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nonlinear hierarchical models (also known as nonlinear mixed-effects models)
will reliably yield results that are sufficiently similar to each other, if
started with a certain range of reasonable starting parameters. It is
inspired by the article on practical identifiabiliy in the frame of nonlinear
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    <div class="page-header">
    <h1>Perform a hierarchical model fit with multiple starting values</h1>
    <small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/jranke/mkin/blob/HEAD/R/multistart.R" class="external-link"><code>R/multistart.R</code></a></small>
    <div class="hidden name"><code>multistart.Rd</code></div>
    </div>

    <div class="ref-description">
    <p>The purpose of this method is to check if a certain algorithm for fitting
nonlinear hierarchical models (also known as nonlinear mixed-effects models)
will reliably yield results that are sufficiently similar to each other, if
started with a certain range of reasonable starting parameters. It is
inspired by the article on practical identifiabiliy in the frame of nonlinear
mixed-effects models by Duchesne et al (2021).</p>
    </div>

    <div id="ref-usage">
    <div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span><span class="fu">multistart</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span>  <span class="va">object</span>,</span>
<span>  n <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">50</span>,</span>
<span>  cores <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/Sys.info.html" class="external-link">Sys.info</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="st">"sysname"</span><span class="op">]</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="st">"Windows"</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="fl">1</span> <span class="kw">else</span> <span class="fu">parallel</span><span class="fu">::</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/parallel/detectCores.html" class="external-link">detectCores</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span>  cluster <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">NULL</span>,</span>
<span>  <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="co"># S3 method for saem.mmkin</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">multistart</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">object</span>, n <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">50</span>, cores <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">1</span>, cluster <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">NULL</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="co"># S3 method for multistart</span></span>
<span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/print.html" class="external-link">print</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">best</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">object</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="co"># S3 method for default</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">best</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">object</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">which.best</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">object</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="co"># S3 method for default</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">which.best</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">object</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
    </div>

    <div id="arguments">
    <h2>Arguments</h2>
    <dl><dt>object</dt>
<dd><p>The fit object to work with</p></dd>


<dt>n</dt>
<dd><p>How many different combinations of starting parameters should be
used?</p></dd>


<dt>cores</dt>
<dd><p>How many fits should be run in parallel (only on posix platforms)?</p></dd>


<dt>cluster</dt>
<dd><p>A cluster as returned by <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/parallel/makeCluster.html" class="external-link">parallel::makeCluster</a> to be used
for parallel execution.</p></dd>


<dt>...</dt>
<dd><p>Passed to the update function.</p></dd>


<dt>x</dt>
<dd><p>The multistart object to print</p></dd>

</dl></div>
    <div id="value">
    <h2>Value</h2>
    

<p>A list of <a href="saem.html">saem.mmkin</a> objects, with class attributes
'multistart.saem.mmkin' and 'multistart'.</p>


<p>The object with the highest likelihood</p>


<p>The index of the object with the highest likelihood</p>
    </div>
    <div id="references">
    <h2>References</h2>
    <p>Duchesne R, Guillemin A, Gandrillon O, Crauste F. Practical
identifiability in the frame of nonlinear mixed effects models: the example
of the in vitro erythropoiesis. BMC Bioinformatics. 2021 Oct 4;22(1):478.
doi: 10.1186/s12859-021-04373-4.</p>
    </div>
    <div id="see-also">
    <h2>See also</h2>
    <div class="dont-index"><p><a href="parplot.html">parplot</a>, <a href="llhist.html">llhist</a></p></div>
    </div>

    <div id="ref-examples">
    <h2>Examples</h2>
    <div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># \dontrun{</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va"><a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/">mkin</a></span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">dmta_ds</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/lapply.html" class="external-link">lapply</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">7</span>, <span class="kw">function</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">i</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="va">ds_i</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="va">dimethenamid_2018</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">ds</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="va">i</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">data</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="va">ds_i</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="va">ds_i</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">name</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="st">"DMTAP"</span>, <span class="st">"name"</span><span class="op">]</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span>  <span class="st">"DMTA"</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="va">ds_i</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">time</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="va">ds_i</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">time</span> <span class="op">*</span> <span class="va">dimethenamid_2018</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">f_time_norm</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="va">i</span><span class="op">]</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="va">ds_i</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">}</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/names.html" class="external-link">names</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">dmta_ds</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/lapply.html" class="external-link">sapply</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">dimethenamid_2018</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">ds</span>, <span class="kw">function</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">ds</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="va">ds</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">title</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">dmta_ds</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="st">"Elliot"</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/cbind.html" class="external-link">rbind</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">dmta_ds</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="st">"Elliot 1"</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span>, <span class="va">dmta_ds</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="st">"Elliot 2"</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">dmta_ds</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="st">"Elliot 1"</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="va">dmta_ds</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="st">"Elliot 2"</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="cn">NULL</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">f_mmkin</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="mmkin.html">mmkin</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"DFOP"</span>, <span class="va">dmta_ds</span>, error_model <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"tc"</span>, cores <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">7</span>, quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">f_saem_full</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="saem.html">saem</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_mmkin</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">f_saem_full_multi</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">multistart</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_full</span>, n <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">16</span>, cores <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">16</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="parplot.html">parplot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_full_multi</span>, lpos <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"topleft"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-plt img"><img src="multistart-1.png" alt="" width="700" height="433"></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="illparms.html">illparms</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_full</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "sd(log_k2)"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">f_saem_reduced</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/stats/update.html" class="external-link">update</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_full</span>, no_random_effect <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"log_k2"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="illparms.html">illparms</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_reduced</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># On Windows, we need to create a cluster first. When working with</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># such a cluster, we need to export the mmkin object to the cluster</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># nodes, as it is referred to when updating the saem object on the nodes.</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">parallel</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">cl</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/parallel/makeCluster.html" class="external-link">makePSOCKcluster</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">12</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">f_saem_reduced_multi</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">multistart</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_reduced</span>, n <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">16</span>, cluster <span class="op">=</span> <span class="va">cl</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="parplot.html">parplot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_reduced_multi</span>, lpos <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"topright"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-plt img"><img src="multistart-2.png" alt="" width="700" height="433"></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/parallel/makeCluster.html" class="external-link">stopCluster</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">cl</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># }</span></span></span>
</code></pre></div>
    </div>
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