metabolite, as this model is capable of representing the tailing of the metabolite decline phase.</p>
+<p>The error level of the fit, but especially of metabolite Z3, can be
+improved if the SFORB model is chosen for this metabolite, as this model
+is capable of representing the tailing of the metabolite decline
+phase.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb55"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">Z.mkin.5</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinmod</a></span><span class="op">(</span>Z0 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinsub</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFORB"</span>, <span class="st">"Z1"</span>, sink <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
 <span>                    Z1 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinsub</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="st">"Z2"</span>, sink <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
@@ -339,7 +410,9 @@
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb59"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/plot.mkinfit.html">plot_sep</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">m.Z.mkin.5</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p><img src="FOCUS_Z_files/figure-html/FOCUS_2006_Z_fits_11-1.png" width="700"></p>
-<p>The summary view of the backtransformed parameters shows that we get no confidence intervals due to overparameterisation. As the optimized  is excessively small, it seems reasonable to fix it to zero.</p>
+<p>The summary view of the backtransformed parameters shows that we get
+no confidence intervals due to overparameterisation. As the optimized is
+excessively small, it seems reasonable to fix it to zero.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb60"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">m.Z.mkin.5a</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinfit.html">mkinfit</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">Z.mkin.5</span>, <span class="va">FOCUS_2006_Z_mkin</span>,</span>
 <span>                       parms.ini <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">m.Z.mkin.5</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">bparms.ode</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">7</span><span class="op">]</span>,</span>
@@ -352,8 +425,12 @@
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb62"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/plot.mkinfit.html">plot_sep</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">m.Z.mkin.5a</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p><img src="FOCUS_Z_files/figure-html/FOCUS_2006_Z_fits_11a-1.png" width="700"></p>
-<p>As expected, the residual plots for Z0 and Z3 are more random than in the case of the all SFO model for which they were shown above. In conclusion, the model  is proposed as the best-fit model for the dataset from Appendix 7 of the FOCUS report.</p>
-<p>A graphical representation of the confidence intervals can finally be obtained.</p>
+<p>As expected, the residual plots for Z0 and Z3 are more random than in
+the case of the all SFO model for which they were shown above. In
+conclusion, the model is proposed as the best-fit model for the dataset
+from Appendix 7 of the FOCUS report.</p>
+<p>A graphical representation of the confidence intervals can finally be
+obtained.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb63"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinparplot.html">mkinparplot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">m.Z.mkin.5a</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p><img src="FOCUS_Z_files/figure-html/FOCUS_2006_Z_fits_11b-1.png" width="700"></p>
@@ -374,15 +451,22 @@
 <span><span class="co">## Z1 1.5148 5.0320       NA         NA         NA         NA         NA</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Z2 1.6414 5.4526       NA         NA         NA         NA         NA</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Z3     NA     NA       NA         NA         NA     8.6636        Inf</span></span></code></pre>
-<p>It is clear the degradation rate of Z3 towards the end of the experiment is very low as DT50_Z3_b2 (the second Eigenvalue of the system of two differential equations representing the SFORB system for Z3, corresponding to the slower rate constant of the DFOP model) is reported to be infinity. However, this appears to be a feature of the data.</p>
+<p>It is clear the degradation rate of Z3 towards the end of the
+experiment is very low as DT50_Z3_b2 (the second Eigenvalue of the
+system of two differential equations representing the SFORB system for
+Z3, corresponding to the slower rate constant of the DFOP model) is
+reported to be infinity. However, this appears to be a feature of the
+data.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="references">References<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#references"></a>
 </h2>
 <!-- vim: set foldmethod=syntax: -->
-<div id="refs" class="references hanging-indent">
-<div id="ref-FOCUSkinetics2014">
-<p>FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics. 2014. <em>Generic Guidance for Estimating Persistence and Degradation Kinetics from Environmental Fate Studies on Pesticides in Eu Registration</em>. 1.1 ed. <a href="http://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/projects/degradation-kinetics" class="external-link">http://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/projects/degradation-kinetics</a>.</p>
+<div id="refs" class="references csl-bib-body hanging-indent">
+<div id="ref-FOCUSkinetics2014" class="csl-entry">
+FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics. 2014. <em>Generic Guidance for
+Estimating Persistence and Degradation Kinetics from Environmental Fate
+Studies on Pesticides in EU Registration</em>. 1.1 ed. <a href="http://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/projects/degradation-kinetics" class="external-link">http://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/projects/degradation-kinetics</a>.
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -405,7 +489,7 @@
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
   <p></p>
-<p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+<p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer>
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diff --git a/docs/dev/articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html b/docs/dev/articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html
index a054d4a1..9feecfce 100644
--- a/docs/dev/articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html
+++ b/docs/dev/articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html
@@ -34,14 +34,14 @@
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
 <li>
-  <a href="../../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -53,6 +53,9 @@
 <li>
       <a href="../../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -60,22 +63,31 @@
       <a href="../../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
     </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -83,6 +95,15 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul>
 </li>
 <li>
@@ -106,13 +127,16 @@
 
       
 
-      </header><script src="NAFTA_examples_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
+      </header><div class="row">
   <div class="col-md-9 contents">
     <div class="page-header toc-ignore">
-      <h1 data-toc-skip>Evaluation of example datasets from Attachment 1 to the US EPA SOP for the NAFTA guidance</h1>
-                        <h4 data-toc-skip class="author">Johannes Ranke</h4>
+      <h1 data-toc-skip>Evaluation of example datasets from Attachment 1
+to the US EPA SOP for the NAFTA guidance</h1>
+                        <h4 data-toc-skip class="author">Johannes
+Ranke</h4>
             
-            <h4 data-toc-skip class="date">26 February 2019 (rebuilt 2022-11-24)</h4>
+            <h4 data-toc-skip class="date">26 February 2019 (rebuilt
+2023-04-16)</h4>
       
       <small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/jranke/mkin/blob/HEAD/vignettes/web_only/NAFTA_examples.rmd" class="external-link"><code>vignettes/web_only/NAFTA_examples.rmd</code></a></small>
       <div class="hidden name"><code>NAFTA_examples.rmd</code></div>
@@ -124,13 +148,22 @@
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="introduction">Introduction<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#introduction"></a>
 </h2>
-<p>In this document, the example evaluations provided in Attachment 1 to the SOP of US EPA for using the NAFTA guidance <span class="citation">(US EPA 2015)</span> are repeated using mkin. The original evaluations reported in the attachment were performed using PestDF in version 0.8.4. Note that PestDF 0.8.13 is the version distributed at the US EPA website today (2019-02-26).</p>
+<p>In this document, the example evaluations provided in Attachment 1 to
+the SOP of US EPA for using the NAFTA guidance <span class="citation">(US EPA 2015)</span> are repeated using mkin. The
+original evaluations reported in the attachment were performed using
+PestDF in version 0.8.4. Note that PestDF 0.8.13 is the version
+distributed at the US EPA website today (2019-02-26).</p>
 <p>The datasets are now distributed with the mkin package.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="examples-where-dfop-did-not-converge-with-pestdf-0-8-4">Examples where DFOP did not converge with PestDF 0.8.4<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#examples-where-dfop-did-not-converge-with-pestdf-0-8-4"></a>
 </h2>
-<p>In attachment 1, it is reported that the DFOP model does not converge for these datasets when PestDF 0.8.4 was used. For all four datasets, the DFOP model can be fitted with mkin (see below). The negative half-life given by PestDF 0.8.4 for these fits appears to be the result of a bug. The results for the other two models (SFO and IORE) are the same.</p>
+<p>In attachment 1, it is reported that the DFOP model does not converge
+for these datasets when PestDF 0.8.4 was used. For all four datasets,
+the DFOP model can be fitted with mkin (see below). The negative
+half-life given by PestDF 0.8.4 for these fits appears to be the result
+of a bug. The results for the other two models (SFO and IORE) are the
+same.</p>
 <div class="section level3">
 <h3 id="example-on-page-5-upper-panel">Example on page 5, upper panel<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#example-on-page-5-upper-panel"></a>
 </h3>
@@ -337,12 +370,15 @@
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="section level2">
-<h2 id="examples-where-the-representative-half-life-deviates-from-the-observed-dt50">Examples where the representative half-life deviates from the observed DT50<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#examples-where-the-representative-half-life-deviates-from-the-observed-dt50"></a>
+<h2 id="examples-where-the-representative-half-life-deviates-from-the-observed-dt50">Examples where the representative half-life deviates from the
+observed DT50<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#examples-where-the-representative-half-life-deviates-from-the-observed-dt50"></a>
 </h2>
 <div class="section level3">
 <h3 id="example-on-page-8">Example on page 8<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#example-on-page-8"></a>
 </h3>
-<p>For this dataset, the IORE fit does not converge when the default starting values used by mkin for the IORE model are used. Therefore, a lower value for the rate constant is used here.</p>
+<p>For this dataset, the IORE fit does not converge when the default
+starting values used by mkin for the IORE model are used. Therefore, a
+lower value for the rate constant is used here.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb25"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">p8</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/nafta.html">nafta</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">NAFTA_SOP_Attachment</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="st">"p8"</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span>, parms.ini <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span>k__iore_parent <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">1e-3</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## The SFO model is rejected as S_SFO is equal or higher than the critical value S_c</span></span></code></pre>
@@ -445,7 +481,9 @@
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Representative half-life:</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## [1] 101.43</span></span></code></pre>
-<p>In this example, the residuals of the SFO indicate a lack of fit of this model, so even if it was an abiotic experiment, the data do not suggest a simple exponential decline.</p>
+<p>In this example, the residuals of the SFO indicate a lack of fit of
+this model, so even if it was an abiotic experiment, the data do not
+suggest a simple exponential decline.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section level3">
 <h3 id="example-on-page-9-lower-panel">Example on page 9, lower panel<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#example-on-page-9-lower-panel"></a>
@@ -455,8 +493,8 @@
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in sqrt(diag(covar)): NaNs produced</span></span></code></pre>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in sqrt(diag(covar_notrans)): NaNs produced</span></span></code></pre>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in sqrt(1/diag(V)): NaNs produced</span></span></code></pre>
-<pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in cov2cor(ans$covar): diag(.) had 0 or NA entries; non-finite result is</span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## doubtful</span></span></code></pre>
+<pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in cov2cor(ans$covar): diag(.) had 0 or NA entries; non-finite result</span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## is doubtful</span></span></code></pre>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## The SFO model is rejected as S_SFO is equal or higher than the critical value S_c</span></span></code></pre>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## The half-life obtained from the IORE model may be used</span></span></code></pre>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb44"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
@@ -502,7 +540,12 @@
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Representative half-life:</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## [1] 14.8</span></span></code></pre>
-<p>Here, mkin gives a longer slow DT50 for the DFOP model (17.8 days) than PestDF (13.5 days). Presumably, this is related to the fact that PestDF gives a negative value for the proportion of the fast degradation which should be between 0 and 1, inclusive. This parameter is called f in PestDF and g in mkin. In mkin, it is restricted to the interval from 0 to 1.</p>
+<p>Here, mkin gives a longer slow DT50 for the DFOP model (17.8 days)
+than PestDF (13.5 days). Presumably, this is related to the fact that
+PestDF gives a negative value for the proportion of the fast degradation
+which should be between 0 and 1, inclusive. This parameter is called f
+in PestDF and g in mkin. In mkin, it is restricted to the interval from
+0 to 1.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section level3">
 <h3 id="example-on-page-10">Example on page 10<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#example-on-page-10"></a>
@@ -511,8 +554,8 @@
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">p10</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/nafta.html">nafta</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">NAFTA_SOP_Attachment</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="st">"p10"</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in sqrt(diag(covar)): NaNs produced</span></span></code></pre>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in sqrt(1/diag(V)): NaNs produced</span></span></code></pre>
-<pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in cov2cor(ans$covar): diag(.) had 0 or NA entries; non-finite result is</span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## doubtful</span></span></code></pre>
+<pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in cov2cor(ans$covar): diag(.) had 0 or NA entries; non-finite result</span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## is doubtful</span></span></code></pre>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## The SFO model is rejected as S_SFO is equal or higher than the critical value S_c</span></span></code></pre>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## The half-life obtained from the IORE model may be used</span></span></code></pre>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb53"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
@@ -558,7 +601,11 @@
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Representative half-life:</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## [1] 8.86</span></span></code></pre>
-<p>Here, a value below N is given for the IORE model, because the data suggests a faster decline towards the end of the experiment, which appears physically rather unlikely in the case of a photolysis study. It seems PestDF does not constrain N to values above zero, thus the slight difference in IORE model parameters between PestDF and mkin.</p>
+<p>Here, a value below N is given for the IORE model, because the data
+suggests a faster decline towards the end of the experiment, which
+appears physically rather unlikely in the case of a photolysis study. It
+seems PestDF does not constrain N to values above zero, thus the slight
+difference in IORE model parameters between PestDF and mkin.</p>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="section level2">
@@ -614,13 +661,19 @@
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Representative half-life:</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## [1] 41148170</span></span></code></pre>
-<p>In this case, the DFOP fit reported for PestDF resulted in a negative value for the slower rate constant, which is not possible in mkin. The other results are in agreement.</p>
+<p>In this case, the DFOP fit reported for PestDF resulted in a negative
+value for the slower rate constant, which is not possible in mkin. The
+other results are in agreement.</p>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="section level2">
-<h2 id="n-is-less-than-1-and-the-dfop-rate-constants-are-like-the-sfo-rate-constant">N is less than 1 and the DFOP rate constants are like the SFO rate constant<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#n-is-less-than-1-and-the-dfop-rate-constants-are-like-the-sfo-rate-constant"></a>
+<h2 id="n-is-less-than-1-and-the-dfop-rate-constants-are-like-the-sfo-rate-constant">N is less than 1 and the DFOP rate constants are like the SFO rate
+constant<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#n-is-less-than-1-and-the-dfop-rate-constants-are-like-the-sfo-rate-constant"></a>
 </h2>
-<p>In the following three examples, the same results are obtained with mkin as reported for PestDF. As in the case on page 10, the N values below 1 are deemed unrealistic and appear to be the result of an overparameterisation.</p>
+<p>In the following three examples, the same results are obtained with
+mkin as reported for PestDF. As in the case on page 10, the N values
+below 1 are deemed unrealistic and appear to be the result of an
+overparameterisation.</p>
 <div class="section level3">
 <h3 id="example-on-page-12-upper-panel">Example on page 12, upper panel<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#example-on-page-12-upper-panel"></a>
 </h3>
@@ -631,8 +684,8 @@
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in sqrt(diag(covar)): NaNs produced</span></span></code></pre>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in sqrt(diag(covar_notrans)): NaNs produced</span></span></code></pre>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in sqrt(1/diag(V)): NaNs produced</span></span></code></pre>
-<pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in cov2cor(ans$covar): diag(.) had 0 or NA entries; non-finite result is</span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## doubtful</span></span></code></pre>
+<pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in cov2cor(ans$covar): diag(.) had 0 or NA entries; non-finite result</span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## is doubtful</span></span></code></pre>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## The SFO model is rejected as S_SFO is equal or higher than the critical value S_c</span></span></code></pre>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## The half-life obtained from the IORE model may be used</span></span></code></pre>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb70"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
@@ -793,8 +846,8 @@
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">p14</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/nafta.html">nafta</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">NAFTA_SOP_Attachment</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="st">"p14"</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in sqrt(diag(covar)): NaNs produced</span></span></code></pre>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in sqrt(1/diag(V)): NaNs produced</span></span></code></pre>
-<pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in cov2cor(ans$covar): diag(.) had 0 or NA entries; non-finite result is</span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## doubtful</span></span></code></pre>
+<pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in cov2cor(ans$covar): diag(.) had 0 or NA entries; non-finite result</span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## is doubtful</span></span></code></pre>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## The SFO model is rejected as S_SFO is equal or higher than the critical value S_c</span></span></code></pre>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## The half-life obtained from the IORE model may be used</span></span></code></pre>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb95"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
@@ -840,7 +893,9 @@
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Representative half-life:</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## [1] 6697.44</span></span></code></pre>
-<p>The slower rate constant reported by PestDF is negative, which is not physically realistic, and not possible in mkin. The other fits give the same results in mkin and PestDF.</p>
+<p>The slower rate constant reported by PestDF is negative, which is not
+physically realistic, and not possible in mkin. The other fits give the
+same results in mkin and PestDF.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="n-is-less-than-1-and-dfop-fraction-parameter-is-below-zero">N is less than 1 and DFOP fraction parameter is below zero<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#n-is-less-than-1-and-dfop-fraction-parameter-is-below-zero"></a>
@@ -896,8 +951,8 @@
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">p15b</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/nafta.html">nafta</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">NAFTA_SOP_Attachment</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="st">"p15b"</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in sqrt(diag(covar)): NaNs produced</span></span></code></pre>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in sqrt(1/diag(V)): NaNs produced</span></span></code></pre>
-<pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in cov2cor(ans$covar): diag(.) had 0 or NA entries; non-finite result is</span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## doubtful</span></span></code></pre>
+<pre><code><span><span class="co">## Warning in cov2cor(ans$covar): diag(.) had 0 or NA entries; non-finite result</span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## is doubtful</span></span></code></pre>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## The SFO model is rejected as S_SFO is equal or higher than the critical value S_c</span></span></code></pre>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## The half-life obtained from the IORE model may be used</span></span></code></pre>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb110"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
@@ -943,7 +998,10 @@
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Representative half-life:</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## [1] 71.18</span></span></code></pre>
-<p>In mkin, only the IORE fit is affected (deemed unrealistic), as the fraction parameter of the DFOP model is restricted to the interval between 0 and 1 in mkin. The SFO fits give the same results for both mkin and PestDF.</p>
+<p>In mkin, only the IORE fit is affected (deemed unrealistic), as the
+fraction parameter of the DFOP model is restricted to the interval
+between 0 and 1 in mkin. The SFO fits give the same results for both
+mkin and PestDF.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="the-dfop-fraction-parameter-is-greater-than-1">The DFOP fraction parameter is greater than 1<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#the-dfop-fraction-parameter-is-greater-than-1"></a>
@@ -997,20 +1055,32 @@
 <span><span class="co">## </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Representative half-life:</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## [1] 8.93</span></span></code></pre>
-<p>In PestDF, the DFOP fit seems to have stuck in a local minimum, as mkin finds a solution with a much lower <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> error level. As the half-life from the slower rate constant of the DFOP model is larger than the IORE derived half-life, the NAFTA recommendation obtained with mkin is to use the DFOP representative half-life of 8.9 days.</p>
+<p>In PestDF, the DFOP fit seems to have stuck in a local minimum, as
+mkin finds a solution with a much lower <span class="math inline">\(\chi^2\)</span> error level. As the half-life from
+the slower rate constant of the DFOP model is larger than the IORE
+derived half-life, the NAFTA recommendation obtained with mkin is to use
+the DFOP representative half-life of 8.9 days.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="conclusions">Conclusions<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#conclusions"></a>
 </h2>
-<p>The results obtained with mkin deviate from the results obtained with PestDF either in cases where one of the interpretive rules would apply, i.e. the IORE parameter N is less than one or the DFOP k values obtained with PestDF are equal to the SFO k values, or in cases where the DFOP model did not converge, which often lead to negative rate constants returned by PestDF.</p>
-<p>Therefore, mkin appears to suitable for kinetic evaluations according to the NAFTA guidance.</p>
+<p>The results obtained with mkin deviate from the results obtained with
+PestDF either in cases where one of the interpretive rules would apply,
+i.e. the IORE parameter N is less than one or the DFOP k values obtained
+with PestDF are equal to the SFO k values, or in cases where the DFOP
+model did not converge, which often lead to negative rate constants
+returned by PestDF.</p>
+<p>Therefore, mkin appears to suitable for kinetic evaluations according
+to the NAFTA guidance.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 class="unnumbered" id="references">References<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#references"></a>
 </h2>
-<div id="refs" class="references hanging-indent">
-<div id="ref-usepa2015">
-<p>US EPA. 2015. “Standard Operating Procedure for Using the NAFTA Guidance to Calculate Representative Half-Life Values and Characterizing Pesticide Degradation.”</p>
+<div id="refs" class="references csl-bib-body hanging-indent">
+<div id="ref-usepa2015" class="csl-entry">
+US EPA. 2015. <span>“Standard Operating Procedure for Using the NAFTA
+Guidance to Calculate Representative Half-Life Values and Characterizing
+Pesticide Degradation.”</span> <a href="https://www.epa.gov/pesticide-science-and-assessing-pesticide-risks/standard-operating-procedure-using-nafta-guidance" class="external-link">https://www.epa.gov/pesticide-science-and-assessing-pesticide-risks/standard-operating-procedure-using-nafta-guidance</a>.
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -1033,7 +1103,7 @@
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
   <p></p>
-<p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+<p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
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diff --git a/docs/dev/articles/web_only/benchmarks.html b/docs/dev/articles/web_only/benchmarks.html
index a2d9f7e8..87bdd55f 100644
--- a/docs/dev/articles/web_only/benchmarks.html
+++ b/docs/dev/articles/web_only/benchmarks.html
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@
 Ranke</h4>
             
             <h4 data-toc-skip class="date">Last change 17 February 2023
-(rebuilt 2023-02-17)</h4>
+(rebuilt 2023-04-16)</h4>
       
       <small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/jranke/mkin/blob/HEAD/vignettes/web_only/benchmarks.rmd" class="external-link"><code>vignettes/web_only/benchmarks.rmd</code></a></small>
       <div class="hidden name"><code>benchmarks.rmd</code></div>
@@ -418,6 +418,14 @@ models fitted to two datasets, i.e. eight fits for each test.</p>
 <td align="right">1.370</td>
 <td align="right">1.883</td>
 </tr>
+<tr class="odd">
+<td align="left">Linux</td>
+<td align="left">Ryzen 9 7950X</td>
+<td align="left">4.2.3</td>
+<td align="left">1.2.3</td>
+<td align="right">1.404</td>
+<td align="right">1.933</td>
+</tr>
 </tbody>
 </table>
 </div>
@@ -636,6 +644,15 @@ for each test.</p>
 <td align="right">2.011</td>
 <td align="right">1.123</td>
 </tr>
+<tr class="odd">
+<td align="left">Linux</td>
+<td align="left">Ryzen 9 7950X</td>
+<td align="left">4.2.3</td>
+<td align="left">1.2.3</td>
+<td align="right">0.797</td>
+<td align="right">2.124</td>
+<td align="right">1.182</td>
+</tr>
 </tbody>
 </table>
 </div>
@@ -935,6 +952,18 @@ dataset, i.e. one fit for each test.</p>
 <td align="right">0.716</td>
 <td align="right">0.949</td>
 </tr>
+<tr class="odd">
+<td align="left">Linux</td>
+<td align="left">Ryzen 9 7950X</td>
+<td align="left">4.2.3</td>
+<td align="left">1.2.3</td>
+<td align="right">0.432</td>
+<td align="right">0.551</td>
+<td align="right">0.616</td>
+<td align="right">1.039</td>
+<td align="right">0.734</td>
+<td align="right">0.981</td>
+</tr>
 </tbody>
 </table>
 </div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/articles/web_only/compiled_models.html b/docs/dev/articles/web_only/compiled_models.html
index e9d80420..e7905860 100644
--- a/docs/dev/articles/web_only/compiled_models.html
+++ b/docs/dev/articles/web_only/compiled_models.html
@@ -34,14 +34,14 @@
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
 <li>
-  <a href="../../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -53,6 +53,9 @@
 <li>
       <a href="../../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -60,22 +63,31 @@
       <a href="../../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
     </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -83,6 +95,15 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul>
 </li>
 <li>
@@ -106,13 +127,15 @@
 
       
 
-      </header><script src="compiled_models_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
+      </header><div class="row">
   <div class="col-md-9 contents">
     <div class="page-header toc-ignore">
-      <h1 data-toc-skip>Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</h1>
-                        <h4 data-toc-skip class="author">Johannes Ranke</h4>
+      <h1 data-toc-skip>Performance benefit by using compiled model
+definitions in mkin</h1>
+                        <h4 data-toc-skip class="author">Johannes
+Ranke</h4>
             
-            <h4 data-toc-skip class="date">2022-11-24</h4>
+            <h4 data-toc-skip class="date">2023-04-16</h4>
       
       <small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/jranke/mkin/blob/HEAD/vignettes/web_only/compiled_models.rmd" class="external-link"><code>vignettes/web_only/compiled_models.rmd</code></a></small>
       <div class="hidden name"><code>compiled_models.rmd</code></div>
@@ -124,23 +147,39 @@
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="how-to-benefit-from-compiled-models">How to benefit from compiled models<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#how-to-benefit-from-compiled-models"></a>
 </h2>
-<p>When using an mkin version equal to or greater than 0.9-36 and a C compiler is available, you will see a message that the model is being compiled from autogenerated C code when defining a model using mkinmod. Starting from version 0.9.49.9, the <code><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinmod()</a></code> function checks for presence of a compiler using</p>
+<p>When using an mkin version equal to or greater than 0.9-36 and a C
+compiler is available, you will see a message that the model is being
+compiled from autogenerated C code when defining a model using mkinmod.
+Starting from version 0.9.49.9, the <code><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinmod()</a></code> function
+checks for presence of a compiler using</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
-<code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu">pkgbuild</span><span class="fu">::</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/pkgbuild/man/has_compiler.html" class="external-link">has_compiler</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
-<p>In previous versions, it used <code>Sys.which("gcc")</code> for this check.</p>
-<p>On Linux, you need to have the essential build tools like make and gcc or clang installed. On Debian based linux distributions, these will be pulled in by installing the build-essential package.</p>
-<p>On MacOS, which I do not use personally, I have had reports that a compiler is available by default.</p>
-<p>On Windows, you need to install Rtools and have the path to its bin directory in your PATH variable. You do not need to modify the PATH variable when installing Rtools. Instead, I would recommend to put the line</p>
+<code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu">pkgbuild</span><span class="fu">::</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://r-lib.github.io/pkgbuild/reference/has_compiler.html" class="external-link">has_compiler</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
+<p>In previous versions, it used <code>Sys.which("gcc")</code> for this
+check.</p>
+<p>On Linux, you need to have the essential build tools like make and
+gcc or clang installed. On Debian based linux distributions, these will
+be pulled in by installing the build-essential package.</p>
+<p>On MacOS, which I do not use personally, I have had reports that a
+compiler is available by default.</p>
+<p>On Windows, you need to install Rtools and have the path to its bin
+directory in your PATH variable. You do not need to modify the PATH
+variable when installing Rtools. Instead, I would recommend to put the
+line</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/Sys.setenv.html" class="external-link">Sys.setenv</a></span><span class="op">(</span>PATH <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/paste.html" class="external-link">paste</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"C:/Rtools/bin"</span>, <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/Sys.getenv.html" class="external-link">Sys.getenv</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"PATH"</span><span class="op">)</span>, sep<span class="op">=</span><span class="st">";"</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
-<p>into your .Rprofile startup file. This is just a text file with some R code that is executed when your R session starts. It has to be named .Rprofile and has to be located in your home directory, which will generally be your Documents folder. You can check the location of the home directory used by R by issuing</p>
+<p>into your .Rprofile startup file. This is just a text file with some
+R code that is executed when your R session starts. It has to be named
+.Rprofile and has to be located in your home directory, which will
+generally be your Documents folder. You can check the location of the
+home directory used by R by issuing</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb3"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/Sys.getenv.html" class="external-link">Sys.getenv</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"HOME"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 </div>
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="comparison-with-other-solution-methods">Comparison with other solution methods<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#comparison-with-other-solution-methods"></a>
 </h2>
-<p>First, we build a simple degradation model for a parent compound with one metabolite, and we remove zero values from the dataset.</p>
+<p>First, we build a simple degradation model for a parent compound with
+one metabolite, and we remove zero values from the dataset.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb4"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st"><a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/">"mkin"</a></span>, quietly <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="va">SFO_SFO</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinmod</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span>
@@ -149,7 +188,12 @@
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## Temporary DLL for differentials generated and loaded</span></span></code></pre>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb6"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">FOCUS_D</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/subset.html" class="external-link">subset</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">FOCUS_2006_D</span>, <span class="va">value</span> <span class="op">!=</span> <span class="fl">0</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
-<p>We can compare the performance of the Eigenvalue based solution against the compiled version and the R implementation of the differential equations using the benchmark package. In the output of below code, the warnings about zero being removed from the FOCUS D dataset are suppressed. Since mkin version 0.9.49.11, an analytical solution is also implemented, which is included in the tests below.</p>
+<p>We can compare the performance of the Eigenvalue based solution
+against the compiled version and the R implementation of the
+differential equations using the benchmark package. In the output of
+below code, the warnings about zero being removed from the FOCUS D
+dataset are suppressed. Since mkin version 0.9.49.11, an analytical
+solution is also implemented, which is included in the tests below.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb7"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">require</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va"><a href="http://rbenchmark.googlecode.com" class="external-link">rbenchmark</a></span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span>
 <span>  <span class="va">b.1</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/rbenchmark/man/benchmark.html" class="external-link">benchmark</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span>
@@ -170,16 +214,20 @@
 <span>  <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/print.html" class="external-link">print</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"R package rbenchmark is not available"</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="op">}</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">##                    test replications relative elapsed</span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## 4            analytical            1    1.000   0.221</span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## 3     deSolve, compiled            1    1.561   0.345</span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## 2      Eigenvalue based            1    1.932   0.427</span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## 1 deSolve, not compiled            1   33.629   7.432</span></span></code></pre>
-<p>We see that using the compiled model is by more than a factor of 10 faster than using deSolve without compiled code.</p>
+<span><span class="co">## 4            analytical            1    1.000   0.105</span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## 3     deSolve, compiled            1    1.276   0.134</span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## 2      Eigenvalue based            1    1.762   0.185</span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## 1 deSolve, not compiled            1   21.914   2.301</span></span></code></pre>
+<p>We see that using the compiled model is by more than a factor of 10
+faster than using deSolve without compiled code.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="model-without-analytical-solution">Model without analytical solution<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#model-without-analytical-solution"></a>
 </h2>
-<p>This evaluation is also taken from the example section of mkinfit. No analytical solution is available for this system, and now Eigenvalue based solution is possible, so only deSolve using with or without compiled code is available.</p>
+<p>This evaluation is also taken from the example section of mkinfit. No
+analytical solution is available for this system, and now Eigenvalue
+based solution is possible, so only deSolve using with or without
+compiled code is available.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb9"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">require</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va"><a href="http://rbenchmark.googlecode.com" class="external-link">rbenchmark</a></span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span>
 <span>  <span class="va">FOMC_SFO</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mkinmod.html">mkinmod</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span>
@@ -200,14 +248,15 @@
 <span><span class="op">}</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## Temporary DLL for differentials generated and loaded</span></span></code></pre>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">##                    test replications relative elapsed</span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## 2     deSolve, compiled            1    1.000   0.482</span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## 1 deSolve, not compiled            1   27.865  13.431</span></span></code></pre>
-<p>Here we get a performance benefit of a factor of 28 using the version of the differential equation model compiled from C code!</p>
-<p>This vignette was built with mkin 1.2.2 on</p>
-<pre><code><span><span class="co">## R version 4.2.2 (2022-10-31)</span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## 2     deSolve, compiled            1    1.000   0.176</span></span>
+<span><span class="co">## 1 deSolve, not compiled            1   23.938   4.213</span></span></code></pre>
+<p>Here we get a performance benefit of a factor of 24 using the version
+of the differential equation model compiled from C code!</p>
+<p>This vignette was built with mkin 1.2.3 on</p>
+<pre><code><span><span class="co">## R version 4.2.3 (2023-03-15)</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit)</span></span>
-<span><span class="co">## Running under: Debian GNU/Linux 11 (bullseye)</span></span></code></pre>
-<pre><code><span><span class="co">## CPU model: AMD Ryzen 7 1700 Eight-Core Processor</span></span></code></pre>
+<span><span class="co">## Running under: Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm)</span></span></code></pre>
+<pre><code><span><span class="co">## CPU model: AMD Ryzen 9 7950X 16-Core Processor</span></span></code></pre>
 </div>
   </div>
 
@@ -228,7 +277,7 @@
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
   <p></p>
-<p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+<p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer>
diff --git a/docs/dev/articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html b/docs/dev/articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html
index ec7f54d8..eb4a11a5 100644
--- a/docs/dev/articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html
+++ b/docs/dev/articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html
@@ -34,14 +34,14 @@
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
 <li>
-  <a href="../../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -53,6 +53,9 @@
 <li>
       <a href="../../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -60,22 +63,31 @@
       <a href="../../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
     </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -83,6 +95,15 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul>
 </li>
 <li>
@@ -106,13 +127,16 @@
 
       
 
-      </header><script src="dimethenamid_2018_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
+      </header><div class="row">
   <div class="col-md-9 contents">
     <div class="page-header toc-ignore">
-      <h1 data-toc-skip>Example evaluations of the dimethenamid data from 2018</h1>
-                        <h4 data-toc-skip class="author">Johannes Ranke</h4>
+      <h1 data-toc-skip>Example evaluations of the dimethenamid data
+from 2018</h1>
+                        <h4 data-toc-skip class="author">Johannes
+Ranke</h4>
             
-            <h4 data-toc-skip class="date">Last change 1 July 2022, built on 24 Nov 2022</h4>
+            <h4 data-toc-skip class="date">Last change 1 July 2022,
+built on 16 Apr 2023</h4>
       
       <small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/jranke/mkin/blob/HEAD/vignettes/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.rmd" class="external-link"><code>vignettes/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.rmd</code></a></small>
       <div class="hidden name"><code>dimethenamid_2018.rmd</code></div>
@@ -121,19 +145,48 @@
 
     
     
-<p><a href="http://www.jrwb.de" class="external-link">Wissenschaftlicher Berater, Kronacher Str. 12, 79639 Grenzach-Wyhlen, Germany</a></p>
+<p><a href="http://www.jrwb.de" class="external-link">Wissenschaftlicher Berater, Kronacher
+Str. 12, 79639 Grenzach-Wyhlen, Germany</a></p>
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="introduction">Introduction<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#introduction"></a>
 </h2>
-<p>A first analysis of the data analysed here was presented in a recent journal article on nonlinear mixed-effects models in degradation kinetics <span class="citation">(Ranke et al. 2021)</span>. That analysis was based on the <code>nlme</code> package and a development version of the <code>saemix</code> package that was unpublished at the time. Meanwhile, version 3.0 of the <code>saemix</code> package is available from the CRAN repository. Also, it turned out that there was an error in the handling of the Borstel data in the mkin package at the time, leading to the duplication of a few data points from that soil. The dataset in the mkin package has been corrected, and the interface to <code>saemix</code> in the mkin package has been updated to use the released version.</p>
-<p>This vignette is intended to present an up to date analysis of the data, using the corrected dataset and released versions of <code>mkin</code> and <code>saemix</code>.</p>
+<p>A first analysis of the data analysed here was presented in a recent
+journal article on nonlinear mixed-effects models in degradation
+kinetics <span class="citation">(Ranke et al. 2021)</span>. That
+analysis was based on the <code>nlme</code> package and a development
+version of the <code>saemix</code> package that was unpublished at the
+time. Meanwhile, version 3.0 of the <code>saemix</code> package is
+available from the CRAN repository. Also, it turned out that there was
+an error in the handling of the Borstel data in the mkin package at the
+time, leading to the duplication of a few data points from that soil.
+The dataset in the mkin package has been corrected, and the interface to
+<code>saemix</code> in the mkin package has been updated to use the
+released version.</p>
+<p>This vignette is intended to present an up to date analysis of the
+data, using the corrected dataset and released versions of
+<code>mkin</code> and <code>saemix</code>.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="data">Data<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#data"></a>
 </h2>
-<p>Residue data forming the basis for the endpoints derived in the conclusion on the peer review of the pesticide risk assessment of dimethenamid-P published by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) in 2018 <span class="citation">(EFSA 2018)</span> were transcribed from the risk assessment report <span class="citation">(Rapporteur Member State Germany, Co-Rapporteur Member State Bulgaria 2018)</span> which can be downloaded from the Open EFSA repository <a href="https://open.efsa.europa.eu" class="external-link">https://open.efsa.europa.eu/study-inventory/EFSA-Q-2014-00716</a>.</p>
-<p>The data are <a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/reference/dimethenamid_2018.html">available in the mkin package</a>. The following code (hidden by default, please use the button to the right to show it) treats the data available for the racemic mixture dimethenamid (DMTA) and its enantiomer dimethenamid-P (DMTAP) in the same way, as no difference between their degradation behaviour was identified in the EU risk assessment. The observation times of each dataset are multiplied with the corresponding normalisation factor also available in the dataset, in order to make it possible to describe all datasets with a single set of parameters.</p>
-<p>Also, datasets observed in the same soil are merged, resulting in dimethenamid (DMTA) data from six soils.</p>
+<p>Residue data forming the basis for the endpoints derived in the
+conclusion on the peer review of the pesticide risk assessment of
+dimethenamid-P published by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) in
+2018 <span class="citation">(EFSA 2018)</span> were transcribed from the
+risk assessment report <span class="citation">(Rapporteur Member State
+Germany, Co-Rapporteur Member State Bulgaria 2018)</span> which can be
+downloaded from the Open EFSA repository <a href="https://open.efsa.europa.eu" class="external-link">https://open.efsa.europa.eu/study-inventory/EFSA-Q-2014-00716</a>.</p>
+<p>The data are <a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/reference/dimethenamid_2018.html">available
+in the mkin package</a>. The following code (hidden by default, please
+use the button to the right to show it) treats the data available for
+the racemic mixture dimethenamid (DMTA) and its enantiomer
+dimethenamid-P (DMTAP) in the same way, as no difference between their
+degradation behaviour was identified in the EU risk assessment. The
+observation times of each dataset are multiplied with the corresponding
+normalisation factor also available in the dataset, in order to make it
+possible to describe all datasets with a single set of parameters.</p>
+<p>Also, datasets observed in the same soil are merged, resulting in
+dimethenamid (DMTA) data from six soils.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va"><a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/">mkin</a></span>, quietly <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="va">dmta_ds</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/lapply.html" class="external-link">lapply</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">7</span>, <span class="kw">function</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">i</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span>
@@ -150,34 +203,60 @@
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="parent-degradation">Parent degradation<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#parent-degradation"></a>
 </h2>
-<p>We evaluate the observed degradation of the parent compound using simple exponential decline (SFO) and biexponential decline (DFOP), using constant variance (const) and a two-component variance (tc) as error models.</p>
+<p>We evaluate the observed degradation of the parent compound using
+simple exponential decline (SFO) and biexponential decline (DFOP), using
+constant variance (const) and a two-component variance (tc) as error
+models.</p>
 <div class="section level3">
 <h3 id="separate-evaluations">Separate evaluations<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#separate-evaluations"></a>
 </h3>
-<p>As a first step, to get a visual impression of the fit of the different models, we do separate evaluations for each soil using the mmkin function from the mkin package:</p>
+<p>As a first step, to get a visual impression of the fit of the
+different models, we do separate evaluations for each soil using the
+mmkin function from the mkin package:</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">f_parent_mkin_const</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mmkin.html">mmkin</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="st">"DFOP"</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="va">dmta_ds</span>,</span>
 <span>  error_model <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"const"</span>, quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="va">f_parent_mkin_tc</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mmkin.html">mmkin</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="st">"DFOP"</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="va">dmta_ds</span>,</span>
 <span>  error_model <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"tc"</span>, quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
-<p>The plot of the individual SFO fits shown below suggests that at least in some datasets the degradation slows down towards later time points, and that the scatter of the residuals error is smaller for smaller values (panel to the right):</p>
+<p>The plot of the individual SFO fits shown below suggests that at
+least in some datasets the degradation slows down towards later time
+points, and that the scatter of the residuals error is smaller for
+smaller values (panel to the right):</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb3"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/plot.html" class="external-link">plot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mixed.html">mixed</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_parent_mkin_const</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="op">]</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p><img src="dimethenamid_2018_files/figure-html/f_parent_mkin_sfo_const-1.png" width="700"></p>
-<p>Using biexponential decline (DFOP) results in a slightly more random scatter of the residuals:</p>
+<p>Using biexponential decline (DFOP) results in a slightly more random
+scatter of the residuals:</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb4"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/plot.html" class="external-link">plot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mixed.html">mixed</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_parent_mkin_const</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="st">"DFOP"</span>, <span class="op">]</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p><img src="dimethenamid_2018_files/figure-html/f_parent_mkin_dfop_const-1.png" width="700"></p>
-<p>The population curve (bold line) in the above plot results from taking the mean of the individual transformed parameters, i.e. of log k1 and log k2, as well as of the logit of the g parameter of the DFOP model). Here, this procedure does not result in parameters that represent the degradation well, because in some datasets the fitted value for k2 is extremely close to zero, leading to a log k2 value that dominates the average. This is alleviated if only rate constants that pass the t-test for significant difference from zero (on the untransformed scale) are considered in the averaging:</p>
+<p>The population curve (bold line) in the above plot results from
+taking the mean of the individual transformed parameters, i.e. of log k1
+and log k2, as well as of the logit of the g parameter of the DFOP
+model). Here, this procedure does not result in parameters that
+represent the degradation well, because in some datasets the fitted
+value for k2 is extremely close to zero, leading to a log k2 value that
+dominates the average. This is alleviated if only rate constants that
+pass the t-test for significant difference from zero (on the
+untransformed scale) are considered in the averaging:</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/plot.html" class="external-link">plot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mixed.html">mixed</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_parent_mkin_const</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="st">"DFOP"</span>, <span class="op">]</span><span class="op">)</span>, test_log_parms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p><img src="dimethenamid_2018_files/figure-html/f_parent_mkin_dfop_const_test-1.png" width="700"></p>
-<p>While this is visually much more satisfactory, such an average procedure could introduce a bias, as not all results from the individual fits enter the population curve with the same weight. This is where nonlinear mixed-effects models can help out by treating all datasets with equally by fitting a parameter distribution model together with the degradation model and the error model (see below).</p>
-<p>The remaining trend of the residuals to be higher for higher predicted residues is reduced by using the two-component error model:</p>
+<p>While this is visually much more satisfactory, such an average
+procedure could introduce a bias, as not all results from the individual
+fits enter the population curve with the same weight. This is where
+nonlinear mixed-effects models can help out by treating all datasets
+with equally by fitting a parameter distribution model together with the
+degradation model and the error model (see below).</p>
+<p>The remaining trend of the residuals to be higher for higher
+predicted residues is reduced by using the two-component error
+model:</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb6"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/plot.html" class="external-link">plot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mixed.html">mixed</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_parent_mkin_tc</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="st">"DFOP"</span>, <span class="op">]</span><span class="op">)</span>, test_log_parms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p><img src="dimethenamid_2018_files/figure-html/f_parent_mkin_dfop_tc_test-1.png" width="700"></p>
-<p>However, note that in the case of using this error model, the fits to the Flaach and BBA 2.3 datasets appear to be ill-defined, indicated by the fact that they did not converge:</p>
+<p>However, note that in the case of using this error model, the fits to
+the Flaach and BBA 2.3 datasets appear to be ill-defined, indicated by
+the fact that they did not converge:</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb7"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/print.html" class="external-link">print</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_parent_mkin_tc</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="st">"DFOP"</span>, <span class="op">]</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <pre><code>&lt;mmkin&gt; object
@@ -194,19 +273,46 @@ OK: No warnings</code></pre>
 <div class="section level3">
 <h3 id="nonlinear-mixed-effects-models">Nonlinear mixed-effects models<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nonlinear-mixed-effects-models"></a>
 </h3>
-<p>Instead of taking a model selection decision for each of the individual fits, we fit nonlinear mixed-effects models (using different fitting algorithms as implemented in different packages) and do model selection using all available data at the same time. In order to make sure that these decisions are not unduly influenced by the type of algorithm used, by implementation details or by the use of wrong control parameters, we compare the model selection results obtained with different R packages, with different algorithms and checking control parameters.</p>
+<p>Instead of taking a model selection decision for each of the
+individual fits, we fit nonlinear mixed-effects models (using different
+fitting algorithms as implemented in different packages) and do model
+selection using all available data at the same time. In order to make
+sure that these decisions are not unduly influenced by the type of
+algorithm used, by implementation details or by the use of wrong control
+parameters, we compare the model selection results obtained with
+different R packages, with different algorithms and checking control
+parameters.</p>
 <div class="section level4">
 <h4 id="nlme">nlme<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#nlme"></a>
 </h4>
-<p>The nlme package was the first R extension providing facilities to fit nonlinear mixed-effects models. We would like to do model selection from all four combinations of degradation models and error models based on the AIC. However, fitting the DFOP model with constant variance and using default control parameters results in an error, signalling that the maximum number of 50 iterations was reached, potentially indicating overparameterisation. Nevertheless, the algorithm converges when the two-component error model is used in combination with the DFOP model. This can be explained by the fact that the smaller residues observed at later sampling times get more weight when using the two-component error model which will counteract the tendency of the algorithm to try parameter combinations unsuitable for fitting these data.</p>
+<p>The nlme package was the first R extension providing facilities to
+fit nonlinear mixed-effects models. We would like to do model selection
+from all four combinations of degradation models and error models based
+on the AIC. However, fitting the DFOP model with constant variance and
+using default control parameters results in an error, signalling that
+the maximum number of 50 iterations was reached, potentially indicating
+overparameterisation. Nevertheless, the algorithm converges when the
+two-component error model is used in combination with the DFOP model.
+This can be explained by the fact that the smaller residues observed at
+later sampling times get more weight when using the two-component error
+model which will counteract the tendency of the algorithm to try
+parameter combinations unsuitable for fitting these data.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb9"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va"><a href="https://svn.r-project.org/R-packages/trunk/nlme/" class="external-link">nlme</a></span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="va">f_parent_nlme_sfo_const</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/nlme/man/nlme.html" class="external-link">nlme</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_parent_mkin_const</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="op">]</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="co"># f_parent_nlme_dfop_const &lt;- nlme(f_parent_mkin_const["DFOP", ])</span></span>
 <span><span class="va">f_parent_nlme_sfo_tc</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/nlme/man/nlme.html" class="external-link">nlme</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_parent_mkin_tc</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="op">]</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="va">f_parent_nlme_dfop_tc</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/nlme/man/nlme.html" class="external-link">nlme</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_parent_mkin_tc</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="st">"DFOP"</span>, <span class="op">]</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
-<p>Note that a certain degree of overparameterisation is also indicated by a warning obtained when fitting DFOP with the two-component error model (‘false convergence’ in the ‘LME step’ in iteration 3). However, as this warning does not occur in later iterations, and specifically not in the last of the 6 iterations, we can ignore this warning.</p>
-<p>The model comparison function of the nlme package can directly be applied to these fits showing a much lower AIC for the DFOP model fitted with the two-component error model. Also, the likelihood ratio test indicates that this difference is significant as the p-value is below 0.0001.</p>
+<p>Note that a certain degree of overparameterisation is also indicated
+by a warning obtained when fitting DFOP with the two-component error
+model (‘false convergence’ in the ‘LME step’ in iteration 3). However,
+as this warning does not occur in later iterations, and specifically not
+in the last of the 5 iterations, we can ignore this warning.</p>
+<p>The model comparison function of the nlme package can directly be
+applied to these fits showing a much lower AIC for the DFOP model fitted
+with the two-component error model. Also, the likelihood ratio test
+indicates that this difference is significant as the p-value is below
+0.0001.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb10"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/stats/anova.html" class="external-link">anova</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span>
 <span>  <span class="va">f_parent_nlme_sfo_const</span>, <span class="va">f_parent_nlme_sfo_tc</span>, <span class="va">f_parent_nlme_dfop_tc</span></span>
@@ -215,7 +321,10 @@ OK: No warnings</code></pre>
 f_parent_nlme_sfo_const     1  5 796.60 811.82 -393.30                       
 f_parent_nlme_sfo_tc        2  6 798.60 816.86 -393.30 1 vs 2    0.00   0.998
 f_parent_nlme_dfop_tc       3 10 671.91 702.34 -325.96 2 vs 3  134.69  &lt;.0001</code></pre>
-<p>In addition to these fits, attempts were also made to include correlations between random effects by using the log Cholesky parameterisation of the matrix specifying them. The code used for these attempts can be made visible below.</p>
+<p>In addition to these fits, attempts were also made to include
+correlations between random effects by using the log Cholesky
+parameterisation of the matrix specifying them. The code used for these
+attempts can be made visible below.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb12"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">f_parent_nlme_sfo_const_logchol</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/nlme/man/nlme.html" class="external-link">nlme</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_parent_mkin_const</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="op">]</span>,</span>
 <span>  random <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu">nlme</span><span class="fu">::</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/nlme/man/pdLogChol.html" class="external-link">pdLogChol</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/list.html" class="external-link">list</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">DMTA_0</span> <span class="op">~</span> <span class="fl">1</span>, <span class="va">log_k_DMTA</span> <span class="op">~</span> <span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
@@ -226,8 +335,12 @@ f_parent_nlme_dfop_tc       3 10 671.91 702.34 -325.96 2 vs 3  134.69  &lt;.0001
 <span><span class="va">f_parent_nlme_dfop_tc_logchol</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/nlme/man/nlme.html" class="external-link">nlme</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_parent_mkin_const</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="st">"DFOP"</span>, <span class="op">]</span>,</span>
 <span>  random <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu">nlme</span><span class="fu">::</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/nlme/man/pdLogChol.html" class="external-link">pdLogChol</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/list.html" class="external-link">list</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">DMTA_0</span> <span class="op">~</span> <span class="fl">1</span>, <span class="va">log_k1</span> <span class="op">~</span> <span class="fl">1</span>, <span class="va">log_k2</span> <span class="op">~</span> <span class="fl">1</span>, <span class="va">g_qlogis</span> <span class="op">~</span> <span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/stats/anova.html" class="external-link">anova</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_parent_nlme_dfop_tc</span>, <span class="va">f_parent_nlme_dfop_tc_logchol</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
-<p>While the SFO variants converge fast, the additional parameters introduced by this lead to convergence warnings for the DFOP model. The model comparison clearly show that adding correlations between random effects does not improve the fits.</p>
-<p>The selected model (DFOP with two-component error) fitted to the data assuming no correlations between random effects is shown below.</p>
+<p>While the SFO variants converge fast, the additional parameters
+introduced by this lead to convergence warnings for the DFOP model. The
+model comparison clearly show that adding correlations between random
+effects does not improve the fits.</p>
+<p>The selected model (DFOP with two-component error) fitted to the data
+assuming no correlations between random effects is shown below.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb13"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/plot.html" class="external-link">plot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_parent_nlme_dfop_tc</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p><img src="dimethenamid_2018_files/figure-html/plot_parent_nlme-1.png" width="700"></p>
@@ -235,8 +348,16 @@ f_parent_nlme_dfop_tc       3 10 671.91 702.34 -325.96 2 vs 3  134.69  &lt;.0001
 <div class="section level4">
 <h4 id="saemix">saemix<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#saemix"></a>
 </h4>
-<p>The saemix package provided the first Open Source implementation of the Stochastic Approximation to the Expectation Maximisation (SAEM) algorithm. SAEM fits of degradation models can be conveniently performed using an interface to the saemix package available in current development versions of the mkin package.</p>
-<p>The corresponding SAEM fits of the four combinations of degradation and error models are fitted below. As there is no convergence criterion implemented in the saemix package, the convergence plots need to be manually checked for every fit. We define control settings that work well for all the parent data fits shown in this vignette.</p>
+<p>The saemix package provided the first Open Source implementation of
+the Stochastic Approximation to the Expectation Maximisation (SAEM)
+algorithm. SAEM fits of degradation models can be conveniently performed
+using an interface to the saemix package available in current
+development versions of the mkin package.</p>
+<p>The corresponding SAEM fits of the four combinations of degradation
+and error models are fitted below. As there is no convergence criterion
+implemented in the saemix package, the convergence plots need to be
+manually checked for every fit. We define control settings that work
+well for all the parent data fits shown in this vignette.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb14"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">saemix</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="va">saemix_control</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/saemix/man/saemixControl.html" class="external-link">saemixControl</a></span><span class="op">(</span>nbiter.saemix <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">800</span>, <span class="fl">300</span><span class="op">)</span>, nb.chains <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">15</span>,</span>
@@ -245,19 +366,23 @@ f_parent_nlme_dfop_tc       3 10 671.91 702.34 -325.96 2 vs 3  134.69  &lt;.0001
 <span>    print <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>, save <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>, save.graphs <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>, displayProgress <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="va">saemix_control_10k</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/saemix/man/saemixControl.html" class="external-link">saemixControl</a></span><span class="op">(</span>nbiter.saemix <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">10000</span>, <span class="fl">300</span><span class="op">)</span>, nb.chains <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">15</span>,</span>
 <span>    print <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>, save <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>, save.graphs <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>, displayProgress <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
-<p>The convergence plot for the SFO model using constant variance is shown below.</p>
+<p>The convergence plot for the SFO model using constant variance is
+shown below.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb15"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">f_parent_saemix_sfo_const</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">mkin</span><span class="fu">::</span><span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/saem.html">saem</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_parent_mkin_const</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="op">]</span>, quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>,</span>
 <span>  control <span class="op">=</span> <span class="va">saemix_control</span>, transformations <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"saemix"</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/plot.html" class="external-link">plot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_parent_saemix_sfo_const</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">so</span>, plot.type <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"convergence"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p><img src="dimethenamid_2018_files/figure-html/f_parent_saemix_sfo_const-1.png" width="700"></p>
-<p>Obviously the selected number of iterations is sufficient to reach convergence. This can also be said for the SFO fit using the two-component error model.</p>
+<p>Obviously the selected number of iterations is sufficient to reach
+convergence. This can also be said for the SFO fit using the
+two-component error model.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb16"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">f_parent_saemix_sfo_tc</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">mkin</span><span class="fu">::</span><span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/saem.html">saem</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_parent_mkin_tc</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="op">]</span>, quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>,</span>
 <span>  control <span class="op">=</span> <span class="va">saemix_control</span>, transformations <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"saemix"</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/plot.html" class="external-link">plot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_parent_saemix_sfo_tc</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">so</span>, plot.type <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"convergence"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p><img src="dimethenamid_2018_files/figure-html/f_parent_saemix_sfo_tc-1.png" width="700"></p>
-<p>When fitting the DFOP model with constant variance (see below), parameter convergence is not as unambiguous.</p>
+<p>When fitting the DFOP model with constant variance (see below),
+parameter convergence is not as unambiguous.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb17"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">f_parent_saemix_dfop_const</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">mkin</span><span class="fu">::</span><span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/saem.html">saem</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_parent_mkin_const</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="st">"DFOP"</span>, <span class="op">]</span>, quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>,</span>
 <span>  control <span class="op">=</span> <span class="va">saemix_control</span>, transformations <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"saemix"</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
@@ -284,13 +409,21 @@ DMTA_0    97.99583 96.50079 99.4909
 k1         0.06377  0.03432  0.0932
 k2         0.00848  0.00444  0.0125
 g          0.95701  0.91313  1.0009
-a.1        1.82141  1.65974  1.9831
-SD.DMTA_0  1.64787  0.45779  2.8379
+a.1        1.82141  1.65122  1.9916
+SD.DMTA_0  1.64787  0.45772  2.8380
 SD.k1      0.57439  0.24731  0.9015
-SD.k2      0.03296 -2.50143  2.5673
-SD.g       1.10266  0.32371  1.8816</code></pre>
-<p>While the other parameters converge to credible values, the variance of k2 (<code>omega2.k2</code>) converges to a very small value. The printout of the <code>saem.mmkin</code> model shows that the estimated standard deviation of k2 across the population of soils (<code>SD.k2</code>) is ill-defined, indicating overparameterisation of this model.</p>
-<p>When the DFOP model is fitted with the two-component error model, we also observe that the estimated variance of k2 becomes very small, while being ill-defined, as illustrated by the excessive confidence interval of <code>SD.k2</code>.</p>
+SD.k2      0.03296 -2.50195  2.5679
+SD.g       1.10266  0.32369  1.8816</code></pre>
+<p>While the other parameters converge to credible values, the variance
+of k2 (<code>omega2.k2</code>) converges to a very small value. The
+printout of the <code>saem.mmkin</code> model shows that the estimated
+standard deviation of k2 across the population of soils
+(<code>SD.k2</code>) is ill-defined, indicating overparameterisation of
+this model.</p>
+<p>When the DFOP model is fitted with the two-component error model, we
+also observe that the estimated variance of k2 becomes very small, while
+being ill-defined, as illustrated by the excessive confidence interval
+of <code>SD.k2</code>.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb20"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">f_parent_saemix_dfop_tc</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">mkin</span><span class="fu">::</span><span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/saem.html">saem</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_parent_mkin_tc</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="st">"DFOP"</span>, <span class="op">]</span>, quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>,</span>
 <span>  control <span class="op">=</span> <span class="va">saemix_control</span>, transformations <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"saemix"</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
@@ -325,9 +458,21 @@ SD.DMTA_0  2.06075   0.4187   3.7028
 SD.k1      0.59357   0.2561   0.9310
 SD.k2      0.00292 -10.2960  10.3019
 SD.g       1.05725   0.3808   1.7337</code></pre>
-<p>Doubling the number of iterations in the first phase of the algorithm leads to a slightly lower likelihood, and therefore to slightly higher AIC and BIC values. With even more iterations, the algorithm stops with an error message. This is related to the variance of k2 approximating zero and has been submitted as a <a href="https://github.com/saemixdevelopment/saemixextension/issues/29" class="external-link">bug to the saemix package</a>, as the algorithm does not converge in this case.</p>
-<p>An alternative way to fit DFOP in combination with the two-component error model is to use the model formulation with transformed parameters as used per default in mkin. When using this option, convergence is slower, but eventually the algorithm stops as well with the same error message.</p>
-<p>The four combinations (SFO/const, SFO/tc, DFOP/const and DFOP/tc) and the version with increased iterations can be compared using the model comparison function of the saemix package:</p>
+<p>Doubling the number of iterations in the first phase of the algorithm
+leads to a slightly lower likelihood, and therefore to slightly higher
+AIC and BIC values. With even more iterations, the algorithm stops with
+an error message. This is related to the variance of k2 approximating
+zero and has been submitted as a <a href="https://github.com/saemixdevelopment/saemixextension/issues/29" class="external-link">bug
+to the saemix package</a>, as the algorithm does not converge in this
+case.</p>
+<p>An alternative way to fit DFOP in combination with the two-component
+error model is to use the model formulation with transformed parameters
+as used per default in mkin. When using this option, convergence is
+slower, but eventually the algorithm stops as well with the same error
+message.</p>
+<p>The four combinations (SFO/const, SFO/tc, DFOP/const and DFOP/tc) and
+the version with increased iterations can be compared using the model
+comparison function of the saemix package:</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb23"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">AIC_parent_saemix</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">saemix</span><span class="fu">::</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/saemix/man/compare.saemix.html" class="external-link">compare.saemix</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span>
 <span>  <span class="va">f_parent_saemix_sfo_const</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">so</span>,</span>
@@ -346,7 +491,10 @@ SFO tc                  798.38 797.13
 DFOP const              705.75 703.88
 DFOP tc                 665.65 663.57
 DFOP tc more iterations 665.88 663.80</code></pre>
-<p>In order to check the influence of the likelihood calculation algorithms implemented in saemix, the likelihood from Gaussian quadrature is added to the best fit, and the AIC values obtained from the three methods are compared.</p>
+<p>In order to check the influence of the likelihood calculation
+algorithms implemented in saemix, the likelihood from Gaussian
+quadrature is added to the best fit, and the AIC values obtained from
+the three methods are compared.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb27"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">f_parent_saemix_dfop_tc</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">so</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span></span>
 <span>  <span class="fu">saemix</span><span class="fu">::</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/saemix/man/llgq.saemix.html" class="external-link">llgq.saemix</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_parent_saemix_dfop_tc</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">so</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
@@ -358,9 +506,19 @@ DFOP tc more iterations 665.88 663.80</code></pre>
 <span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/print.html" class="external-link">print</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">AIC_parent_saemix_methods</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <pre><code>    is     gq    lin 
 665.65 665.68 665.11 </code></pre>
-<p>The AIC values based on importance sampling and Gaussian quadrature are very similar. Using linearisation is known to be less accurate, but still gives a similar value.</p>
-<p>In order to illustrate that the comparison of the three method depends on the degree of convergence obtained in the fit, the same comparison is shown below for the fit using the defaults for the number of iterations and the number of MCMC chains.</p>
-<p>When using OpenBlas for linear algebra, there is a large difference in the values obtained with Gaussian quadrature, so the larger number of iterations makes a lot of difference. When using the LAPACK version coming with Debian Bullseye, the AIC based on Gaussian quadrature is almost the same as the one obtained with the other methods, also when using defaults for the fit.</p>
+<p>The AIC values based on importance sampling and Gaussian quadrature
+are very similar. Using linearisation is known to be less accurate, but
+still gives a similar value.</p>
+<p>In order to illustrate that the comparison of the three method
+depends on the degree of convergence obtained in the fit, the same
+comparison is shown below for the fit using the defaults for the number
+of iterations and the number of MCMC chains.</p>
+<p>When using OpenBlas for linear algebra, there is a large difference
+in the values obtained with Gaussian quadrature, so the larger number of
+iterations makes a lot of difference. When using the LAPACK version
+coming with Debian Bullseye, the AIC based on Gaussian quadrature is
+almost the same as the one obtained with the other methods, also when
+using defaults for the fit.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb29"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">f_parent_saemix_dfop_tc_defaults</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">mkin</span><span class="fu">::</span><span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/saem.html">saem</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_parent_mkin_tc</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="st">"DFOP"</span>, <span class="op">]</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="va">f_parent_saemix_dfop_tc_defaults</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">so</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span></span>
@@ -378,7 +536,9 @@ DFOP tc more iterations 665.88 663.80</code></pre>
 <div class="section level3">
 <h3 id="comparison">Comparison<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#comparison"></a>
 </h3>
-<p>The following table gives the AIC values obtained with both backend packages using the same control parameters (800 iterations burn-in, 300 iterations second phase, 15 chains).</p>
+<p>The following table gives the AIC values obtained with both backend
+packages using the same control parameters (800 iterations burn-in, 300
+iterations second phase, 15 chains).</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb31"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">AIC_all</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span>
 <span>  check.names <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>,</span>
@@ -390,7 +550,7 @@ DFOP tc more iterations 665.88 663.80</code></pre>
 <span>  saemix_is <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/lapply.html" class="external-link">sapply</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/list.html" class="external-link">list</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_parent_saemix_sfo_const</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">so</span>, <span class="va">f_parent_saemix_sfo_tc</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">so</span>,</span>
 <span>    <span class="va">f_parent_saemix_dfop_const</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">so</span>, <span class="va">f_parent_saemix_dfop_tc</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">so</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="va">AIC</span>, method <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"is"</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="op">)</span></span>
-<span><span class="fu">kable</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">AIC_all</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
+<span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/knitr/man/kable.html" class="external-link">kable</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">AIC_all</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <table class="table">
 <thead><tr class="header">
 <th align="left">Degradation model</th>
@@ -418,7 +578,7 @@ DFOP tc more iterations 665.88 663.80</code></pre>
 <td align="left">DFOP</td>
 <td align="left">const</td>
 <td align="right">NA</td>
-<td align="right">671.98</td>
+<td align="right">709.26</td>
 <td align="right">705.75</td>
 </tr>
 <tr class="even">
@@ -435,21 +595,33 @@ DFOP tc more iterations 665.88 663.80</code></pre>
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="conclusion">Conclusion<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#conclusion"></a>
 </h2>
-<p>A more detailed analysis of the dimethenamid dataset confirmed that the DFOP model provides the most appropriate description of the decline of the parent compound in these data. On the other hand, closer inspection of the results revealed that the variability of the k2 parameter across the population of soils is ill-defined. This coincides with the observation that this parameter cannot robustly be quantified for some of the soils.</p>
-<p>Regarding the regulatory use of these data, it is claimed that an improved characterisation of the mean parameter values across the population is obtained using the nonlinear mixed-effects models presented here. However, attempts to quantify the variability of the slower rate constant of the biphasic decline of dimethenamid indicate that the data are not sufficient to characterise this variability to a satisfactory precision.</p>
+<p>A more detailed analysis of the dimethenamid dataset confirmed that
+the DFOP model provides the most appropriate description of the decline
+of the parent compound in these data. On the other hand, closer
+inspection of the results revealed that the variability of the k2
+parameter across the population of soils is ill-defined. This coincides
+with the observation that this parameter cannot robustly be quantified
+for some of the soils.</p>
+<p>Regarding the regulatory use of these data, it is claimed that an
+improved characterisation of the mean parameter values across the
+population is obtained using the nonlinear mixed-effects models
+presented here. However, attempts to quantify the variability of the
+slower rate constant of the biphasic decline of dimethenamid indicate
+that the data are not sufficient to characterise this variability to a
+satisfactory precision.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="session-info">Session Info<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#session-info"></a>
 </h2>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb32"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/utils/sessionInfo.html" class="external-link">sessionInfo</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
-<pre><code>R version 4.2.2 (2022-10-31)
+<pre><code>R version 4.2.3 (2023-03-15)
 Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit)
-Running under: Debian GNU/Linux 11 (bullseye)
+Running under: Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm)
 
 Matrix products: default
 BLAS:   /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openblas-serial/libblas.so.3
-LAPACK: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openblas-serial/libopenblas-r0.3.13.so
+LAPACK: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openblas-serial/libopenblas-r0.3.21.so
 
 locale:
  [1] LC_CTYPE=de_DE.UTF-8       LC_NUMERIC=C              
@@ -463,38 +635,44 @@ attached base packages:
 [1] stats     graphics  grDevices utils     datasets  methods   base     
 
 other attached packages:
-[1] saemix_3.2   npde_3.2     nlme_3.1-160 mkin_1.2.2   knitr_1.41  
+[1] saemix_3.2   npde_3.3     nlme_3.1-162 mkin_1.2.3   knitr_1.42  
 
 loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
- [1] deSolve_1.34      zoo_1.8-11        tidyselect_1.2.0  xfun_0.35        
- [5] bslib_0.4.1       purrr_0.3.5       lattice_0.20-45   colorspace_2.0-3 
- [9] vctrs_0.5.1       generics_0.1.3    htmltools_0.5.3   yaml_2.3.6       
-[13] utf8_1.2.2        rlang_1.0.6       pkgdown_2.0.6     jquerylib_0.1.4  
-[17] pillar_1.8.1      glue_1.6.2        DBI_1.1.3         lifecycle_1.0.3  
-[21] stringr_1.4.1     munsell_0.5.0     gtable_0.3.1      ragg_1.2.4       
-[25] codetools_0.2-18  memoise_2.0.1     evaluate_0.18     fastmap_1.1.0    
-[29] lmtest_0.9-40     parallel_4.2.2    fansi_1.0.3       highr_0.9        
-[33] scales_1.2.1      cachem_1.0.6      desc_1.4.2        jsonlite_1.8.3   
-[37] systemfonts_1.0.4 fs_1.5.2          textshaping_0.3.6 gridExtra_2.3    
-[41] ggplot2_3.4.0     digest_0.6.30     stringi_1.7.8     dplyr_1.0.10     
-[45] grid_4.2.2        rprojroot_2.0.3   cli_3.4.1         tools_4.2.2      
-[49] magrittr_2.0.3    sass_0.4.3        tibble_3.1.8      pkgconfig_2.0.3  
-[53] assertthat_0.2.1  rmarkdown_2.18    R6_2.5.1          mclust_6.0.0     
-[57] compiler_4.2.2   </code></pre>
+ [1] highr_0.10        pillar_1.9.0      bslib_0.4.2       compiler_4.2.3   
+ [5] jquerylib_0.1.4   tools_4.2.3       mclust_6.0.0      digest_0.6.31    
+ [9] tibble_3.2.1      jsonlite_1.8.4    evaluate_0.20     memoise_2.0.1    
+[13] lifecycle_1.0.3   gtable_0.3.3      lattice_0.21-8    pkgconfig_2.0.3  
+[17] rlang_1.1.0       DBI_1.1.3         cli_3.6.1         yaml_2.3.7       
+[21] parallel_4.2.3    pkgdown_2.0.7     xfun_0.38         fastmap_1.1.1    
+[25] gridExtra_2.3     dplyr_1.1.1       stringr_1.5.0     generics_0.1.3   
+[29] desc_1.4.2        fs_1.6.1          vctrs_0.6.1       sass_0.4.5       
+[33] systemfonts_1.0.4 tidyselect_1.2.0  rprojroot_2.0.3   lmtest_0.9-40    
+[37] grid_4.2.3        glue_1.6.2        R6_2.5.1          textshaping_0.3.6
+[41] fansi_1.0.4       rmarkdown_2.21    purrr_1.0.1       ggplot2_3.4.2    
+[45] magrittr_2.0.3    codetools_0.2-19  scales_1.2.1      htmltools_0.5.5  
+[49] colorspace_2.1-0  ragg_1.2.5        utf8_1.2.3        stringi_1.7.12   
+[53] munsell_0.5.0     cachem_1.0.7      zoo_1.8-12       </code></pre>
 </div>
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="references">References<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#references"></a>
 </h2>
 <!-- vim: set foldmethod=syntax: -->
-<div id="refs" class="references hanging-indent">
-<div id="ref-efsa_2018_dimethenamid">
-<p>EFSA. 2018. “Peer Review of the Pesticide Risk Assessment of the Active Substance Dimethenamid-P.” <em>EFSA Journal</em> 16 (4): 5211.</p>
+<div id="refs" class="references csl-bib-body hanging-indent">
+<div id="ref-efsa_2018_dimethenamid" class="csl-entry">
+EFSA. 2018. <span>“Peer Review of the Pesticide Risk Assessment of the
+Active Substance Dimethenamid-p.”</span> <em>EFSA Journal</em> 16: 5211.
 </div>
-<div id="ref-ranke2021">
-<p>Ranke, Johannes, Janina Wöltjen, Jana Schmidt, and Emmanuelle Comets. 2021. “Taking Kinetic Evaluations of Degradation Data to the Next Level with Nonlinear Mixed-Effects Models.” <em>Environments</em> 8 (8). <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/environments8080071" class="external-link">https://doi.org/10.3390/environments8080071</a>.</p>
+<div id="ref-ranke2021" class="csl-entry">
+Ranke, Johannes, Janina Wöltjen, Jana Schmidt, and Emmanuelle Comets.
+2021. <span>“Taking Kinetic Evaluations of Degradation Data to the Next
+Level with Nonlinear Mixed-Effects Models.”</span> <em>Environments</em>
+8 (8). <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/environments8080071" class="external-link">https://doi.org/10.3390/environments8080071</a>.
 </div>
-<div id="ref-dimethenamid_rar_2018_b8">
-<p>Rapporteur Member State Germany, Co-Rapporteur Member State Bulgaria. 2018. “Renewal Assessment Report Dimethenamid-P Volume 3 - B.8 Environmental fate and behaviour, Rev. 2 - November 2017.” <a href="https://open.efsa.europa.eu/study-inventory/EFSA-Q-2014-00716" class="external-link">https://open.efsa.europa.eu/study-inventory/EFSA-Q-2014-00716</a>.</p>
+<div id="ref-dimethenamid_rar_2018_b8" class="csl-entry">
+Rapporteur Member State Germany, Co-Rapporteur Member State Bulgaria.
+2018. <span>“<span class="nocase">Renewal Assessment Report
+Dimethenamid-P Volume 3 - B.8 Environmental fate and behaviour, Rev. 2 -
+November 2017</span>.”</span> <a href="https://open.efsa.europa.eu/study-inventory/EFSA-Q-2014-00716" class="external-link">https://open.efsa.europa.eu/study-inventory/EFSA-Q-2014-00716</a>.
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -517,7 +695,7 @@ loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
   <p></p>
-<p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+<p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer>
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diff --git a/docs/dev/articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018_files/figure-html/plot_parent_nlme-1.png b/docs/dev/articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018_files/figure-html/plot_parent_nlme-1.png
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diff --git a/docs/dev/articles/web_only/multistart.html b/docs/dev/articles/web_only/multistart.html
index fd05f340..d3d9d76d 100644
--- a/docs/dev/articles/web_only/multistart.html
+++ b/docs/dev/articles/web_only/multistart.html
@@ -34,14 +34,14 @@
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
 <li>
-  <a href="../../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -53,6 +53,9 @@
 <li>
       <a href="../../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -60,22 +63,31 @@
       <a href="../../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
     </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -83,6 +95,15 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul>
 </li>
 <li>
@@ -106,13 +127,15 @@
 
       
 
-      </header><script src="multistart_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
+      </header><div class="row">
   <div class="col-md-9 contents">
     <div class="page-header toc-ignore">
       <h1 data-toc-skip>Short demo of the multistart method</h1>
-                        <h4 data-toc-skip class="author">Johannes Ranke</h4>
+                        <h4 data-toc-skip class="author">Johannes
+Ranke</h4>
             
-            <h4 data-toc-skip class="date">Last change 26 September 2022 (rebuilt 2022-11-24)</h4>
+            <h4 data-toc-skip class="date">Last change 26 September 2022
+(rebuilt 2023-04-16)</h4>
       
       <small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/jranke/mkin/blob/HEAD/vignettes/web_only/multistart.rmd" class="external-link"><code>vignettes/web_only/multistart.rmd</code></a></small>
       <div class="hidden name"><code>multistart.rmd</code></div>
@@ -121,7 +144,8 @@
 
     
     
-<p>The dimethenamid data from 2018 from seven soils is used as example data in this vignette.</p>
+<p>The dimethenamid data from 2018 from seven soils is used as example
+data in this vignette.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va"><a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/">mkin</a></span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="va">dmta_ds</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/lapply.html" class="external-link">lapply</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">7</span>, <span class="kw">function</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">i</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span>
@@ -133,34 +157,44 @@
 <span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/names.html" class="external-link">names</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">dmta_ds</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/lapply.html" class="external-link">sapply</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">dimethenamid_2018</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">ds</span>, <span class="kw">function</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">ds</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="va">ds</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">title</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="va">dmta_ds</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="st">"Elliot"</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/cbind.html" class="external-link">rbind</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">dmta_ds</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="st">"Elliot 1"</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span>, <span class="va">dmta_ds</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="st">"Elliot 2"</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="va">dmta_ds</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="st">"Elliot 1"</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="va">dmta_ds</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="st">"Elliot 2"</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="cn">NULL</span></span></code></pre></div>
-<p>First, we check the DFOP model with the two-component error model and random effects for all degradation parameters.</p>
+<p>First, we check the DFOP model with the two-component error model and
+random effects for all degradation parameters.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">f_mmkin</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/mmkin.html">mmkin</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"DFOP"</span>, <span class="va">dmta_ds</span>, error_model <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"tc"</span>, cores <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">7</span>, quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="va">f_saem_full</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/saem.html">saem</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_mmkin</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/illparms.html">illparms</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_full</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## [1] "sd(log_k2)"</span></span></code></pre>
-<p>We see that not all variability parameters are identifiable. The <code>illparms</code> function tells us that the confidence interval for the standard deviation of ‘log_k2’ includes zero. We check this assessment using multiple runs with different starting values.</p>
+<p>We see that not all variability parameters are identifiable. The
+<code>illparms</code> function tells us that the confidence interval for
+the standard deviation of ‘log_k2’ includes zero. We check this
+assessment using multiple runs with different starting values.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb4"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">f_saem_full_multi</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/multistart.html">multistart</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_full</span>, n <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">16</span>, cores <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">16</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/parplot.html">parplot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_full_multi</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p><img src="multistart_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-3-1.png" width="700"></p>
-<p>This confirms that the variance of k2 is the most problematic parameter, so we reduce the parameter distribution model by removing the intersoil variability for k2.</p>
+<p>This confirms that the variance of k2 is the most problematic
+parameter, so we reduce the parameter distribution model by removing the
+intersoil variability for k2.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">f_saem_reduced</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/stats/update.html" class="external-link">update</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_full</span>, no_random_effect <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"log_k2"</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/illparms.html">illparms</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_reduced</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="va">f_saem_reduced_multi</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/multistart.html">multistart</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_reduced</span>, n <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">16</span>, cores <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">16</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span><span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/parplot.html">parplot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_reduced_multi</span>, lpos <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"topright"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p><img src="multistart_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-4-1.png" width="700"></p>
-<p>The results confirm that all remaining parameters can be determined with sufficient certainty.</p>
-<p>We can also analyse the log-likelihoods obtained in the multiple runs:</p>
+<p>The results confirm that all remaining parameters can be determined
+with sufficient certainty.</p>
+<p>We can also analyse the log-likelihoods obtained in the multiple
+runs:</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb6"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/llhist.html">llhist</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_reduced_multi</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p><img src="multistart_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-5-1.png" width="700"></p>
-<p>The parameter histograms can be further improved by excluding the result with the low likelihood.</p>
+<p>The parameter histograms can be further improved by excluding the
+result with the low likelihood.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb7"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/parplot.html">parplot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_reduced_multi</span>, lpos <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"topright"</span>, llmin <span class="op">=</span> <span class="op">-</span><span class="fl">326</span>, ylim <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">0.5</span>, <span class="fl">2</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p><img src="multistart_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-6-1.png" width="700"></p>
-<p>We can use the <code>anova</code> method to compare the models, including a likelihood ratio test if the models are nested.</p>
+<p>We can use the <code>anova</code> method to compare the models,
+including a likelihood ratio test if the models are nested.</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb8"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
 <code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/stats/anova.html" class="external-link">anova</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_full</span>, <span class="fu"><a href="../../reference/multistart.html">best</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_reduced_multi</span><span class="op">)</span>, test <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <pre><code><span><span class="co">## Data: 155 observations of 1 variable(s) grouped in 6 datasets</span></span>
@@ -168,7 +202,9 @@
 <span><span class="co">##                            npar    AIC    BIC     Lik Chisq Df Pr(&gt;Chisq)</span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## best(f_saem_reduced_multi)    9 663.69 661.82 -322.85                    </span></span>
 <span><span class="co">## f_saem_full                  10 669.77 667.69 -324.89     0  1          1</span></span></code></pre>
-<p>While AIC and BIC are lower for the reduced model, the likelihood ratio test does not indicate a significant difference between the fits.</p>
+<p>While AIC and BIC are lower for the reduced model, the likelihood
+ratio test does not indicate a significant difference between the
+fits.</p>
   </div>
 
   <div class="col-md-3 hidden-xs hidden-sm" id="pkgdown-sidebar">
@@ -186,7 +222,7 @@
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
   <p></p>
-<p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+<p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer>
diff --git a/docs/dev/articles/web_only/multistart_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-3-1.png b/docs/dev/articles/web_only/multistart_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-3-1.png
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index c57c247f..b1582557 100644
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diff --git a/docs/dev/articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html b/docs/dev/articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html
index 551b34d4..66740a11 100644
--- a/docs/dev/articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html
+++ b/docs/dev/articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@
 Ranke</h4>
             
             <h4 data-toc-skip class="date">Last change 17 February 2023
-(rebuilt 2023-02-17)</h4>
+(rebuilt 2023-04-16)</h4>
       
       <small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/jranke/mkin/blob/HEAD/vignettes/web_only/saem_benchmarks.rmd" class="external-link"><code>vignettes/web_only/saem_benchmarks.rmd</code></a></small>
       <div class="hidden name"><code>saem_benchmarks.rmd</code></div>
@@ -393,6 +393,16 @@ systems. All trademarks belong to their respective owners.</p>
 <td align="right">2.010</td>
 <td align="right">2.088</td>
 </tr>
+<tr class="even">
+<td align="left">Ryzen 9 7950X</td>
+<td align="left">Linux</td>
+<td align="left">1.2.3</td>
+<td align="left">3.2</td>
+<td align="right">1.389</td>
+<td align="right">2.300</td>
+<td align="right">1.880</td>
+<td align="right">2.355</td>
+</tr>
 </tbody>
 </table>
 <p>Two-component error fits for SFO, DFOP, SFORB and HS.</p>
@@ -458,6 +468,16 @@ systems. All trademarks belong to their respective owners.</p>
 <td align="right">3.307</td>
 <td align="right">3.460</td>
 </tr>
+<tr class="even">
+<td align="left">Ryzen 9 7950X</td>
+<td align="left">Linux</td>
+<td align="left">1.2.3</td>
+<td align="left">3.2</td>
+<td align="right">2.300</td>
+<td align="right">3.075</td>
+<td align="right">3.206</td>
+<td align="right">3.471</td>
+</tr>
 </tbody>
 </table>
 </div>
@@ -515,6 +535,14 @@ systems. All trademarks belong to their respective owners.</p>
 <td align="right">11.796</td>
 <td align="right">216.012</td>
 </tr>
+<tr class="even">
+<td align="left">Ryzen 9 7950X</td>
+<td align="left">Linux</td>
+<td align="left">1.2.3</td>
+<td align="left">3.2</td>
+<td align="right">12.951</td>
+<td align="right">294.082</td>
+</tr>
 </tbody>
 </table>
 </div>
@@ -566,6 +594,13 @@ systems. All trademarks belong to their respective owners.</p>
 <td align="left">3.2</td>
 <td align="right">392.364</td>
 </tr>
+<tr class="even">
+<td align="left">Ryzen 9 7950X</td>
+<td align="left">Linux</td>
+<td align="left">1.2.3</td>
+<td align="left">3.2</td>
+<td align="right">477.297</td>
+</tr>
 </tbody>
 </table>
 </div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/authors.html b/docs/dev/authors.html
index 3c95e7e0..7c11d186 100644
--- a/docs/dev/authors.html
+++ b/docs/dev/authors.html
@@ -81,6 +81,11 @@
     <li>
       <a href="articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Code coverage report</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="coverage/coverage.html"></a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="news/index.html">News</a>
diff --git a/docs/dev/index.html b/docs/dev/index.html
index 40157561..317e3380 100644
--- a/docs/dev/index.html
+++ b/docs/dev/index.html
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
   Heteroscedasticity can be taken into account using variance by variable or
   two-component error models as described by Ranke and Meinecke (2018)
   &lt;doi:10.3390/environments6120124&gt;.  Hierarchical degradation models can
-  be fitted using nonlinear mixed-effects model packages as a backend as
+  be fitted using nonlinear mixed-effects model packages as a back end as
   described by Ranke et al. (2021) &lt;doi:10.3390/environments8080071&gt;.  Please
   note that no warranty is implied for correctness of results or fitness for a
   particular purpose.">
@@ -115,6 +115,12 @@
     <li>
       <a href="articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    </li>
+<li class="dropdown-header">Code coverage report</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="coverage/coverage.html"></a>
+    </li>
   </ul>
 </li>
 <li>
@@ -143,8 +149,8 @@
 <div class="section level1">
 <div class="page-header"><h1 id="mkin">mkin<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#mkin"></a>
 </h1></div>
-<p><a href="https://cran.r-project.org/package=mkin" class="external-link"><img src="https://www.r-pkg.org/badges/version/mkin"></a> <a href="https://jranke.r-universe.dev/ui#package:mkin" class="external-link"><img src="https://jranke.r-universe.dev/badges/mkin" alt="mkin status badge"></a> <a href="https://app.travis-ci.com/github/jranke/mkin" class="external-link"><img src="https://travis-ci.com/jranke/mkin.svg?branch=main" alt="Build Status"></a> <a href="https://codecov.io/github/jranke/mkin" class="external-link"><img src="https://codecov.io/github/jranke/mkin/branch/main/graphs/badge.svg" alt="codecov"></a></p>
-<p>The <a href="https://r-project.org" class="external-link">R</a> package <strong>mkin</strong> provides calculation routines for the analysis of chemical degradation data, including <b>m</b>ulticompartment <b>kin</b>etics as needed for modelling the formation and decline of transformation products, or if several degradation compartments are involved. It provides stable functionality for kinetic evaluations according to the FOCUS guidance (see below for details). In addition, it provides functionality to do hierarchical kinetics based on nonlinear mixed-effects models.</p>
+<p><a href="https://cran.r-project.org/package=mkin" class="external-link"><img src="https://www.r-pkg.org/badges/version/mkin"></a> <a href="https://jranke.r-universe.dev/ui/#package:mkin" class="external-link"><img src="https://jranke.r-universe.dev/badges/mkin" alt="mkin status badge"></a> <a href="https://app.travis-ci.com/github/jranke/mkin" class="external-link"><img src="https://travis-ci.com/jranke/mkin.svg?branch=main" alt="Build Status"></a> <a href="https://app.codecov.io/gh/jranke/mkin" class="external-link"><img src="https://codecov.io/github/jranke/mkin/branch/main/graphs/badge.svg" alt="codecov"></a></p>
+<p>The <a href="https://www.r-project.org" class="external-link">R</a> package <strong>mkin</strong> provides calculation routines for the analysis of chemical degradation data, including <b>m</b>ulticompartment <b>kin</b>etics as needed for modelling the formation and decline of transformation products, or if several degradation compartments are involved. It provides stable functionality for kinetic evaluations according to the FOCUS guidance (see below for details). In addition, it provides functionality to do hierarchical kinetics based on nonlinear mixed-effects models.</p>
 <div class="section level2">
 <h2 id="installation">Installation<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#installation"></a>
 </h2>
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/index.html b/docs/dev/news/index.html
index a22f005b..2c169609 100644
--- a/docs/dev/news/index.html
+++ b/docs/dev/news/index.html
@@ -81,6 +81,11 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Code coverage report</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../coverage/coverage.html"></a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -106,11 +111,15 @@
 
     <div class="section level2">
 <h2 class="page-header" data-toc-text="1.2.3" id="mkin-123">mkin 1.2.3<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#mkin-123"></a></h2>
-<ul><li>Depend on upcoming deSolve version with the possibility to avoid resolving symbols in a shared library (compiled models) over and over.</li>
+<ul><li><p>‘R/{endpoints,parms,plot.mixed.mmkin,summary.saem.mmkin}.R’: Calculate parameters and endpoints and plot population curves for specific covariate values, or specific percentiles of covariate values used in saem fits.</p></li>
+<li><p>Depend on current deSolve version with the possibility to avoid resolving symbols in a shared library (compiled models) over and over, thanks to Thomas Petzoldt.</p></li>
+<li><p>‘inst/rmarkdown/templates/hierarchical_kinetics/skeleton/skeleton.Rmd’: Start a new cluster after creating a model stored in the user specified location, because otherwise symbols are not found by the worker processes.</p></li>
+<li><p>‘tests/testthat/test_compiled_symbols.R’: Some new tests to control problems that may have been introduced by the possibility to use pre-resolved symbols.</p></li>
+<li><p>‘R/mkinerrmin.R’: Fix typo in subset (use of = instead of ==), thanks to Sebastian Meyer for spotting this during his work on R 4.3.0.</p></li>
 </ul></div>
     <div class="section level2">
 <h2 class="page-header" data-toc-text="1.2.2" id="mkin-122-unreleased">mkin 1.2.2 (unreleased)<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#mkin-122-unreleased"></a></h2>
-<ul><li><p>‘inst/rmarkdown/templates/hier’: R markdown template to facilitate the application of hierarchical kinetic models.</p></li>
+<ul><li><p>‘inst/rmarkdown/templates/hierarchical_kinetics’: R markdown template to facilitate the application of hierarchical kinetic models.</p></li>
 <li><p>‘inst/testdata/{cyantraniliprole_soil_efsa_2014,lambda-cyhalothrin_soil_efsa_2014}.xlsx’: Example spreadsheets for use with ‘read_spreadsheet()’.</p></li>
 <li><p>‘R/mhmkin.R’: Allow an ‘illparms.mhmkin’ object or a list with suitable dimensions as value of the argument ‘no_random_effects’, making it possible to exclude random effects that were ill-defined in simpler variants of the set of degradation models. Remove the possibility to exclude random effects based on separate fits, as it did not work well.</p></li>
 <li><p>‘R/summary.saem.mmkin.R’: List all initial parameter values in the summary, including random effects and error model parameters. Avoid redundant warnings that occurred in the calculation of correlations of the fixed effects in the case that the Fisher information matrix could not be inverted. List correlations of random effects if specified by the user in the covariance model.</p></li>
diff --git a/docs/dev/pkgdown.yml b/docs/dev/pkgdown.yml
index c89a250d..b7825ae1 100644
--- a/docs/dev/pkgdown.yml
+++ b/docs/dev/pkgdown.yml
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ articles:
   dimethenamid_2018: web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html
   multistart: web_only/multistart.html
   saem_benchmarks: web_only/saem_benchmarks.html
-last_built: 2023-02-18T06:36Z
+last_built: 2023-04-16T08:48Z
 urls:
   reference: https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/reference
   article: https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/articles
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/AIC.mmkin.html b/docs/dev/reference/AIC.mmkin.html
index 13f870e7..ebfe052d 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/AIC.mmkin.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/AIC.mmkin.html
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ same dataset."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ same dataset."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -42,22 +44,29 @@ same dataset."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -65,6 +74,14 @@ same dataset."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -189,7 +206,7 @@ dataframe if there are several fits in the column).</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/CAKE_export.html b/docs/dev/reference/CAKE_export.html
index 33ae3f74..7b52a8c5 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/CAKE_export.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/CAKE_export.html
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ specified as well."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><scrip
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ specified as well."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><scrip
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -42,22 +44,29 @@ specified as well."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><scrip
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -65,6 +74,14 @@ specified as well."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><scrip
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -194,7 +211,7 @@ compatible with CAKE.</p></dd>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/D24_2014.html b/docs/dev/reference/D24_2014.html
index 14840260..8af0a8e2 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/D24_2014.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/D24_2014.html
@@ -22,13 +22,13 @@ constrained by data protection regulations."><meta name="robots" content="noinde
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ constrained by data protection regulations."><meta name="robots" content="noinde
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -46,22 +48,29 @@ constrained by data protection regulations."><meta name="robots" content="noinde
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -69,6 +78,14 @@ constrained by data protection regulations."><meta name="robots" content="noinde
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -230,7 +247,7 @@ specific pieces of information in the comments.</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
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diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/DFOP.solution-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/DFOP.solution-1.png
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-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
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-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
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   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
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+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
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-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
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+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
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-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
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@@ -65,6 +74,14 @@ two exponential decline functions."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- m
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
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+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -171,7 +188,7 @@ Version 1.1, 18 December 2014
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
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diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/Extract.mmkin.html b/docs/dev/reference/Extract.mmkin.html
index cd863616..3a22d14b 100644
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@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@
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+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
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-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
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@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
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+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
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     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
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@@ -64,6 +73,14 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -204,7 +221,7 @@ either a list of mkinfit objects or a single mkinfit object.</p></dd>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
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diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/FOCUS_2006_DFOP_ref_A_to_B.html b/docs/dev/reference/FOCUS_2006_DFOP_ref_A_to_B.html
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       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
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     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
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@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@ in this fit."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src=
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
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+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
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@@ -45,22 +47,29 @@ in this fit."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src=
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
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     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
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     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
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+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -158,7 +175,7 @@ in this fit.</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
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diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/FOCUS_2006_FOMC_ref_A_to_F.html b/docs/dev/reference/FOCUS_2006_FOMC_ref_A_to_F.html
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       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
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@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@ in this fit."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src=
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
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+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
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@@ -45,22 +47,29 @@ in this fit."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src=
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
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     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -68,6 +77,14 @@ in this fit."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src=
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
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+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -155,7 +172,7 @@ in this fit.</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
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diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/FOCUS_2006_HS_ref_A_to_F.html b/docs/dev/reference/FOCUS_2006_HS_ref_A_to_F.html
index d6758f62..caf258ba 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/FOCUS_2006_HS_ref_A_to_F.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/FOCUS_2006_HS_ref_A_to_F.html
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       </button>
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         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
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     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
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@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@ in this fit."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src=
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
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+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
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       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
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@@ -45,22 +47,29 @@ in this fit."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src=
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -68,6 +77,14 @@ in this fit."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src=
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -158,7 +175,7 @@ in this fit.</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/FOCUS_2006_SFO_ref_A_to_F.html b/docs/dev/reference/FOCUS_2006_SFO_ref_A_to_F.html
index 445ed2d6..bc3d1c08 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/FOCUS_2006_SFO_ref_A_to_F.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/FOCUS_2006_SFO_ref_A_to_F.html
@@ -21,13 +21,13 @@ in this fit."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src=
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
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     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@ in this fit."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src=
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
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@@ -45,22 +47,29 @@ in this fit."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src=
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -68,6 +77,14 @@ in this fit."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src=
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -152,7 +169,7 @@ in this fit.</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/FOCUS_2006_datasets.html b/docs/dev/reference/FOCUS_2006_datasets.html
index 955b9188..78f8e81b 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/FOCUS_2006_datasets.html
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@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@
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-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
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     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -41,22 +43,29 @@
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     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -64,6 +73,14 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -150,7 +167,7 @@
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/FOMC.solution-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/FOMC.solution-1.png
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Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/FOMC.solution-1.png and b/docs/dev/reference/FOMC.solution-1.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/FOMC.solution.html b/docs/dev/reference/FOMC.solution.html
index e1f19dc1..e1813261 100644
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       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
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-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ a decreasing rate constant."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -42,22 +44,29 @@ a decreasing rate constant."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -65,6 +74,14 @@ a decreasing rate constant."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -182,7 +199,7 @@ Technology</em> <b>24</b>, 1032-1038</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/HS.solution-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/HS.solution-1.png
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diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/HS.solution.html b/docs/dev/reference/HS.solution.html
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       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ between them."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -42,22 +44,29 @@ between them."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -65,6 +74,14 @@ between them."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -172,7 +189,7 @@ Version 1.1, 18 December 2014
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/IORE.solution-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/IORE.solution-1.png
index 9b6ab58f..54c9dcae 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/IORE.solution-1.png and b/docs/dev/reference/IORE.solution-1.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/IORE.solution.html b/docs/dev/reference/IORE.solution.html
index 991fb566..b9d4734f 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/IORE.solution.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/IORE.solution.html
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ a concentration dependent rate constant."><meta name="robots" content="noindex">
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ a concentration dependent rate constant."><meta name="robots" content="noindex">
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -42,22 +44,29 @@ a concentration dependent rate constant."><meta name="robots" content="noindex">
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -65,6 +74,14 @@ a concentration dependent rate constant."><meta name="robots" content="noindex">
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -155,6 +172,8 @@ for Evaluating and Calculating Degradation Kinetics in Environmental Media</p>
 <span class="r-in"><span>    <span class="va">fit.fomc</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="mkinfit.html">mkinfit</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"FOMC"</span>, <span class="va">FOCUS_2006_C</span>, quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span>    <span class="va">fit.iore</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="mkinfit.html">mkinfit</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"IORE"</span>, <span class="va">FOCUS_2006_C</span>, quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span>    <span class="va">fit.iore.deS</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="mkinfit.html">mkinfit</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"IORE"</span>, <span class="va">FOCUS_2006_C</span>, solution_type <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"deSolve"</span>, quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Error in is.loaded(initfunc, PACKAGE = dllname, type = "") : </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>   invalid 'PACKAGE' argument</span>
 <span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span>    <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/print.html" class="external-link">print</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">fit.fomc</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">par</span>, <span class="va">fit.iore</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">par</span>, <span class="va">fit.iore.deS</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">par</span>,</span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span>                     row.names <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/paste.html" class="external-link">paste</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"model par"</span>, <span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">4</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
@@ -185,7 +204,7 @@ for Evaluating and Calculating Degradation Kinetics in Environmental Media</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/NAFTA_SOP_2015-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/NAFTA_SOP_2015-1.png
index 5d2d434b..98d4246c 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/NAFTA_SOP_2015-1.png and b/docs/dev/reference/NAFTA_SOP_2015-1.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/NAFTA_SOP_2015.html b/docs/dev/reference/NAFTA_SOP_2015.html
index a4d972b4..299863d7 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/NAFTA_SOP_2015.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/NAFTA_SOP_2015.html
@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -41,22 +43,29 @@
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -64,6 +73,14 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -184,7 +201,7 @@
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/NAFTA_SOP_Attachment-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/NAFTA_SOP_Attachment-1.png
index d8951fc3..a6066441 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/NAFTA_SOP_Attachment-1.png and b/docs/dev/reference/NAFTA_SOP_Attachment-1.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/NAFTA_SOP_Attachment.html b/docs/dev/reference/NAFTA_SOP_Attachment.html
index 9d878a49..6bc86b46 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/NAFTA_SOP_Attachment.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/NAFTA_SOP_Attachment.html
@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -41,22 +43,29 @@
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -64,6 +73,14 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -173,7 +190,7 @@
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/Rplot001.png b/docs/dev/reference/Rplot001.png
index 17a35806..5de2bdc7 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/Rplot001.png and b/docs/dev/reference/Rplot001.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/Rplot002.png b/docs/dev/reference/Rplot002.png
index 34efa229..556ca0a7 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/Rplot002.png and b/docs/dev/reference/Rplot002.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/Rplot005.png b/docs/dev/reference/Rplot005.png
index 93a5c2dd..c1324477 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/Rplot005.png and b/docs/dev/reference/Rplot005.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/Rplot006.png b/docs/dev/reference/Rplot006.png
index 9f8e6868..f646fa66 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/Rplot006.png and b/docs/dev/reference/Rplot006.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/Rplot007.png b/docs/dev/reference/Rplot007.png
index 21a6ea76..d3b6ddd4 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/Rplot007.png and b/docs/dev/reference/Rplot007.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/SFO.solution-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/SFO.solution-1.png
index a00499cb..34fdd460 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/SFO.solution-1.png and b/docs/dev/reference/SFO.solution-1.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/SFO.solution.html b/docs/dev/reference/SFO.solution.html
index a0bb999c..08e031e7 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/SFO.solution.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/SFO.solution.html
@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -41,22 +43,29 @@
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -64,6 +73,14 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -160,7 +177,7 @@ Version 1.1, 18 December 2014
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/SFORB.solution-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/SFORB.solution-1.png
index 7bea3b78..08d25616 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/SFORB.solution-1.png and b/docs/dev/reference/SFORB.solution-1.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/SFORB.solution.html b/docs/dev/reference/SFORB.solution.html
index c14d3a32..7e584ace 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/SFORB.solution.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/SFORB.solution.html
@@ -21,13 +21,13 @@ and no substance in the bound fraction."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@ and no substance in the bound fraction."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -45,22 +47,29 @@ and no substance in the bound fraction."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -68,6 +77,14 @@ and no substance in the bound fraction."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -178,7 +195,7 @@ Version 1.1, 18 December 2014
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/add_err-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/add_err-1.png
index 4a3b4062..68cfb344 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/add_err-1.png and b/docs/dev/reference/add_err-1.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/add_err-2.png b/docs/dev/reference/add_err-2.png
index 5aec1744..d2f0cf08 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/add_err-2.png and b/docs/dev/reference/add_err-2.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/add_err-3.png b/docs/dev/reference/add_err-3.png
index 2e71f02f..17b5416a 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/add_err-3.png and b/docs/dev/reference/add_err-3.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/add_err.html b/docs/dev/reference/add_err.html
index c70d43a0..57db40d1 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/add_err.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/add_err.html
@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ may depend on the predicted value and is specified as a standard deviation."><me
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ may depend on the predicted value and is specified as a standard deviation."><me
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -43,22 +45,29 @@ may depend on the predicted value and is specified as a standard deviation."><me
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -66,6 +75,14 @@ may depend on the predicted value and is specified as a standard deviation."><me
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -231,7 +248,7 @@ https://jrwb.de/posters/piacenza_2015.pdf</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/anova.saem.mmkin.html b/docs/dev/reference/anova.saem.mmkin.html
index 1689e436..39a30dff 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/anova.saem.mmkin.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/anova.saem.mmkin.html
@@ -20,13 +20,13 @@ the model on the previous line."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- math
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -37,6 +37,8 @@ the model on the previous line."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- math
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -44,22 +46,29 @@ the model on the previous line."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- math
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -67,6 +76,14 @@ the model on the previous line."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- math
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -154,7 +171,7 @@ only be done for nested models.</p></dd>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/aw.html b/docs/dev/reference/aw.html
index 81b9b2e9..fc5ff777 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/aw.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/aw.html
@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ by Burnham and Anderson (2004)."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- math
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ by Burnham and Anderson (2004)."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- math
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -43,22 +45,29 @@ by Burnham and Anderson (2004)."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- math
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -66,6 +75,14 @@ by Burnham and Anderson (2004)."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- math
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -166,7 +183,7 @@ Inference: Understanding AIC and BIC in Model Selection.
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/confint.mkinfit.html b/docs/dev/reference/confint.mkinfit.html
index 16bd388b..a3571fa5 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/confint.mkinfit.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/confint.mkinfit.html
@@ -24,13 +24,13 @@ method of Venzon and Moolgavkar (1988)."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -41,6 +41,8 @@ method of Venzon and Moolgavkar (1988)."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -48,22 +50,29 @@ method of Venzon and Moolgavkar (1988)."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -71,6 +80,14 @@ method of Venzon and Moolgavkar (1988)."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -237,7 +254,7 @@ Profile-Likelihood Based Confidence Intervals, Applied Statistics, 37,
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">f_d_1</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="mkinfit.html">mkinfit</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">SFO_SFO</span>, <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/subset.html" class="external-link">subset</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">FOCUS_2006_D</span>, <span class="va">value</span> <span class="op">!=</span> <span class="fl">0</span><span class="op">)</span>, quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/system.time.html" class="external-link">system.time</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">ci_profile</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/stats/confint.html" class="external-link">confint</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_d_1</span>, method <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"profile"</span>, cores <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">1</span>, quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>    user  system elapsed </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>   3.811   0.004   3.815 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>   1.183   0.000   1.182 </span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># Using more cores does not save much time here, as parent_0 takes up most of the time</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># If we additionally exclude parent_0 (the confidence of which is often of</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># minor interest), we get a nice performance improvement if we use at least 4 cores</span></span></span>
@@ -245,7 +262,7 @@ Profile-Likelihood Based Confidence Intervals, Applied Statistics, 37,
 <span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"k_parent_sink"</span>, <span class="st">"k_parent_m1"</span>, <span class="st">"k_m1_sink"</span>, <span class="st">"sigma"</span><span class="op">)</span>, cores <span class="op">=</span> <span class="va">n_cores</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Profiling the likelihood</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>    user  system elapsed </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>   2.313   0.004   2.318 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>   0.418   0.116   0.294 </span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">ci_profile</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>                       2.5%        97.5%</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> parent_0      96.456003640 1.027703e+02</span>
@@ -392,7 +409,7 @@ Profile-Likelihood Based Confidence Intervals, Applied Statistics, 37,
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/create_deg_func.html b/docs/dev/reference/create_deg_func.html
index e2a42873..fd8325c0 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/create_deg_func.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/create_deg_func.html
@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -41,22 +43,29 @@
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -64,6 +73,14 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -131,8 +148,8 @@
 <span class="r-in"><span>    replications <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">2</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Loading required package: rbenchmark</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>         test replications elapsed relative user.self sys.self user.child</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 1 analytical            2   0.458    1.000     0.458        0          0</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 2    deSolve            2   0.713    1.557     0.713        0          0</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 1 analytical            2   0.235    1.000     0.235        0          0</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 2    deSolve            2   0.294    1.251     0.294        0          0</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>   sys.child</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 1         0</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 2         0</span>
@@ -145,8 +162,8 @@
 <span class="r-in"><span>    deSolve <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="mkinfit.html">mkinfit</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">DFOP_SFO</span>, <span class="va">FOCUS_D</span>, solution_type <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"deSolve"</span>, quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span>    replications <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">2</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>         test replications elapsed relative user.self sys.self user.child</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 1 analytical            2   0.884    1.000     0.883    0.000          0</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 2    deSolve            2   1.526    1.726     1.522    0.004          0</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 1 analytical            2   0.374    1.000     0.374        0          0</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 2    deSolve            2   0.527    1.409     0.526        0          0</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>   sys.child</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 1         0</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 2         0</span>
@@ -165,7 +182,7 @@
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/dimethenamid_2018-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/dimethenamid_2018-1.png
index c8b05bf5..27ed5329 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/dimethenamid_2018-1.png and b/docs/dev/reference/dimethenamid_2018-1.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/dimethenamid_2018.html b/docs/dev/reference/dimethenamid_2018.html
index 96ec73c6..0fcd0c61 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/dimethenamid_2018.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/dimethenamid_2018.html
@@ -22,13 +22,13 @@ constrained by data protection regulations."><meta name="robots" content="noinde
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ constrained by data protection regulations."><meta name="robots" content="noinde
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -46,22 +48,29 @@ constrained by data protection regulations."><meta name="robots" content="noinde
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -69,6 +78,14 @@ constrained by data protection regulations."><meta name="robots" content="noinde
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -205,10 +222,10 @@ specific pieces of information in the comments.</p>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="co">#saemix::plot(f_dmta_saem_tc$so, plot.type = "convergence")</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/summary.html" class="external-link">summary</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_dmta_saem_tc</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> saemix version used for fitting:      3.2 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.2 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> R version used for fitting:         4.2.2 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of fit:     Thu Nov 24 08:05:16 2022 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of summary: Thu Nov 24 08:05:16 2022 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.3 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> R version used for fitting:         4.2.3 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of fit:     Sun Apr 16 08:30:03 2023 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:30:03 2023 </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Equations:</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> d_DMTA/dt = - k_DMTA * DMTA</span>
@@ -221,12 +238,12 @@ specific pieces of information in the comments.</p>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Model predictions using solution type deSolve </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Fitted in 819.725 s</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Fitted in 304.528 s</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Using 300, 100 iterations and 9 chains</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Variance model: Two-component variance function </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Mean of starting values for individual parameters:</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Starting values for degradation parameters:</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>       DMTA_0   log_k_DMTA    log_k_M23    log_k_M27    log_k_M31 f_DMTA_ilr_1 </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>      95.5662      -2.9048      -3.8130      -4.1600      -4.1486       0.1341 </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> f_DMTA_ilr_2 f_DMTA_ilr_3 </span>
@@ -235,6 +252,30 @@ specific pieces of information in the comments.</p>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Fixed degradation parameter values:</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> None</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Starting values for random effects (square root of initial entries in omega):</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>              DMTA_0 log_k_DMTA log_k_M23 log_k_M27 log_k_M31 f_DMTA_ilr_1</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> DMTA_0        4.802     0.0000    0.0000     0.000    0.0000       0.0000</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> log_k_DMTA    0.000     0.9834    0.0000     0.000    0.0000       0.0000</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> log_k_M23     0.000     0.0000    0.6983     0.000    0.0000       0.0000</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> log_k_M27     0.000     0.0000    0.0000     1.028    0.0000       0.0000</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> log_k_M31     0.000     0.0000    0.0000     0.000    0.9841       0.0000</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> f_DMTA_ilr_1  0.000     0.0000    0.0000     0.000    0.0000       0.7185</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> f_DMTA_ilr_2  0.000     0.0000    0.0000     0.000    0.0000       0.0000</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> f_DMTA_ilr_3  0.000     0.0000    0.0000     0.000    0.0000       0.0000</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>              f_DMTA_ilr_2 f_DMTA_ilr_3</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> DMTA_0             0.0000       0.0000</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> log_k_DMTA         0.0000       0.0000</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> log_k_M23          0.0000       0.0000</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> log_k_M27          0.0000       0.0000</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> log_k_M31          0.0000       0.0000</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> f_DMTA_ilr_1       0.0000       0.0000</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> f_DMTA_ilr_2       0.7378       0.0000</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> f_DMTA_ilr_3       0.0000       0.4451</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Starting values for error model parameters:</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> a.1 b.1 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>   1   1 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Results:</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Likelihood computed by importance sampling</span>
@@ -251,9 +292,9 @@ specific pieces of information in the comments.</p>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> f_DMTA_ilr_1     0.1346 -0.2150  0.4841</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> f_DMTA_ilr_2     0.1449 -0.2593  0.5491</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> f_DMTA_ilr_3    -1.3882 -1.7011 -1.0753</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> a.1              0.9156  0.8229  1.0084</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> b.1              0.1383  0.1215  0.1551</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> SD.DMTA_0        3.7280 -0.6951  8.1511</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> a.1              0.9156  0.8217  1.0095</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> b.1              0.1383  0.1216  0.1550</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> SD.DMTA_0        3.7280 -0.6949  8.1508</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> SD.log_k_DMTA    0.6431  0.2781  1.0080</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> SD.log_k_M23     1.0096  0.3782  1.6409</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> SD.log_k_M27     0.4583  0.1541  0.7625</span>
@@ -274,7 +315,7 @@ specific pieces of information in the comments.</p>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Random effects:</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>                   est.   lower  upper</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> SD.DMTA_0       3.7280 -0.6951 8.1511</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> SD.DMTA_0       3.7280 -0.6949 8.1508</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> SD.log_k_DMTA   0.6431  0.2781 1.0080</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> SD.log_k_M23    1.0096  0.3782 1.6409</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> SD.log_k_M27    0.4583  0.1541 0.7625</span>
@@ -284,9 +325,9 @@ specific pieces of information in the comments.</p>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> SD.f_DMTA_ilr_3 0.3657  0.1383 0.5931</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Variance model:</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>       est.  lower  upper</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> a.1 0.9156 0.8229 1.0084</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> b.1 0.1383 0.1215 0.1551</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>       est.  lower upper</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> a.1 0.9156 0.8217 1.009</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> b.1 0.1383 0.1216 0.155</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Backtransformed parameters:</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>                   est.     lower    upper</span>
@@ -335,7 +376,7 @@ specific pieces of information in the comments.</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/endpoints.html b/docs/dev/reference/endpoints.html
index f8064098..3cda0f3c 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/endpoints.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/endpoints.html
@@ -23,13 +23,13 @@ advantage that the SFORB model can also be used for metabolites."><meta name="ro
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ advantage that the SFORB model can also be used for metabolites."><meta name="ro
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -47,22 +49,29 @@ advantage that the SFORB model can also be used for metabolites."><meta name="ro
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -70,6 +79,14 @@ advantage that the SFORB model can also be used for metabolites."><meta name="ro
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -104,7 +121,7 @@ advantage that the SFORB model can also be used for metabolites.</p>
     </div>
 
     <div id="ref-usage">
-    <div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span><span class="fu">endpoints</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">fit</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
+    <div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span><span class="fu">endpoints</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">fit</span>, covariates <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">NULL</span>, covariate_quantile <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">0.5</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
     </div>
 
     <div id="arguments">
@@ -115,6 +132,17 @@ another object that has list components mkinmod containing an <a href="mkinmod.h
 degradation model, and two numeric vectors, bparms.optim and bparms.fixed,
 that contain parameter values for that model.</p></dd>
 
+
+<dt>covariates</dt>
+<dd><p>Numeric vector with covariate values for all variables in
+any covariate models in the object. If given, it overrides 'covariate_quantile'.</p></dd>
+
+
+<dt>covariate_quantile</dt>
+<dd><p>This argument only has an effect if the fitted
+object has covariate models. If so, the default is to show endpoints
+for the median of the covariate values (50th percentile).</p></dd>
+
 </dl></div>
     <div id="value">
     <h2>Value</h2>
@@ -186,7 +214,7 @@ HS and DFOP, as well as from Eigenvalues b1 and b2 of any SFORB models</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/experimental_data_for_UBA-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/experimental_data_for_UBA-1.png
index b7b4d63b..49e1c6c9 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/experimental_data_for_UBA-1.png and b/docs/dev/reference/experimental_data_for_UBA-1.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/experimental_data_for_UBA.html b/docs/dev/reference/experimental_data_for_UBA.html
index a51ace27..77ff6ce4 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/experimental_data_for_UBA.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/experimental_data_for_UBA.html
@@ -45,13 +45,13 @@ Dataset 12 is from the Renewal Assessment Report (RAR) for thifensulfuron-methyl
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -62,6 +62,8 @@ Dataset 12 is from the Renewal Assessment Report (RAR) for thifensulfuron-methyl
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -69,22 +71,29 @@ Dataset 12 is from the Renewal Assessment Report (RAR) for thifensulfuron-methyl
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -92,6 +101,14 @@ Dataset 12 is from the Renewal Assessment Report (RAR) for thifensulfuron-methyl
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -244,7 +261,7 @@ Dataset 12 is from the Renewal Assessment Report (RAR) for thifensulfuron-methyl
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/f_time_norm_focus.html b/docs/dev/reference/f_time_norm_focus.html
index b556df04..b0722bc6 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/f_time_norm_focus.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/f_time_norm_focus.html
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ in Appendix 8 to the FOCUS kinetics guidance (FOCUS 2014, p. 369)."><meta name="
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ in Appendix 8 to the FOCUS kinetics guidance (FOCUS 2014, p. 369)."><meta name="
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -42,22 +44,29 @@ in Appendix 8 to the FOCUS kinetics guidance (FOCUS 2014, p. 369)."><meta name="
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -65,6 +74,14 @@ in Appendix 8 to the FOCUS kinetics guidance (FOCUS 2014, p. 369)."><meta name="
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -217,7 +234,7 @@ Version 1.1, 18 December 2014
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/focus_soil_moisture.html b/docs/dev/reference/focus_soil_moisture.html
index 99b4735a..cb4a035a 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/focus_soil_moisture.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/focus_soil_moisture.html
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ corresponds to pF2, MWHC to pF 1 and 1/3 bar to pF 2.5."><meta name="robots" con
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ corresponds to pF2, MWHC to pF 1 and 1/3 bar to pF 2.5."><meta name="robots" con
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -42,22 +44,29 @@ corresponds to pF2, MWHC to pF 1 and 1/3 bar to pF 2.5."><meta name="robots" con
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -65,6 +74,14 @@ corresponds to pF2, MWHC to pF 1 and 1/3 bar to pF 2.5."><meta name="robots" con
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -139,7 +156,7 @@ Version 2.2, May 2014 <a href="https://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/projects/ground-wa
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/get_deg_func.html b/docs/dev/reference/get_deg_func.html
index a5a77f37..cf81a591 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/get_deg_func.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/get_deg_func.html
@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -41,22 +43,29 @@
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -64,6 +73,14 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -116,7 +133,7 @@ nlme.mmkin</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/hierarchical_kinetics.html b/docs/dev/reference/hierarchical_kinetics.html
index 2dc2ec6a..a696916f 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/hierarchical_kinetics.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/hierarchical_kinetics.html
@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
 <!DOCTYPE html>
-<!-- Generated by pkgdown: do not edit by hand --><html lang="en"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta charset="utf-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Hierarchical kinetics template — hierarchical_kinetics • mkin</title><!-- jquery --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.4.1/jquery.min.js" integrity="sha256-CSXorXvZcTkaix6Yvo6HppcZGetbYMGWSFlBw8HfCJo=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!-- Bootstrap --><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/twitter-bootstrap/3.4.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha256-bZLfwXAP04zRMK2BjiO8iu9pf4FbLqX6zitd+tIvLhE=" crossorigin="anonymous"><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/twitter-bootstrap/3.4.1/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha256-nuL8/2cJ5NDSSwnKD8VqreErSWHtnEP9E7AySL+1ev4=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!-- bootstrap-toc --><link rel="stylesheet" href="../bootstrap-toc.css"><script src="../bootstrap-toc.js"></script><!-- Font Awesome icons --><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/5.12.1/css/all.min.css" integrity="sha256-mmgLkCYLUQbXn0B1SRqzHar6dCnv9oZFPEC1g1cwlkk=" crossorigin="anonymous"><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/5.12.1/css/v4-shims.min.css" integrity="sha256-wZjR52fzng1pJHwx4aV2AO3yyTOXrcDW7jBpJtTwVxw=" crossorigin="anonymous"><!-- clipboard.js --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/clipboard.js/2.0.6/clipboard.min.js" integrity="sha256-inc5kl9MA1hkeYUt+EC3BhlIgyp/2jDIyBLS6k3UxPI=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!-- headroom.js --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/headroom/0.11.0/headroom.min.js" integrity="sha256-AsUX4SJE1+yuDu5+mAVzJbuYNPHj/WroHuZ8Ir/CkE0=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/headroom/0.11.0/jQuery.headroom.min.js" integrity="sha256-ZX/yNShbjqsohH1k95liqY9Gd8uOiE1S4vZc+9KQ1K4=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!-- pkgdown --><link href="../pkgdown.css" rel="stylesheet"><script src="../pkgdown.js"></script><meta property="og:title" content="Hierarchical kinetics template — hierarchical_kinetics"><meta property="og:description" content="R markdown format for setting up hierarchical kinetics based on a template
-provided with the mkin package."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/MathJax.js" integrity="sha256-nvJJv9wWKEm88qvoQl9ekL2J+k/RWIsaSScxxlsrv8k=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/config/TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML.js" integrity="sha256-84DKXVJXs0/F8OTMzX4UR909+jtl4G7SPypPavF+GfA=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!--[if lt IE 9]>
+<!-- Generated by pkgdown: do not edit by hand --><html lang="en"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta charset="utf-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Hierarchical kinetics template — hierarchical_kinetics • mkin</title><!-- jquery --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.4.1/jquery.min.js" integrity="sha256-CSXorXvZcTkaix6Yvo6HppcZGetbYMGWSFlBw8HfCJo=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!-- Bootstrap --><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/twitter-bootstrap/3.4.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha256-bZLfwXAP04zRMK2BjiO8iu9pf4FbLqX6zitd+tIvLhE=" crossorigin="anonymous"><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/twitter-bootstrap/3.4.1/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha256-nuL8/2cJ5NDSSwnKD8VqreErSWHtnEP9E7AySL+1ev4=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!-- bootstrap-toc --><link rel="stylesheet" href="../bootstrap-toc.css"><script src="../bootstrap-toc.js"></script><!-- Font Awesome icons --><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/5.12.1/css/all.min.css" integrity="sha256-mmgLkCYLUQbXn0B1SRqzHar6dCnv9oZFPEC1g1cwlkk=" crossorigin="anonymous"><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/5.12.1/css/v4-shims.min.css" integrity="sha256-wZjR52fzng1pJHwx4aV2AO3yyTOXrcDW7jBpJtTwVxw=" crossorigin="anonymous"><!-- clipboard.js --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/clipboard.js/2.0.6/clipboard.min.js" integrity="sha256-inc5kl9MA1hkeYUt+EC3BhlIgyp/2jDIyBLS6k3UxPI=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!-- headroom.js --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/headroom/0.11.0/headroom.min.js" integrity="sha256-AsUX4SJE1+yuDu5+mAVzJbuYNPHj/WroHuZ8Ir/CkE0=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/headroom/0.11.0/jQuery.headroom.min.js" integrity="sha256-ZX/yNShbjqsohH1k95liqY9Gd8uOiE1S4vZc+9KQ1K4=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!-- pkgdown --><link href="../pkgdown.css" rel="stylesheet"><script src="../pkgdown.js"></script><meta property="og:title" content="Hierarchical kinetics template — hierarchical_kinetics"><meta property="og:description" content='R markdown format for setting up hierarchical kinetics based on a template
+provided with the mkin package. This format is based on rmarkdown::pdf_document.
+Chunk options are adapted. Echoing R code from code chunks and caching are
+turned on per default. character for prepending output from code chunks is
+set to the empty string, code tidying is off, figure alignment defaults to
+centering, and positioning of figures is set to "H", which means that
+figures will not move around in the document, but stay where the user
+includes them.'><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/MathJax.js" integrity="sha256-nvJJv9wWKEm88qvoQl9ekL2J+k/RWIsaSScxxlsrv8k=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/config/TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML.js" integrity="sha256-84DKXVJXs0/F8OTMzX4UR909+jtl4G7SPypPavF+GfA=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!--[if lt IE 9]>
 <script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
 <script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/respond/1.4.2/respond.min.js"></script>
 <![endif]--></head><body data-spy="scroll" data-target="#toc">
@@ -108,7 +114,13 @@ provided with the mkin package."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- math
 
     <div class="ref-description">
     <p>R markdown format for setting up hierarchical kinetics based on a template
-provided with the mkin package.</p>
+provided with the mkin package. This format is based on <a href="https://pkgs.rstudio.com/rmarkdown/reference/pdf_document.html" class="external-link">rmarkdown::pdf_document</a>.
+Chunk options are adapted. Echoing R code from code chunks and caching are
+turned on per default. character for prepending output from code chunks is
+set to the empty string, code tidying is off, figure alignment defaults to
+centering, and positioning of figures is set to "H", which means that
+figures will not move around in the document, but stay where the user
+includes them.</p>
     </div>
 
     <div id="ref-usage">
@@ -133,6 +145,18 @@ provided with the mkin package.</p>
 <code><a href="https://pkgs.rstudio.com/rmarkdown/reference/render.html" class="external-link">render</a></code></p>
 
 
+    </div>
+    <div id="details">
+    <h2>Details</h2>
+    <p>The latter feature (positioning the figures with "H") depends on the LaTeX
+package 'float'. In addition, the LaTeX package 'listing' is used in the
+template for showing model fit summaries in the Appendix. This means that
+the LaTeX packages 'float' and 'listing' need to be installed in the TeX
+distribution used.</p>
+<p>On Windows, the easiest way to achieve this (if no TeX distribution
+is present before) is to install the 'tinytex' R package, to run
+'tinytex::install_tinytex()' to get the basic tiny Tex distribution,
+and then to run 'tinytex::tlmgr_install(c("float", "listing"))'.</p>
     </div>
 
     <div id="ref-examples">
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/ilr.html b/docs/dev/reference/ilr.html
index c1396303..94b23a76 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/ilr.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/ilr.html
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ transformations."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ transformations."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -42,22 +44,29 @@ transformations."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -65,6 +74,14 @@ transformations."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -179,7 +196,7 @@ Compositional Data Using Robust Methods. Math Geosci 40 233-248</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/index.html b/docs/dev/reference/index.html
index 1d21cddf..84bbbdc4 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/index.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/index.html
@@ -81,6 +81,11 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Code coverage report</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../coverage/coverage.html"></a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -224,7 +229,7 @@ of an mmkin object</p></td>
         </td>
         <td><p>Create an nlme model for an mmkin row object</p></td>
       </tr><tr><td>
-          <p><code><a href="saem.html">saem()</a></code> <code><a href="saem.html">print(<i>&lt;saem.mmkin&gt;</i>)</a></code> <code><a href="saem.html">saemix_model()</a></code> <code><a href="saem.html">saemix_data()</a></code> <code><a href="saem.html">parms(<i>&lt;saem.mmkin&gt;</i>)</a></code> </p>
+          <p><code><a href="saem.html">saem()</a></code> <code><a href="saem.html">print(<i>&lt;saem.mmkin&gt;</i>)</a></code> <code><a href="saem.html">saemix_model()</a></code> <code><a href="saem.html">saemix_data()</a></code> </p>
         </td>
         <td><p>Fit nonlinear mixed models with SAEM</p></td>
       </tr><tr><td>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/intervals.saem.mmkin.html b/docs/dev/reference/intervals.saem.mmkin.html
index e67d8da0..a566ee8d 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/intervals.saem.mmkin.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/intervals.saem.mmkin.html
@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -41,22 +43,29 @@
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -64,6 +73,14 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -138,7 +155,7 @@ class attribute</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/llhist.html b/docs/dev/reference/llhist.html
index 27e55455..2b5afa25 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/llhist.html
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       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
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-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
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     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ original fit is shown as a red vertical line."><meta name="robots" content="noin
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -42,22 +44,29 @@ original fit is shown as a red vertical line."><meta name="robots" content="noin
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -65,6 +74,14 @@ original fit is shown as a red vertical line."><meta name="robots" content="noin
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -137,7 +154,7 @@ original fit is shown as a red vertical line.</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/loftest-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/loftest-1.png
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diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/loftest.html b/docs/dev/reference/loftest.html
index 57bd3ee5..871dfc88 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/loftest.html
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       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -37,6 +37,8 @@ lrtest.default from the lmtest package."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -44,22 +46,29 @@ lrtest.default from the lmtest package."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -67,6 +76,14 @@ lrtest.default from the lmtest package."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -311,7 +328,7 @@ of replicate samples.</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/logLik.mkinfit.html b/docs/dev/reference/logLik.mkinfit.html
index e77121d1..e51a52eb 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/logLik.mkinfit.html
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       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@ the error model."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -45,22 +47,29 @@ the error model."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -68,6 +77,14 @@ the error model."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -173,7 +190,7 @@ and the fitted error model parameters.</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/logLik.saem.mmkin.html b/docs/dev/reference/logLik.saem.mmkin.html
index fc06b36f..6d0102c1 100644
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+++ b/docs/dev/reference/logLik.saem.mmkin.html
@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@
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       <span class="navbar-brand">
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-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
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     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -41,22 +43,29 @@
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -64,6 +73,14 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -124,7 +141,7 @@
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/logistic.solution-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/logistic.solution-1.png
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index ac4961bc..9cfebf03 100644
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       </button>
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-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
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     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ an increasing rate constant, supposedly caused by microbial growth"><meta name="
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -42,22 +44,29 @@ an increasing rate constant, supposedly caused by microbial growth"><meta name="
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -65,6 +74,14 @@ an increasing rate constant, supposedly caused by microbial growth"><meta name="
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -222,7 +239,7 @@ Version 1.1, 18 December 2014
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/lrtest.mkinfit.html b/docs/dev/reference/lrtest.mkinfit.html
index a7198474..d59590c0 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/lrtest.mkinfit.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/lrtest.mkinfit.html
@@ -21,13 +21,13 @@ and can be expressed by fixing the parameters of the other."><meta name="robots"
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@ and can be expressed by fixing the parameters of the other."><meta name="robots"
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -45,22 +47,29 @@ and can be expressed by fixing the parameters of the other."><meta name="robots"
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -68,6 +77,14 @@ and can be expressed by fixing the parameters of the other."><meta name="robots"
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -202,7 +219,7 @@ lower number of fitted parameters (null hypothesis).</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/max_twa_parent.html b/docs/dev/reference/max_twa_parent.html
index 32ffaf6d..507a0758 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/max_twa_parent.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/max_twa_parent.html
@@ -23,13 +23,13 @@ soil section of the FOCUS guidance."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!--
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ soil section of the FOCUS guidance."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!--
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -47,22 +49,29 @@ soil section of the FOCUS guidance."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!--
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -70,6 +79,14 @@ soil section of the FOCUS guidance."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!--
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -208,7 +225,7 @@ EC Document Reference Sanco/10058/2005 version 2.0, 434 pp,
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/mccall81_245T-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/mccall81_245T-1.png
index 79c45fe6..5e4ea6ef 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/mccall81_245T-1.png and b/docs/dev/reference/mccall81_245T-1.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/mccall81_245T.html b/docs/dev/reference/mccall81_245T.html
index 26173c65..c0e9cb37 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/mccall81_245T.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/mccall81_245T.html
@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
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-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -43,22 +45,29 @@
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -66,6 +75,14 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -216,7 +233,7 @@
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/mean_degparms.html b/docs/dev/reference/mean_degparms.html
index feb37a1d..a374d532 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/mean_degparms.html
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@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -41,22 +43,29 @@
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -64,6 +73,14 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -151,7 +168,7 @@ nlme for the case of a single grouping variable ds.</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/mixed-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/mixed-1.png
index dbba1b03..b053d9c9 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/mixed-1.png and b/docs/dev/reference/mixed-1.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/mixed.html b/docs/dev/reference/mixed.html
index 01a0614b..1709944a 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/mixed.html
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       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -41,22 +43,29 @@
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -64,6 +73,14 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -214,7 +231,7 @@ single dataframe which is convenient for plotting</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/mkin_long_to_wide.html b/docs/dev/reference/mkin_long_to_wide.html
index 3e55885f..990506b5 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/mkin_long_to_wide.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/mkin_long_to_wide.html
@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ variable and several dependent variables as columns."><meta name="robots" conten
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ variable and several dependent variables as columns."><meta name="robots" conten
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -43,22 +45,29 @@ variable and several dependent variables as columns."><meta name="robots" conten
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -66,6 +75,14 @@ variable and several dependent variables as columns."><meta name="robots" conten
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -170,7 +187,7 @@ observed values called "value".</p></dd>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/mkin_wide_to_long.html b/docs/dev/reference/mkin_wide_to_long.html
index fb23d3dc..a324d3b8 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/mkin_wide_to_long.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/mkin_wide_to_long.html
@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ mkinfit."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src="htt
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ mkinfit."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src="htt
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -43,22 +45,29 @@ mkinfit."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src="htt
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -66,6 +75,14 @@ mkinfit."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src="htt
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -150,7 +167,7 @@ column of observed values.</p></dd>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/mkinds.html b/docs/dev/reference/mkinds.html
index a7fb9916..6219766e 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/mkinds.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/mkinds.html
@@ -20,13 +20,13 @@ provided by this package come as mkinds objects nevertheless."><meta name="robot
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -37,6 +37,8 @@ provided by this package come as mkinds objects nevertheless."><meta name="robot
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -44,22 +46,29 @@ provided by this package come as mkinds objects nevertheless."><meta name="robot
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -67,6 +76,14 @@ provided by this package come as mkinds objects nevertheless."><meta name="robot
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -231,7 +248,7 @@ and value in order to be compatible with mkinfit</p></dd>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/mkindsg.html b/docs/dev/reference/mkindsg.html
index cbf55fca..6e221a23 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/mkindsg.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/mkindsg.html
@@ -20,13 +20,13 @@ dataset if no data are supplied."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mat
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -37,6 +37,8 @@ dataset if no data are supplied."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mat
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -44,22 +46,29 @@ dataset if no data are supplied."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mat
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -67,6 +76,14 @@ dataset if no data are supplied."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mat
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -419,7 +436,7 @@ or covariates like soil pH).</p></dd>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/mkinerrmin.html b/docs/dev/reference/mkinerrmin.html
index 2c9f0b13..3a8b9610 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/mkinerrmin.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/mkinerrmin.html
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ the chi-squared test as defined in the FOCUS kinetics report from 2006."><meta n
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ the chi-squared test as defined in the FOCUS kinetics report from 2006."><meta n
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -42,22 +44,29 @@ the chi-squared test as defined in the FOCUS kinetics report from 2006."><meta n
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -65,6 +74,14 @@ the chi-squared test as defined in the FOCUS kinetics report from 2006."><meta n
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -179,7 +196,7 @@ Document Reference Sanco/10058/2005 version 2.0, 434 pp,
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/mkinerrplot-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/mkinerrplot-1.png
index 49bb1c0e..078614fc 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/mkinerrplot-1.png and b/docs/dev/reference/mkinerrplot-1.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/mkinerrplot.html b/docs/dev/reference/mkinerrplot.html
index 66bfb508..bc9b828a 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/mkinerrplot.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/mkinerrplot.html
@@ -21,13 +21,13 @@ using the argument show_errplot = TRUE."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@ using the argument show_errplot = TRUE."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -45,22 +47,29 @@ using the argument show_errplot = TRUE."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -68,6 +77,14 @@ using the argument show_errplot = TRUE."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -214,7 +231,7 @@ lines of the mkinfit object.</p></div>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/mkinfit-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/mkinfit-1.png
index 7c51deb6..578f64a5 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/mkinfit-1.png and b/docs/dev/reference/mkinfit-1.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/mkinfit.html b/docs/dev/reference/mkinfit.html
index ee596e89..237d903e 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/mkinfit.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/mkinfit.html
@@ -25,13 +25,13 @@ likelihood function."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><scr
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -42,6 +42,8 @@ likelihood function."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><scr
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -49,22 +51,29 @@ likelihood function."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><scr
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -72,6 +81,14 @@ likelihood function."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><scr
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -384,17 +401,17 @@ Degradation Data. <em>Environments</em> 6(12) 124
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># Use shorthand notation for parent only degradation</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">fit</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">mkinfit</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"FOMC"</span>, <span class="va">FOCUS_2006_C</span>, quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/summary.html" class="external-link">summary</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">fit</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> mkin version used for fitting:    1.2.2 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> R version used for fitting:       4.2.2 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of fit:     Thu Nov 24 08:05:53 2022 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of summary: Thu Nov 24 08:05:53 2022 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> mkin version used for fitting:    1.2.3 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> R version used for fitting:       4.2.3 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of fit:     Sun Apr 16 08:30:40 2023 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:30:40 2023 </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Equations:</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> d_parent/dt = - (alpha/beta) * 1/((time/beta) + 1) * parent</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Model predictions using solution type analytical </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Fitted using 222 model solutions performed in 0.045 s</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Fitted using 222 model solutions performed in 0.014 s</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Error model: Constant variance </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
@@ -535,9 +552,9 @@ Degradation Data. <em>Environments</em> 6(12) 124
 <span class="r-in"><span>      solution_type <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"analytical"</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">}</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>               test relative elapsed</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 3       analytical    1.000   0.616</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 1 deSolve_compiled    1.505   0.927</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 2            eigen    2.455   1.512</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 3       analytical    1.000   0.236</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 1 deSolve_compiled    1.263   0.298</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 2            eigen    2.373   0.560</span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># }</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># Use stepwise fitting, using optimised parameters from parent only fit, FOMC-SFO</span></span></span>
@@ -564,10 +581,10 @@ Degradation Data. <em>Environments</em> 6(12) 124
 <span class="r-wrn co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span class="warning">Warning: </span>NaNs produced</span>
 <span class="r-wrn co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span class="warning">Warning: </span>NaNs produced</span>
 <span class="r-wrn co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span class="warning">Warning: </span>diag(.) had 0 or NA entries; non-finite result is doubtful</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> mkin version used for fitting:    1.2.2 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> R version used for fitting:       4.2.2 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of fit:     Thu Nov 24 08:06:05 2022 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of summary: Thu Nov 24 08:06:05 2022 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> mkin version used for fitting:    1.2.3 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> R version used for fitting:       4.2.3 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of fit:     Sun Apr 16 08:30:44 2023 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:30:44 2023 </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Equations:</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> d_parent/dt = - (alpha/beta) * 1/((time/beta) + 1) * parent</span>
@@ -576,7 +593,7 @@ Degradation Data. <em>Environments</em> 6(12) 124
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Model predictions using solution type deSolve </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Fitted using 3729 model solutions performed in 2.81 s</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Fitted using 3729 model solutions performed in 0.688 s</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Error model: Two-component variance function </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
@@ -688,7 +705,7 @@ Degradation Data. <em>Environments</em> 6(12) 124
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/mkinmod.html b/docs/dev/reference/mkinmod.html
index 2bade85e..50ec64fa 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/mkinmod.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/mkinmod.html
@@ -329,7 +329,8 @@ Evaluating and Calculating Degradation Kinetics in Environmental Media</p>
 <span class="r-in"><span>   parent <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu">mkinsub</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="st">"m1"</span>, full_name <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"Test compound"</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span>   m1 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu">mkinsub</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, full_name <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"Metabolite M1"</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span>   name <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"SFO_SFO"</span>, dll_dir <span class="op">=</span> <span class="va">DLL_dir</span>, unload <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>, overwrite <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
-<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Copied DLL from /tmp/RtmpQitVfY/file9cd3235ec83e.so to /home/jranke/.local/share/mkin/SFO_SFO.so</span>
+<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Temporary DLL for differentials generated and loaded</span>
+<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Copied DLL from /tmp/RtmpiGRJ6t/file5c7f7365e02a0.so to /home/jranke/.local/share/mkin/SFO_SFO.so</span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># Now we can save the model and restore it in a new session</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/readRDS.html" class="external-link">saveRDS</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">SFO_SFO.2</span>, file <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"~/SFO_SFO.rds"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># Terminate the R session here if you would like to check, and then do</span></span></span>
@@ -337,7 +338,6 @@ Evaluating and Calculating Degradation Kinetics in Environmental Media</p>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">SFO_SFO.3</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/readRDS.html" class="external-link">readRDS</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"~/SFO_SFO.rds"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">fit_sfo_sfo</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="mkinfit.html">mkinfit</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">SFO_SFO.3</span>, <span class="va">FOCUS_2006_D</span>, quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>, solution_type <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"deSolve"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-wrn co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span class="warning">Warning: </span>Observations with value of zero were removed from the data</span>
-<span class="r-err co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span class="error">Error in is.loaded(initfunc, PACKAGE = dllname, type = ""):</span> invalid 'PACKAGE' argument</span>
 <span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># Show details of creating the C function</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">SFO_SFO</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">mkinmod</span><span class="op">(</span></span></span>
@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ Evaluating and Calculating Degradation Kinetics in Environmental Media</p>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>     })</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>     return(predicted)</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> }</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> &lt;environment: 0x55558875dc90&gt;</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> &lt;environment: 0x555558bd6708&gt;</span>
 <span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># If we have several parallel metabolites</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># (compare tests/testthat/test_synthetic_data_for_UBA_2014.R)</span></span></span>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/mkinparplot-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/mkinparplot-1.png
index fff98391..6e7bf34f 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/mkinparplot-1.png and b/docs/dev/reference/mkinparplot-1.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/mkinparplot.html b/docs/dev/reference/mkinparplot.html
index 99b0ab33..f7d404ef 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/mkinparplot.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/mkinparplot.html
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ mkinfit."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src="htt
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ mkinfit."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src="htt
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -42,22 +44,29 @@ mkinfit."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src="htt
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -65,6 +74,14 @@ mkinfit."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src="htt
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -146,7 +163,7 @@ effect, namely to produce a plot.</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/mkinplot.html b/docs/dev/reference/mkinplot.html
index a8430f30..d83ea3f4 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/mkinplot.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/mkinplot.html
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ plot.mkinfit."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ plot.mkinfit."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -42,22 +44,29 @@ plot.mkinfit."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -65,6 +74,14 @@ plot.mkinfit."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -131,7 +148,7 @@ plot.mkinfit."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/mkinpredict.html b/docs/dev/reference/mkinpredict.html
index f265a234..01c15a19 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/mkinpredict.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/mkinpredict.html
@@ -124,6 +124,7 @@ kinetic parameters and initial values for the state variables.</p>
 <span>  outtimes <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/seq.html" class="external-link">seq</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">0</span>, <span class="fl">120</span>, by <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">0.1</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
 <span>  solution_type <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"deSolve"</span>,</span>
 <span>  use_compiled <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"auto"</span>,</span>
+<span>  use_symbols <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>,</span>
 <span>  method.ode <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"lsoda"</span>,</span>
 <span>  atol <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">1e-08</span>,</span>
 <span>  rtol <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">1e-10</span>,</span>
@@ -193,6 +194,11 @@ parent compound.</p></dd>
 <a href="mkinmod.html">mkinmod</a> model is used, even if is present.</p></dd>
 
 
+<dt>use_symbols</dt>
+<dd><p>If set to <code>TRUE</code> (default), symbol info present in
+the <a href="mkinmod.html">mkinmod</a> object is used if available for accessing compiled code</p></dd>
+
+
 <dt>method.ode</dt>
 <dd><p>The solution method passed via mkinpredict to ode] in
 case the solution type is "deSolve" and we are not using compiled code.
@@ -388,27 +394,18 @@ as these always return mapped output.</p></dd>
 <span class="r-in"><span>      <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span>parent <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">100</span>, m1 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">0</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/seq.html" class="external-link">seq</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">0</span>, <span class="fl">20</span>, by <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">0.1</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span>      solution_type <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"analytical"</span>, use_compiled <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">201</span>,<span class="op">]</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">}</span></span></span>
-<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Loading required package: rbenchmark</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>               test relative elapsed</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 4       analytical    1.000   0.007</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 1            eigen    1.143   0.008</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 2 deSolve_compiled    8.857   0.062</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 3          deSolve    8.857   0.062</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 2 deSolve_compiled      1.0   0.002</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 4       analytical      1.0   0.002</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 1            eigen      4.0   0.008</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 3          deSolve     30.5   0.061</span>
 <span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># \dontrun{</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="co"># Predict from a fitted model</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="va">f</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="mkinfit.html">mkinfit</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">SFO_SFO</span>, <span class="va">FOCUS_2006_C</span>, quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="va">f</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="mkinfit.html">mkinfit</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">SFO_SFO</span>, <span class="va">FOCUS_2006_C</span>, quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>, solution_type <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"deSolve"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/utils/head.html" class="external-link">head</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu">mkinpredict</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> DLSODA-  At current T (=R1), MXSTEP (=I1) steps   </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>       taken on this call before reaching TOUT     </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> In above message, I1 = 1</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> In above message, R1 = 9.99904e-07</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  </span>
-<span class="r-wrn co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span class="warning">Warning: </span>an excessive amount of work (&gt; maxsteps ) was done, but integration was not successful - increase maxsteps</span>
-<span class="r-wrn co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span class="warning">Warning: </span>Returning early. Results are accurate, as far as they go</span>
-<span class="r-err co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span class="error">Error in out[available, var]:</span> (subscript) logical subscript too long</span>
+<span class="r-err co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span class="error">Error in !is.null(x$symbols) &amp; use_symbols:</span> operations are possible only for numeric, logical or complex types</span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># }</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
 </code></pre></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/mkinresplot-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/mkinresplot-1.png
index 97ccd762..7c64d0f0 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/mkinresplot-1.png and b/docs/dev/reference/mkinresplot-1.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/mkinresplot.html b/docs/dev/reference/mkinresplot.html
index 4d99f5be..e73ac93c 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/mkinresplot.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/mkinresplot.html
@@ -20,13 +20,13 @@ argument show_residuals = TRUE."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- math
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -37,6 +37,8 @@ argument show_residuals = TRUE."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- math
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -44,22 +46,29 @@ argument show_residuals = TRUE."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- math
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -67,6 +76,14 @@ argument show_residuals = TRUE."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- math
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -217,7 +234,7 @@ combining the plot of the fit and the residual plot.</p></div>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/mmkin.html b/docs/dev/reference/mmkin.html
index e0afa788..64623f20 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/mmkin.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/mmkin.html
@@ -206,10 +206,10 @@ plotting.</p></div>
 <span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">time_default</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>    user  system elapsed </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>   1.531   0.312   0.595 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>   1.560   0.668   0.742 </span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">time_1</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>    user  system elapsed </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>   1.821   0.000   1.821 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>   2.033   0.004   2.037 </span>
 <span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="endpoints.html">endpoints</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">fits.0</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="st">"SFO_lin"</span>, <span class="fl">2</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $ff</span>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/multistart-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/multistart-1.png
index dcd493c9..c7937d67 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/multistart-1.png and b/docs/dev/reference/multistart-1.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/multistart.html b/docs/dev/reference/multistart.html
index 0f2988bd..3cdede7b 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/multistart.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/multistart.html
@@ -22,13 +22,13 @@ mixed-effects models by Duchesne et al (2021)."><meta name="robots" content="noi
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ mixed-effects models by Duchesne et al (2021)."><meta name="robots" content="noi
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -46,22 +48,29 @@ mixed-effects models by Duchesne et al (2021)."><meta name="robots" content="noi
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -69,6 +78,14 @@ mixed-effects models by Duchesne et al (2021)."><meta name="robots" content="noi
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -211,8 +228,9 @@ doi: 10.1186/s12859-021-04373-4.</p>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">parallel</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">cl</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/parallel/makeCluster.html" class="external-link">makePSOCKcluster</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">12</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">f_saem_reduced_multi</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">multistart</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_reduced</span>, n <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">16</span>, cluster <span class="op">=</span> <span class="va">cl</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-err co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span class="error">Error in checkForRemoteErrors(val):</span> 16 nodes produced errors; first error: unused argument (mc.preschedule = FALSE)</span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="parplot.html">parplot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_reduced_multi</span>, lpos <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"topright"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
-<span class="r-plt img"><img src="multistart-2.png" alt="" width="700" height="433"></span>
+<span class="r-err co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span class="error">Error in parplot(f_saem_reduced_multi, lpos = "topright"):</span> object 'f_saem_reduced_multi' not found</span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/parallel/makeCluster.html" class="external-link">stopCluster</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">cl</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># }</span></span></span>
 </code></pre></div>
@@ -229,7 +247,7 @@ doi: 10.1186/s12859-021-04373-4.</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/nafta-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/nafta-1.png
index 5d2d434b..98d4246c 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/nafta-1.png and b/docs/dev/reference/nafta-1.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/nafta.html b/docs/dev/reference/nafta.html
index eafbca7f..6d568718 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/nafta.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/nafta.html
@@ -21,13 +21,13 @@ order of increasing model complexity, i.e. SFO, then IORE, and finally DFOP."><m
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@ order of increasing model complexity, i.e. SFO, then IORE, and finally DFOP."><m
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -45,22 +47,29 @@ order of increasing model complexity, i.e. SFO, then IORE, and finally DFOP."><m
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -68,6 +77,14 @@ order of increasing model complexity, i.e. SFO, then IORE, and finally DFOP."><m
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -228,7 +245,7 @@ list element "data" contains the dataset used in the fits.</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/nlme-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/nlme-1.png
index c4fc9d31..9583da2a 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/nlme-1.png and b/docs/dev/reference/nlme-1.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/nlme-2.png b/docs/dev/reference/nlme-2.png
index d9512f41..e941687c 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/nlme-2.png and b/docs/dev/reference/nlme-2.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/nlme.html b/docs/dev/reference/nlme.html
index b8b36d56..81c45ab9 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/nlme.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/nlme.html
@@ -20,13 +20,13 @@ datasets. They are used internally by the nlme.mmkin() method."><meta name="robo
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -37,6 +37,8 @@ datasets. They are used internally by the nlme.mmkin() method."><meta name="robo
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -44,22 +46,29 @@ datasets. They are used internally by the nlme.mmkin() method."><meta name="robo
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -67,6 +76,14 @@ datasets. They are used internally by the nlme.mmkin() method."><meta name="robo
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -173,12 +190,12 @@ datasets. They are used internally by the <code><a href="nlme.mmkin.html">nlme.m
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  Formula: list(parent_0 ~ 1, log_k_parent_sink ~ 1)</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  Level: ds</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  Structure: Diagonal</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>            parent_0 log_k_parent_sink Residual</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> StdDev: 0.000368491         0.7058039 3.065183</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>             parent_0 log_k_parent_sink Residual</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> StdDev: 0.0004253489         0.7058039 3.065183</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Fixed effects:  parent_0 + log_k_parent_sink ~ 1 </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>                       Value Std.Error DF   t-value p-value</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> parent_0          101.18323 0.7900461 43 128.07257       0</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> parent_0          101.18323 0.7900461 43 128.07256       0</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> log_k_parent_sink  -3.08708 0.4171755 43  -7.39995       0</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  Correlation: </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>                   prnt_0</span>
@@ -186,7 +203,7 @@ datasets. They are used internally by the <code><a href="nlme.mmkin.html">nlme.m
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Standardized Within-Group Residuals:</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>         Min          Q1         Med          Q3         Max </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> -2.38427070 -0.52059848  0.03593021  0.39987268  2.73188969 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> -2.38427071 -0.52059848  0.03593021  0.39987268  2.73188969 </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Number of Observations: 47</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Number of Groups: 3 </span>
@@ -213,7 +230,7 @@ datasets. They are used internally by the <code><a href="nlme.mmkin.html">nlme.m
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/nlme.mmkin-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/nlme.mmkin-1.png
index 45e4eebe..818c23a2 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/nlme.mmkin-1.png and b/docs/dev/reference/nlme.mmkin-1.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/nlme.mmkin-2.png b/docs/dev/reference/nlme.mmkin-2.png
index b9a68e92..779adbdb 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/nlme.mmkin-2.png and b/docs/dev/reference/nlme.mmkin-2.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/nlme.mmkin-3.png b/docs/dev/reference/nlme.mmkin-3.png
index 2a724bed..b3785a78 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/nlme.mmkin-3.png and b/docs/dev/reference/nlme.mmkin-3.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/nlme.mmkin.html b/docs/dev/reference/nlme.mmkin.html
index 8c069470..76d667b9 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/nlme.mmkin.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/nlme.mmkin.html
@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ have been obtained by fitting the same model to a list of datasets."><meta name=
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ have been obtained by fitting the same model to a list of datasets."><meta name=
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -43,22 +45,29 @@ have been obtained by fitting the same model to a list of datasets."><meta name=
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -66,6 +75,14 @@ have been obtained by fitting the same model to a list of datasets."><meta name=
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -239,7 +256,7 @@ methods that will automatically work on 'nlme.mmkin' objects, such as
 <span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/stats/anova.html" class="external-link">anova</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_nlme_sfo</span>, <span class="va">f_nlme_dfop</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>             Model df      AIC      BIC    logLik   Test  L.Ratio p-value</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> f_nlme_sfo      1  5 625.0539 637.5529 -307.5269                        </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> f_nlme_dfop     2  9 495.1270 517.6253 -238.5635 1 vs 2 137.9269  &lt;.0001</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> f_nlme_dfop     2  9 495.1270 517.6253 -238.5635 1 vs 2 137.9268  &lt;.0001</span>
 <span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/print.html" class="external-link">print</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_nlme_dfop</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Kinetic nonlinear mixed-effects model fit by maximum likelihood</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
@@ -270,7 +287,7 @@ methods that will automatically work on 'nlme.mmkin' objects, such as
 <span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="fu"><a href="endpoints.html">endpoints</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_nlme_dfop</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $distimes</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>            DT50     DT90 DT50back  DT50_k1  DT50_k2</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> parent 10.79857 100.7937 30.34193 4.193938 43.85443</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> parent 10.79857 100.7937 30.34192 4.193936 43.85441</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="va">ds_2</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/lapply.html" class="external-link">lapply</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">experimental_data_for_UBA_2019</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">6</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">10</span><span class="op">]</span>,</span></span>
@@ -321,12 +338,12 @@ methods that will automatically work on 'nlme.mmkin' objects, such as
 <span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="fu"><a href="endpoints.html">endpoints</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_nlme_dfop_sfo</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $ff</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>   parent_A1 parent_sink </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>   0.2768574   0.7231426 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>   0.2768575   0.7231425 </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $distimes</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>             DT50     DT90 DT50back  DT50_k1  DT50_k2</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> parent  11.07091 104.6320 31.49737 4.462383 46.20825</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> A1     162.30519 539.1662       NA       NA       NA</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> parent  11.07091 104.6320 31.49737 4.462384 46.20825</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> A1     162.30507 539.1658       NA       NA       NA</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/length.html" class="external-link">length</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu">findFunction</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"varConstProp"</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">&gt;</span> <span class="fl">0</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span> <span class="co"># tc error model for nlme available</span></span></span>
@@ -354,7 +371,7 @@ methods that will automatically work on 'nlme.mmkin' objects, such as
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Fixed effects:</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  list(parent_0 ~ 1, log_k1 ~ 1, log_k2 ~ 1, g_qlogis ~ 1) </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> parent_0   log_k1   log_k2 g_qlogis </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 94.04774 -1.82340 -4.16716  0.05686 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 94.04773 -1.82340 -4.16716  0.05686 </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Random effects:</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  Formula: list(parent_0 ~ 1, log_k1 ~ 1, log_k2 ~ 1, g_qlogis ~ 1)</span>
@@ -368,7 +385,7 @@ methods that will automatically work on 'nlme.mmkin' objects, such as
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  Formula: ~fitted(.) </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  Parameter estimates:</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>      const       prop </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 2.23223147 0.01262395 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 2.23223593 0.01262367 </span>
 <span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="va">f_2_obs</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/stats/update.html" class="external-link">update</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_2</span>, error_model <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"obs"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="va">f_nlme_sfo_sfo_obs</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/nlme/man/nlme.html" class="external-link">nlme</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_2_obs</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="st">"SFO-SFO"</span>, <span class="op">]</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
@@ -401,7 +418,7 @@ methods that will automatically work on 'nlme.mmkin' objects, such as
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  Formula: ~1 | name </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  Parameter estimates:</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>    parent        A1 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 1.0000000 0.2049995 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 1.0000000 0.2049994 </span>
 <span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="va">f_nlme_dfop_sfo_obs</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/nlme/man/nlme.html" class="external-link">nlme</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_2_obs</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="st">"DFOP-SFO"</span>, <span class="op">]</span>,</span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span>    control <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/list.html" class="external-link">list</a></span><span class="op">(</span>pnlsMaxIter <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">120</span>, tolerance <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">5e-4</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
@@ -413,7 +430,7 @@ methods that will automatically work on 'nlme.mmkin' objects, such as
 <span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/stats/anova.html" class="external-link">anova</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_nlme_dfop_sfo</span>, <span class="va">f_nlme_dfop_sfo_obs</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>                     Model df      AIC      BIC    logLik   Test  L.Ratio</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> f_nlme_dfop_sfo         1 13 843.8547 884.6201 -408.9274                </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> f_nlme_dfop_sfo_obs     2 14 817.5338 861.4350 -394.7669 1 vs 2 28.32091</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> f_nlme_dfop_sfo_obs     2 14 817.5338 861.4350 -394.7669 1 vs 2 28.32093</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>                     p-value</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> f_nlme_dfop_sfo            </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> f_nlme_dfop_sfo_obs  &lt;.0001</span>
@@ -433,7 +450,7 @@ methods that will automatically work on 'nlme.mmkin' objects, such as
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/nobs.mkinfit.html b/docs/dev/reference/nobs.mkinfit.html
index 8c2d04f0..10f6550b 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/nobs.mkinfit.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/nobs.mkinfit.html
@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -41,22 +43,29 @@
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -64,6 +73,14 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -126,7 +143,7 @@
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/parms.html b/docs/dev/reference/parms.html
index b0385c8a..d4175d41 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/parms.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/parms.html
@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ without considering the error structure that was assumed for the fit."><meta nam
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ without considering the error structure that was assumed for the fit."><meta nam
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -43,22 +45,29 @@ without considering the error structure that was assumed for the fit."><meta nam
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -66,6 +75,14 @@ without considering the error structure that was assumed for the fit."><meta nam
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -86,7 +103,7 @@ without considering the error structure that was assumed for the fit."><meta nam
   <div class="col-md-9 contents">
     <div class="page-header">
     <h1>Extract model parameters</h1>
-    <small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/jranke/mkin/blob/HEAD/R/parms.R" class="external-link"><code>R/parms.R</code></a></small>
+    <small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/jranke/mkin/blob/HEAD/R/parms.R" class="external-link"><code>R/parms.R</code></a>, <a href="https://github.com/jranke/mkin/blob/HEAD/R/saem.R" class="external-link"><code>R/saem.R</code></a></small>
     <div class="hidden name"><code>parms.Rd</code></div>
     </div>
 
@@ -106,7 +123,10 @@ without considering the error structure that was assumed for the fit.</p>
 <span><span class="fu">parms</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">object</span>, transformed <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>, errparms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span></span>
 <span><span class="co"># S3 method for multistart</span></span>
-<span><span class="fu">parms</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">object</span>, exclude_failed <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
+<span><span class="fu">parms</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">object</span>, exclude_failed <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
+<span></span>
+<span><span class="co"># S3 method for saem.mmkin</span></span>
+<span><span class="fu">parms</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">object</span>, ci <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>, covariates <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">NULL</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
     </div>
 
     <div id="arguments">
@@ -133,6 +153,18 @@ in addition to the degradation parameters?</p></dd>
 <dd><p>For <a href="multistart.html">multistart</a> objects, should rows for failed fits
 be removed from the returned parameter matrix?</p></dd>
 
+
+<dt>ci</dt>
+<dd><p>Should a matrix with estimates and confidence interval boundaries
+be returned? If FALSE (default), a vector of estimates is returned if no
+covariates are given, otherwise a matrix of estimates is returned, with
+each column corresponding to a row of the data frame holding the covariates</p></dd>
+
+
+<dt>covariates</dt>
+<dd><p>A data frame holding covariate values for which to
+return parameter values. Only has an effect if 'ci' is FALSE.</p></dd>
+
 </dl></div>
     <div id="value">
     <h2>Value</h2>
@@ -250,7 +282,7 @@ mmkin objects with more than one row).</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/plot.mixed.mmkin-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/plot.mixed.mmkin-1.png
index 8a09a167..2e145bb7 100644
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diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/plot.mixed.mmkin-2.png b/docs/dev/reference/plot.mixed.mmkin-2.png
index 8678c166..b22c1dbb 100644
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index 9bd01852..cd424bf2 100644
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diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/plot.mixed.mmkin-4.png b/docs/dev/reference/plot.mixed.mmkin-4.png
index a849aaee..f6ffe4d5 100644
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diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/plot.mixed.mmkin.html b/docs/dev/reference/plot.mixed.mmkin.html
index 4bd170a1..3d902b77 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/plot.mixed.mmkin.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/plot.mixed.mmkin.html
@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -41,22 +43,29 @@
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -64,6 +73,14 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -99,10 +116,12 @@
 <span>  i <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/nrow.html" class="external-link">ncol</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">mmkin</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
 <span>  obs_vars <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/names.html" class="external-link">names</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">mkinmod</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">map</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
 <span>  standardized <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>,</span>
+<span>  covariates <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">NULL</span>,</span>
+<span>  covariate_quantiles <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">0.5</span>, <span class="fl">0.05</span>, <span class="fl">0.95</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
 <span>  xlab <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"Time"</span>,</span>
 <span>  xlim <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/range.html" class="external-link">range</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">data</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">time</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
 <span>  resplot <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"predicted"</span>, <span class="st">"time"</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
-<span>  pop_curve <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"auto"</span>,</span>
+<span>  pop_curves <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"auto"</span>,</span>
 <span>  pred_over <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">NULL</span>,</span>
 <span>  test_log_parms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>,</span>
 <span>  conf.level <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">0.6</span>,</span>
@@ -143,6 +162,20 @@ variables in the model.</p></dd>
 <code>resplot = "time"</code>.</p></dd>
 
 
+<dt>covariates</dt>
+<dd><p>Data frame with covariate values for all variables in
+any covariate models in the object. If given, it overrides 'covariate_quantiles'.
+Each line in the data frame will result in a line drawn for the population.
+Rownames are used in the legend to label the lines.</p></dd>
+
+
+<dt>covariate_quantiles</dt>
+<dd><p>This argument only has an effect if the fitted
+object has covariate models. If so, the default is to show three population
+curves, for the 5th percentile, the 50th percentile and the 95th percentile
+of the covariate values used for fitting the model.</p></dd>
+
+
 <dt>xlab</dt>
 <dd><p>Label for the x axis.</p></dd>
 
@@ -156,10 +189,11 @@ variables in the model.</p></dd>
 predicted values?</p></dd>
 
 
-<dt>pop_curve</dt>
-<dd><p>Per default, a population curve is drawn in case
+<dt>pop_curves</dt>
+<dd><p>Per default, one population curve is drawn in case
 population parameters are fitted by the model, e.g. for saem objects.
-In case there is a covariate model, no population curve is currently shown.</p></dd>
+In case there is a covariate model, the behaviour depends on the value
+of 'covariates'</p></dd>
 
 
 <dt>pred_over</dt>
@@ -233,6 +267,10 @@ corresponding model prediction lines for the different datasets.</p></dd>
     
 
 <p>The function is called for its side effect.</p>
+    </div>
+    <div id="note">
+    <h2>Note</h2>
+    <p>Covariate models are currently only supported for saem.mmkin objects.</p>
     </div>
     <div id="author">
     <h2>Author</h2>
@@ -290,7 +328,7 @@ corresponding model prediction lines for the different datasets.</p></dd>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/plot.mkinfit-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/plot.mkinfit-1.png
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diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/plot.mkinfit.html b/docs/dev/reference/plot.mkinfit.html
index d125a606..9cf12d82 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/plot.mkinfit.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/plot.mkinfit.html
@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ observed data together with the solution of the fitted model."><meta name="robot
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ observed data together with the solution of the fitted model."><meta name="robot
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -43,22 +45,29 @@ observed data together with the solution of the fitted model."><meta name="robot
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -66,6 +75,14 @@ observed data together with the solution of the fitted model."><meta name="robot
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -336,7 +353,7 @@ latex is being used for the formatting of the chi2 error level, if
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/plot.mmkin-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/plot.mmkin-1.png
index 235e33a7..c4fcb9ac 100644
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diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/plot.mmkin-2.png b/docs/dev/reference/plot.mmkin-2.png
index 7af84edf..8cc727c3 100644
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diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/plot.mmkin-3.png b/docs/dev/reference/plot.mmkin-3.png
index 56bfac50..066958c9 100644
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diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/plot.mmkin-4.png b/docs/dev/reference/plot.mmkin-4.png
index 5da05f40..c91410fa 100644
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diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/plot.mmkin-5.png b/docs/dev/reference/plot.mmkin-5.png
index 3ec224f4..f0a03694 100644
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diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/plot.mmkin.html b/docs/dev/reference/plot.mmkin.html
index 09f311c5..c8fde67c 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/plot.mmkin.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/plot.mmkin.html
@@ -21,13 +21,13 @@ the fit of at least one model to the same dataset is shown."><meta name="robots"
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@ the fit of at least one model to the same dataset is shown."><meta name="robots"
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -45,22 +47,29 @@ the fit of at least one model to the same dataset is shown."><meta name="robots"
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -68,6 +77,14 @@ the fit of at least one model to the same dataset is shown."><meta name="robots"
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -240,7 +257,7 @@ latex is being used for the formatting of the chi2 error level.</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/plot.nafta.html b/docs/dev/reference/plot.nafta.html
index 82b46336..8acaa8b3 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/plot.nafta.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/plot.nafta.html
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ function (SFO, then IORE, then DFOP)."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ function (SFO, then IORE, then DFOP)."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -42,22 +44,29 @@ function (SFO, then IORE, then DFOP)."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -65,6 +74,14 @@ function (SFO, then IORE, then DFOP)."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -144,7 +161,7 @@ function (SFO, then IORE, then DFOP).</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/read_spreadsheet.html b/docs/dev/reference/read_spreadsheet.html
index d0ac47d4..6e7203f4 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/read_spreadsheet.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/read_spreadsheet.html
@@ -22,13 +22,13 @@ factors can be given in columns named 'Temperature' and 'Moisture'."><meta name=
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ factors can be given in columns named 'Temperature' and 'Moisture'."><meta name=
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -46,22 +48,29 @@ factors can be given in columns named 'Temperature' and 'Moisture'."><meta name=
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -69,6 +78,14 @@ factors can be given in columns named 'Temperature' and 'Moisture'."><meta name=
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -165,7 +182,7 @@ is probably more complicated to use.</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/reexports.html b/docs/dev/reference/reexports.html
index ad825391..ee1148da 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/reexports.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/reexports.html
@@ -28,13 +28,13 @@ intervals, nlme
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -45,6 +45,8 @@ intervals, nlme
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -52,22 +54,29 @@ intervals, nlme
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -75,6 +84,14 @@ intervals, nlme
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -126,7 +143,7 @@ below to see their documentation.</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/residuals.mkinfit.html b/docs/dev/reference/residuals.mkinfit.html
index 009f790f..578b5066 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/residuals.mkinfit.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/residuals.mkinfit.html
@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -41,22 +43,29 @@
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -64,6 +73,14 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -136,7 +153,7 @@ standard deviation obtained from the fitted error model?</p></dd>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/saem.html b/docs/dev/reference/saem.html
index 66e5478a..9b9a911d 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/saem.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/saem.html
@@ -160,10 +160,7 @@ Expectation Maximisation algorithm (SAEM).</p>
 <span>  <span class="va">...</span></span>
 <span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span></span>
-<span><span class="fu">saemix_data</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">object</span>, covariates <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">NULL</span>, verbose <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
-<span></span>
-<span><span class="co"># S3 method for saem.mmkin</span></span>
-<span><span class="fu"><a href="parms.html">parms</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">object</span>, ci <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
+<span><span class="fu">saemix_data</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">object</span>, covariates <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">NULL</span>, verbose <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
     </div>
 
     <div id="arguments">
@@ -274,11 +271,6 @@ and the end of the optimisation process?</p></dd>
 <dt>digits</dt>
 <dd><p>Number of digits to use for printing</p></dd>
 
-
-<dt>ci</dt>
-<dd><p>Should a matrix with estimates and confidence interval boundaries
-be returned? If FALSE (default), a vector of estimates is returned.</p></dd>
-
 </dl></div>
     <div id="value">
     <h2>Value</h2>
@@ -448,9 +440,9 @@ using <a href="mmkin.html">mmkin</a>.</p>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/saemix/man/summary-methods.html" class="external-link">summary</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_dfop_sfo</span>, data <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> saemix version used for fitting:      3.2 </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.3 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> R version used for fitting:         4.2.2 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of fit:     Fri Feb 17 22:22:33 2023 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of summary: Fri Feb 17 22:22:33 2023 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> R version used for fitting:         4.2.3 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of fit:     Sun Apr 16 08:32:32 2023 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:32:32 2023 </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Equations:</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> d_parent/dt = - ((k1 * g * exp(-k1 * time) + k2 * (1 - g) * exp(-k2 *</span>
@@ -465,7 +457,7 @@ using <a href="mmkin.html">mmkin</a>.</p>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Model predictions using solution type analytical </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Fitted in 4.212 s</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Fitted in 4.145 s</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Using 300, 100 iterations and 10 chains</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Variance model: Constant variance </span>
@@ -747,7 +739,7 @@ using <a href="mmkin.html">mmkin</a>.</p>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> In above message, R1 = 91</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Error in deSolve::lsoda(y = odeini, times = outtimes, func = x$symbols,  : </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Error in deSolve::lsoda(y = odeini, times = outtimes, func = lsoda_func,  : </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>   illegal input detected before taking any integration steps - see written message</span>
 <span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="co">#anova(</span></span></span>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/schaefer07_complex_case-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/schaefer07_complex_case-1.png
index eee9e0cc..7622ae7f 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/schaefer07_complex_case-1.png and b/docs/dev/reference/schaefer07_complex_case-1.png differ
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index 5ff62d34..880e5ac0 100644
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@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@
       </button>
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-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
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     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -43,22 +45,29 @@
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -66,6 +75,14 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -190,7 +207,7 @@
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/set_nd_nq.html b/docs/dev/reference/set_nd_nq.html
index fab0a72d..6f4ae169 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/set_nd_nq.html
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@@ -21,13 +21,13 @@ it automates the proposal of Boesten et al (2015)."><meta name="robots" content=
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@ it automates the proposal of Boesten et al (2015)."><meta name="robots" content=
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -45,22 +47,29 @@ it automates the proposal of Boesten et al (2015)."><meta name="robots" content=
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -68,6 +77,14 @@ it automates the proposal of Boesten et al (2015)."><meta name="robots" content=
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -247,7 +264,7 @@ Kinetics from Environmental Fate Studies on Pesticides in EU Registration, Versi
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/sigma_twocomp-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/sigma_twocomp-1.png
index 0353b72c..3671c658 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/sigma_twocomp-1.png and b/docs/dev/reference/sigma_twocomp-1.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/sigma_twocomp.html b/docs/dev/reference/sigma_twocomp.html
index 292bf8e8..0ead0184 100644
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       </button>
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         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ dependence of the measured value \(y\):"><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -42,22 +44,29 @@ dependence of the measured value \(y\):"><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -65,6 +74,14 @@ dependence of the measured value \(y\):"><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -185,7 +202,7 @@ Degradation Data. <em>Environments</em> 6(12) 124
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/status.html b/docs/dev/reference/status.html
index c3516f07..df3e3a44 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/status.html
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@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -41,22 +43,29 @@
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -64,6 +73,14 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -160,7 +177,7 @@ suitable printing method.</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/summary.mkinfit.html b/docs/dev/reference/summary.mkinfit.html
index ad8432bf..f627c2f6 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/summary.mkinfit.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/summary.mkinfit.html
@@ -21,13 +21,13 @@ values."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src="http
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@ values."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src="http
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -45,22 +47,29 @@ values."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src="http
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -68,6 +77,14 @@ values."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- mathjax --><script src="http
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -214,17 +231,17 @@ EC Document Reference Sanco/10058/2005 version 2.0, 434 pp,
     <h2>Examples</h2>
     <div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/saemix/man/summary-methods.html" class="external-link">summary</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="mkinfit.html">mkinfit</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"SFO"</span>, <span class="va">FOCUS_2006_A</span>, quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> mkin version used for fitting:    1.2.2 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> R version used for fitting:       4.2.2 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of fit:     Thu Nov 24 08:11:06 2022 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of summary: Thu Nov 24 08:11:06 2022 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> mkin version used for fitting:    1.2.3 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> R version used for fitting:       4.2.3 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of fit:     Sun Apr 16 08:34:39 2023 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:34:39 2023 </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Equations:</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> d_parent/dt = - k_parent * parent</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Model predictions using solution type analytical </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Fitted using 131 model solutions performed in 0.028 s</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Fitted using 131 model solutions performed in 0.009 s</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Error model: Constant variance </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
@@ -303,7 +320,7 @@ EC Document Reference Sanco/10058/2005 version 2.0, 434 pp,
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/summary.mmkin.html b/docs/dev/reference/summary.mmkin.html
index 0c0248fb..c27f1634 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/summary.mmkin.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/summary.mmkin.html
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ and gives an overview of ill-defined parameters calculated by illparms."><meta n
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ and gives an overview of ill-defined parameters calculated by illparms."><meta n
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -42,22 +44,29 @@ and gives an overview of ill-defined parameters calculated by illparms."><meta n
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -65,6 +74,14 @@ and gives an overview of ill-defined parameters calculated by illparms."><meta n
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -135,7 +152,7 @@ and gives an overview of ill-defined parameters calculated by <a href="illparms.
 <span class="r-in"><span>  quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>, cores <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/saemix/man/summary-methods.html" class="external-link">summary</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">fits</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Error model: Constant variance </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Fitted in 0.842 s</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Fitted in 0.509 s</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Status:</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>       dataset</span>
@@ -165,7 +182,7 @@ and gives an overview of ill-defined parameters calculated by <a href="illparms.
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/summary.nlme.mmkin.html b/docs/dev/reference/summary.nlme.mmkin.html
index dcf2bd3d..cb2c20bd 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/summary.nlme.mmkin.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/summary.nlme.mmkin.html
@@ -21,13 +21,13 @@ endpoints such as formation fractions and DT50 values. Optionally
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@ endpoints such as formation fractions and DT50 values. Optionally
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -45,22 +47,29 @@ endpoints such as formation fractions and DT50 values. Optionally
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -68,6 +77,14 @@ endpoints such as formation fractions and DT50 values. Optionally
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -233,13 +250,12 @@ José Pinheiro and Douglas Bates for the components inherited from nlme</p>
 <span class="r-wrn co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span class="warning">Warning: </span>Optimisation did not converge:</span>
 <span class="r-wrn co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> iteration limit reached without convergence (10)</span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">f_nlme</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/nlme/man/nlme.html" class="external-link">nlme</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_mmkin</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
-<span class="r-wrn co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span class="warning">Warning: </span>Iteration 4, LME step: nlminb() did not converge (code = 1). PORT message: false convergence (8)</span>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/saemix/man/summary-methods.html" class="external-link">summary</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_nlme</span>, data <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> nlme version used for fitting:      3.1.160 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.2 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> R version used for fitting:         4.2.2 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of fit:     Thu Nov 24 08:11:11 2022 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of summary: Thu Nov 24 08:11:11 2022 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> nlme version used for fitting:      3.1.162 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.3 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> R version used for fitting:         4.2.3 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of fit:     Sun Apr 16 08:34:41 2023 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:34:41 2023 </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Equations:</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> d_parent/dt = - k_parent * parent</span>
@@ -249,7 +265,7 @@ José Pinheiro and Douglas Bates for the components inherited from nlme</p>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Model predictions using solution type analytical </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Fitted in 0.542 s using 4 iterations</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Fitted in 0.194 s using 4 iterations</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Variance model: Two-component variance function </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
@@ -278,15 +294,15 @@ José Pinheiro and Douglas Bates for the components inherited from nlme</p>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  Formula: list(parent_0 ~ 1, log_k_parent ~ 1)</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  Level: ds</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  Structure: Diagonal</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>          parent_0 log_k_parent Residual</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> StdDev: 6.924e-05       0.5863        1</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>         parent_0 log_k_parent Residual</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> StdDev: 6.92e-05       0.5863        1</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Variance function:</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  Structure: Constant plus proportion of variance covariate</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  Formula: ~fitted(.) </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  Parameter estimates:</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>        const         prop </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 0.0001208853 0.0789968036 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 0.0001208154 0.0789968021 </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Backtransformed parameters with asymmetric confidence intervals:</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>              lower      est.     upper</span>
@@ -365,8 +381,8 @@ José Pinheiro and Douglas Bates for the components inherited from nlme</p>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  ds 4 parent   14    104.8    95.234   9.56590 7.5232     1.271521</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  ds 4 parent   28     85.0    89.274  -4.27372 7.0523    -0.606001</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  ds 4 parent   28     77.2    89.274 -12.07372 7.0523    -1.712017</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  ds 4 parent   60     82.2    77.013   5.18661 6.0838     0.852526</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  ds 4 parent   60     86.1    77.013   9.08661 6.0838     1.493571</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  ds 4 parent   60     82.2    77.013   5.18660 6.0838     0.852526</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  ds 4 parent   60     86.1    77.013   9.08660 6.0838     1.493571</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  ds 4 parent   90     70.5    67.053   3.44692 5.2970     0.650733</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  ds 4 parent   90     61.7    67.053  -5.35308 5.2970    -1.010591</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  ds 4 parent  120     60.0    58.381   1.61905 4.6119     0.351058</span>
@@ -376,7 +392,7 @@ José Pinheiro and Douglas Bates for the components inherited from nlme</p>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  ds 5 parent    1    108.0    99.914   8.08560 7.8929     1.024413</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  ds 5 parent    1    104.9    99.914   4.98560 7.8929     0.631655</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  ds 5 parent    3    100.5    96.641   3.85898 7.6343     0.505477</span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  ds 5 parent    3     89.5    96.641  -7.14102 7.6343    -0.935382</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  ds 5 parent    3     89.5    96.641  -7.14102 7.6343    -0.935383</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  ds 5 parent    7     91.7    90.412   1.28752 7.1423     0.180267</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  ds 5 parent    7     95.1    90.412   4.68752 7.1423     0.656304</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span>  ds 5 parent   14     82.2    80.463   1.73715 6.3563     0.273295</span>
@@ -405,7 +421,7 @@ José Pinheiro and Douglas Bates for the components inherited from nlme</p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/summary.saem.mmkin.html b/docs/dev/reference/summary.saem.mmkin.html
index aa573589..e434ad8d 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/summary.saem.mmkin.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/summary.saem.mmkin.html
@@ -119,7 +119,15 @@ endpoints such as formation fractions and DT50 values. Optionally
 
     <div id="ref-usage">
     <div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span><span class="co"># S3 method for saem.mmkin</span></span>
-<span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/saemix/man/summary-methods.html" class="external-link">summary</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">object</span>, data <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>, verbose <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>, distimes <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
+<span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/saemix/man/summary-methods.html" class="external-link">summary</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span>
+<span>  <span class="va">object</span>,</span>
+<span>  data <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>,</span>
+<span>  verbose <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>,</span>
+<span>  covariates <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">NULL</span>,</span>
+<span>  covariate_quantile <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">0.5</span>,</span>
+<span>  distimes <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>,</span>
+<span>  <span class="va">...</span></span>
+<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
 <span></span>
 <span><span class="co"># S3 method for summary.saem.mmkin</span></span>
 <span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/print.html" class="external-link">print</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span>, digits <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/Extremes.html" class="external-link">max</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">3</span>, <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"digits"</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">-</span> <span class="fl">3</span><span class="op">)</span>, verbose <span class="op">=</span> <span class="va">x</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">verbose</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
@@ -140,6 +148,17 @@ the summary.</p></dd>
 <dd><p>Should the summary be verbose?</p></dd>
 
 
+<dt>covariates</dt>
+<dd><p>Numeric vector with covariate values for all variables in
+any covariate models in the object. If given, it overrides 'covariate_quantile'.</p></dd>
+
+
+<dt>covariate_quantile</dt>
+<dd><p>This argument only has an effect if the fitted
+object has covariate models. If so, the default is to show endpoints
+for the median of the covariate values (50th percentile).</p></dd>
+
+
 <dt>distimes</dt>
 <dd><p>logical, indicating whether DT50 and DT90 values should be
 included.</p></dd>
@@ -312,9 +331,9 @@ saemix authors for the parts inherited from saemix.</p>
 <span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/saemix/man/summary-methods.html" class="external-link">summary</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_dfop_sfo_2</span>, data <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> saemix version used for fitting:      3.2 </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> mkin version used for pre-fitting:  1.2.3 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> R version used for fitting:         4.2.2 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of fit:     Fri Feb 17 22:24:21 2023 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of summary: Fri Feb 17 22:24:21 2023 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> R version used for fitting:         4.2.3 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of fit:     Sun Apr 16 08:34:58 2023 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:34:58 2023 </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Equations:</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> d_parent/dt = - ((k1 * g * exp(-k1 * time) + k2 * (1 - g) * exp(-k2 *</span>
@@ -329,7 +348,7 @@ saemix authors for the parts inherited from saemix.</p>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Model predictions using solution type analytical </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Fitted in 9.426 s</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Fitted in 9.384 s</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Using 300, 100 iterations and 10 chains</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Variance model: Two-component variance function </span>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/synthetic_data_for_UBA_2014-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/synthetic_data_for_UBA_2014-1.png
index 132380a8..11eae1f9 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/synthetic_data_for_UBA_2014-1.png and b/docs/dev/reference/synthetic_data_for_UBA_2014-1.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/synthetic_data_for_UBA_2014.html b/docs/dev/reference/synthetic_data_for_UBA_2014.html
index 729d991a..b8154c47 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/synthetic_data_for_UBA_2014.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/synthetic_data_for_UBA_2014.html
@@ -32,13 +32,13 @@ Compare also the code in the example section to see the degradation models."><me
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -49,6 +49,8 @@ Compare also the code in the example section to see the degradation models."><me
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -56,22 +58,29 @@ Compare also the code in the example section to see the degradation models."><me
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -79,6 +88,14 @@ Compare also the code in the example section to see the degradation models."><me
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -252,10 +269,10 @@ Compare also the code in the example section to see the degradation models."><me
 <span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="fu"><a href="plot.mkinfit.html">plot_sep</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">fit</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
 <span class="r-plt img"><img src="synthetic_data_for_UBA_2014-1.png" alt="" width="700" height="433"></span>
 <span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/saemix/man/summary-methods.html" class="external-link">summary</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">fit</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> mkin version used for fitting:    1.2.2 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> R version used for fitting:       4.2.2 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of fit:     Thu Nov 24 08:11:54 2022 </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of summary: Thu Nov 24 08:11:54 2022 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> mkin version used for fitting:    1.2.3 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> R version used for fitting:       4.2.3 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of fit:     Sun Apr 16 08:35:08 2023 </span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Date of summary: Sun Apr 16 08:35:08 2023 </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Equations:</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> d_parent/dt = - k_parent * parent</span>
@@ -264,7 +281,7 @@ Compare also the code in the example section to see the degradation models."><me
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Model predictions using solution type deSolve </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
-<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Fitted using 833 model solutions performed in 0.574 s</span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Fitted using 833 model solutions performed in 0.166 s</span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Error model: Constant variance </span>
 <span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
@@ -415,7 +432,7 @@ Compare also the code in the example section to see the degradation models."><me
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/test_data_from_UBA_2014-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/test_data_from_UBA_2014-1.png
index e4fc2a4c..a007a102 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/test_data_from_UBA_2014-1.png and b/docs/dev/reference/test_data_from_UBA_2014-1.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/test_data_from_UBA_2014-2.png b/docs/dev/reference/test_data_from_UBA_2014-2.png
index 4ce36561..f460ac83 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/test_data_from_UBA_2014-2.png and b/docs/dev/reference/test_data_from_UBA_2014-2.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/test_data_from_UBA_2014.html b/docs/dev/reference/test_data_from_UBA_2014.html
index 05529e0e..8b0194f6 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/test_data_from_UBA_2014.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/test_data_from_UBA_2014.html
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -42,22 +44,29 @@
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -65,6 +74,14 @@
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -205,7 +222,7 @@
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/transform_odeparms.html b/docs/dev/reference/transform_odeparms.html
index a7a01043..4cb2e575 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/transform_odeparms.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/transform_odeparms.html
@@ -22,13 +22,13 @@ the ilr transformation is used."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- math
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ the ilr transformation is used."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- math
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -46,22 +48,29 @@ the ilr transformation is used."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- math
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -69,6 +78,14 @@ the ilr transformation is used."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- math
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -305,7 +322,7 @@ This is no problem for the internal use in <a href="mkinfit.html">mkinfit</a>.</
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/update.mkinfit-1.png b/docs/dev/reference/update.mkinfit-1.png
index 12fe1f5b..9278aefd 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/update.mkinfit-1.png and b/docs/dev/reference/update.mkinfit-1.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/update.mkinfit-2.png b/docs/dev/reference/update.mkinfit-2.png
index 21817f94..f73a6180 100644
Binary files a/docs/dev/reference/update.mkinfit-2.png and b/docs/dev/reference/update.mkinfit-2.png differ
diff --git a/docs/dev/reference/update.mkinfit.html b/docs/dev/reference/update.mkinfit.html
index cf611716..90aa0edb 100644
--- a/docs/dev/reference/update.mkinfit.html
+++ b/docs/dev/reference/update.mkinfit.html
@@ -20,13 +20,13 @@ override these starting values."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- math
       </button>
       <span class="navbar-brand">
         <a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">mkin</a>
-        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.2</span>
+        <span class="version label label-info" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="In-development version">1.2.3</span>
       </span>
     </div>
 
     <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
-  <a href="../reference/index.html">Functions and data</a>
+  <a href="../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
 </li>
 <li class="dropdown">
   <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">
@@ -37,6 +37,8 @@ override these starting values."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- math
   <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
       <a href="../articles/mkin.html">Introduction to mkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with (generalised) nonlinear least squares</li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_D.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D</a>
     </li>
@@ -44,22 +46,29 @@ override these starting values."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- math
       <a href="../articles/FOCUS_L.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Example evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018 with nonlinear mixed-effects models</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Example evaluations with hierarchical models (nonlinear mixed-effects models)</li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/FOCUS_Z.html">Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset Z</a>
+      <a href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/dimethenamid_2018.html">Comparison of saemix and nlme evaluations of dimethenamid data from 2018</a>
     </li>
     <li>
-      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/multistart.html">Short demo of the multistart method</a>
+    </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Performance</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/compiled_models.html">Performance benefit by using compiled model definitions in mkin</a>
     </li>
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for mkin</a>
@@ -67,6 +76,14 @@ override these starting values."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"><!-- math
     <li>
       <a href="../articles/web_only/saem_benchmarks.html">Benchmark timings for saem.mmkin</a>
     </li>
+    <li class="divider">
+    <li class="dropdown-header">Miscellaneous</li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/twa.html">Calculation of time weighted average concentrations with mkin</a>
+    </li>
+    <li>
+      <a href="../articles/web_only/NAFTA_examples.html">Example evaluation of NAFTA SOP Attachment examples</a>
+    </li>
   </ul></li>
 <li>
   <a href="../news/index.html">News</a>
@@ -150,7 +167,7 @@ remove arguments given in the original call</p></dd>
 </div>
 
 <div class="pkgdown">
-  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.6.</p>
+  <p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.0.7.</p>
 </div>
 
       </footer></div>
diff --git a/docs/dev/sitemap.xml b/docs/dev/sitemap.xml
index b3542d0b..b70dc782 100644
--- a/docs/dev/sitemap.xml
+++ b/docs/dev/sitemap.xml
@@ -54,6 +54,9 @@
   <url>
     <loc>https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/authors.html</loc>
   </url>
+  <url>
+    <loc>https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/coverage/coverage.html</loc>
+  </url>
   <url>
     <loc>https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/index.html</loc>
   </url>
diff --git a/vignettes/web_only/mkin_benchmarks.rda b/vignettes/web_only/mkin_benchmarks.rda
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diff --git a/vignettes/web_only/saem_benchmarks.rda b/vignettes/web_only/saem_benchmarks.rda
index 319b2f5f..a9621825 100644
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