Evaluation of example datasets from Attachment 1 to the US EPA SOP for the NAFTA guidance

@@ -112,12 +119,12 @@

Example on page 5, upper panel

p5a <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p5a"]])

p5a <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p5a"]])

## The SFO model is rejected as S_SFO is equal or higher than the critical value S_c

## The half-life obtained from the IORE model may be used

plot(p5a)

plot(p5a)

print(p5a)

print(p5a)

## Sums of squares:
 ##       SFO      IORE      DFOP 
 ## 465.21753  56.27506  32.06401 
@@ -143,7 +150,7 @@
 ##          Estimate   Pr(>t)   Lower    Upper
 ## parent_0 9.99e+01 1.41e-26 98.8116 101.0810
 ## k1       2.67e-02 5.05e-06  0.0243   0.0295
-## k2       2.86e-12 5.00e-01  0.0000      Inf
+## k2       2.17e-12 5.00e-01  0.0000      Inf
 ## g        6.47e-01 3.67e-06  0.6248   0.6677
 ## sigma    1.27e+00 8.91e-06  0.8395   1.6929
 ## 
@@ -152,7 +159,7 @@
 ##      DT50     DT90 DT50_rep
 ## SFO  67.7 2.25e+02 6.77e+01
 ## IORE 58.2 1.07e+03 3.22e+02
-## DFOP 55.5 4.42e+11 2.42e+11
+## DFOP 55.5 5.83e+11 3.20e+11
 ## 
 ## Representative half-life:
 ## [1] 321.51

@@ -160,12 +167,12 @@

Example on page 5, lower panel

p5b <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p5b"]])

p5b <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p5b"]])

## The SFO model is rejected as S_SFO is equal or higher than the critical value S_c

## The half-life obtained from the IORE model may be used

plot(p5b)

plot(p5b)

print(p5b)

print(p5b)

## Sums of squares:
 ##      SFO     IORE     DFOP 
 ## 94.81123 10.10936  7.55871 
@@ -191,7 +198,7 @@
 ##          Estimate   Pr(>t)   Lower   Upper
 ## parent_0 9.84e+01 1.24e-27 97.8078 98.9187
 ## k1       1.55e-02 4.10e-04  0.0143  0.0167
-## k2       1.16e-11 5.00e-01  0.0000     Inf
+## k2       1.04e-11 5.00e-01  0.0000     Inf
 ## g        6.89e-01 2.92e-03  0.6626  0.7142
 ## sigma    6.48e-01 2.38e-05  0.4147  0.8813
 ## 
@@ -200,7 +207,7 @@
 ##      DT50     DT90 DT50_rep
 ## SFO  86.6 2.88e+02 8.66e+01
 ## IORE 85.5 7.17e+02 2.16e+02
-## DFOP 83.6 9.80e+10 5.98e+10
+## DFOP 83.6 1.09e+11 6.67e+10
 ## 
 ## Representative half-life:
 ## [1] 215.87

@@ -208,12 +215,12 @@

Example on page 6

p6 <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p6"]])

p6 <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p6"]])

## The SFO model is rejected as S_SFO is equal or higher than the critical value S_c

## The half-life obtained from the IORE model may be used

plot(p6)

plot(p6)

print(p6)

print(p6)

## Sums of squares:
 ##       SFO      IORE      DFOP 
 ## 188.45361  51.00699  42.46931 
@@ -239,7 +246,7 @@
 ##          Estimate   Pr(>t)   Lower   Upper
 ## parent_0 9.66e+01 1.57e-25 95.3476 97.8979
 ## k1       2.55e-02 7.33e-06  0.0233  0.0278
-## k2       4.90e-11 5.00e-01  0.0000     Inf
+## k2       3.88e-11 5.00e-01  0.0000     Inf
 ## g        8.61e-01 7.55e-06  0.8314  0.8867
 ## sigma    1.46e+00 6.93e-06  0.9661  1.9483
 ## 
@@ -248,7 +255,7 @@
 ##      DT50     DT90 DT50_rep
 ## SFO  38.6 1.28e+02 3.86e+01
 ## IORE 34.0 1.77e+02 5.32e+01
-## DFOP 34.1 6.66e+09 1.41e+10
+## DFOP 34.1 8.42e+09 1.79e+10
 ## 
 ## Representative half-life:
 ## [1] 53.17

@@ -256,12 +263,12 @@

Example on page 7

p7 <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p7"]])

p7 <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p7"]])

## The SFO model is rejected as S_SFO is equal or higher than the critical value S_c

## The half-life obtained from the IORE model may be used

plot(p7)

plot(p7)

print(p7)

print(p7)

## Sums of squares:
 ##      SFO     IORE     DFOP 
 ## 3661.661 3195.030 3174.145 
@@ -287,7 +294,7 @@
 ##          Estimate   Pr(>t)   Lower    Upper
 ## parent_0 9.89e+01 9.44e-49 95.4640 102.2573
 ## k1       1.81e-02 1.75e-01  0.0116   0.0281
-## k2       1.97e-10 5.00e-01  0.0000      Inf
+## k2       2.30e-10 5.00e-01  0.0000      Inf
 ## g        6.06e-01 2.19e-01  0.4826   0.7178
 ## sigma    7.40e+00 2.97e-15  6.0201   8.7754
 ## 
@@ -296,7 +303,7 @@
 ##      DT50     DT90 DT50_rep
 ## SFO  94.3 3.13e+02 9.43e+01
 ## IORE 96.7 1.51e+03 4.55e+02
-## DFOP 96.4 6.97e+09 3.52e+09
+## DFOP 96.4 5.95e+09 3.01e+09
 ## 
 ## Representative half-life:
 ## [1] 454.55

@@ -309,12 +316,12 @@

Example on page 8

For this dataset, the IORE fit does not converge when the default starting values used by mkin for the IORE model are used. Therefore, a lower value for the rate constant is used here.

p8 <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p8"]], parms.ini = c(k__iore_parent_sink = 1e-3))

p8 <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p8"]], parms.ini = c(k__iore_parent_sink = 1e-3))

## The SFO model is rejected as S_SFO is equal or higher than the critical value S_c

## The half-life obtained from the IORE model may be used

plot(p8)

plot(p8)

print(p8)

print(p8)

## Sums of squares:
 ##       SFO      IORE      DFOP 
 ## 1996.9408  444.9237  547.5616 
@@ -361,12 +368,12 @@
 
 
 Example on page 9, upper panel
-p9a <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p9a"]])
+p9a <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p9a"]])
 ## The SFO model is rejected as S_SFO is equal or higher than the critical value S_c
 ## The half-life obtained from the IORE model may be used
-plot(p9a)
+plot(p9a)
 
-print(p9a)
+print(p9a)
 ## Sums of squares:
 ##       SFO      IORE      DFOP 
 ## 839.35238  88.57064   9.93363 
@@ -392,7 +399,7 @@
 ##          Estimate   Pr(>t)  Lower  Upper
 ## parent_0 9.85e+01 2.54e-20 97.390 99.672
 ## k1       1.38e-01 3.52e-05  0.131  0.146
-## k2       6.02e-13 5.00e-01  0.000    Inf
+## k2       6.69e-13 5.00e-01  0.000    Inf
 ## g        6.52e-01 8.13e-06  0.642  0.661
 ## sigma    7.88e-01 6.13e-02  0.481  1.095
 ## 
@@ -401,7 +408,7 @@
 ##      DT50     DT90 DT50_rep
 ## SFO  16.9 5.63e+01 1.69e+01
 ## IORE 11.6 3.37e+02 1.01e+02
-## DFOP 10.5 2.07e+12 1.15e+12
+## DFOP 10.5 1.86e+12 1.04e+12
 ## 
 ## Representative half-life:
 ## [1] 101.43
@@ -410,17 +417,12 @@
 
 
 Example on page 9, lower panel
-p9b <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p9b"]])
-## Warning in sqrt(diag(covar)): NaNs wurden erzeugt
-## Warning in sqrt(diag(covar_notrans)): NaNs wurden erzeugt
-## Warning in sqrt(1/diag(V)): NaNs wurden erzeugt
-## Warning in cov2cor(ans$covar): diag(.) had 0 or NA entries; non-finite
-## result is doubtful
+p9b <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p9b"]])
 ## The SFO model is rejected as S_SFO is equal or higher than the critical value S_c
 ## The half-life obtained from the IORE model may be used
-plot(p9b)
+plot(p9b)
 
-print(p9b)
+print(p9b)
 ## Sums of squares:
 ##      SFO     IORE     DFOP 
 ## 35.64867 23.22334 35.64867 
@@ -447,7 +449,7 @@
 ## parent_0  94.7123 1.61e-16 93.1355 96.2891
 ## k1         0.0389 1.43e-06  0.0312  0.0485
 ## k2         0.0389 6.67e-03  0.0186  0.0812
-## g          0.7742      NaN      NA      NA
+## g          0.7742 5.00e-01  0.0000  1.0000
 ## sigma      1.5957 2.50e-04  0.9135  2.2779
 ## 
 ## 
@@ -464,12 +466,12 @@
 
 
 Example on page 10
-p10 <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p10"]])
+p10 <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p10"]])
 ## The SFO model is rejected as S_SFO is equal or higher than the critical value S_c
 ## The half-life obtained from the IORE model may be used
-plot(p10)
+plot(p10)
 
-print(p10)
+print(p10)
 ## Sums of squares:
 ##      SFO     IORE     DFOP 
 ## 899.4089 336.4348 899.4089 
@@ -492,12 +494,12 @@
 ## sigma                   4.90 1.77e-04  2.837   6.968
 ## 
 ## $DFOP
-##          Estimate   Pr(>t)   Lower    Upper
-## parent_0 101.7315 1.41e-09 91.6534 111.8097
-## k1         0.0495 6.42e-04  0.0301   0.0814
-## k2         0.0495 1.66e-02  0.0200   0.1225
-## g          0.6634 5.00e-01  0.0000   1.0000
-## sigma      8.0152 2.50e-04  4.5886  11.4418
+##          Estimate   Pr(>t)   Lower   Upper
+## parent_0 101.7315 1.41e-09 91.6534 111.810
+## k1         0.0495 6.48e-04  0.0303   0.081
+## k2         0.0495 1.67e-02  0.0201   0.122
+## g          0.6634 5.00e-01  0.0000   1.000
+## sigma      8.0152 2.50e-04  4.5886  11.442
 ## 
 ## 
 ## DTx values:
@@ -517,12 +519,12 @@
 
 
 Example on page 11
-p11 <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p11"]])
+p11 <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p11"]])
 ## The SFO model is rejected as S_SFO is equal or higher than the critical value S_c
 ## The half-life obtained from the IORE model may be used
-plot(p11)
+plot(p11)
 
-print(p11)
+print(p11)
 ## Sums of squares:
 ##      SFO     IORE     DFOP 
 ## 579.6805 204.7932 144.7783 
@@ -560,7 +562,7 @@
 ## DFOP 4.21e+11 2.64e+12 9.56e+11
 ## 
 ## Representative half-life:
-## [1] 41148169
+## [1] 41148171
 In this case, the DFOP fit reported for PestDF resulted in a negative value for the slower rate constant, which is not possible in mkin. The other results are in agreement.
 
 

@@ -571,14 +573,14 @@
 
 
 Example on page 12, upper panel
-p12a <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p12a"]])
-## Warning in summary.mkinfit(x): Could not calculate correlation; no
-## covariance matrix
+p12a <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p12a"]])
+## Warning in summary.mkinfit(x): Could not calculate correlation; no covariance
+## matrix
 ## The SFO model is rejected as S_SFO is equal or higher than the critical value S_c
 ## The half-life obtained from the IORE model may be used
-plot(p12a)
+plot(p12a)
 
-print(p12a)
+print(p12a)
 ## Sums of squares:
 ##      SFO     IORE     DFOP 
 ## 695.4440 220.0685 695.4440 
@@ -603,8 +605,8 @@
 ## $DFOP
 ##          Estimate   Pr(>t)   Lower   Upper
 ## parent_0  100.521 2.74e-10 92.2366 108.805
-## k1          0.124 5.74e-06  0.0958   0.161
-## k2          0.124 6.61e-02  0.0319   0.484
+## k1          0.124 5.75e-06  0.0958   0.161
+## k2          0.124 6.72e-02  0.0319   0.484
 ## g           0.877 5.00e-01  0.0000   1.000
 ## sigma       7.048 2.50e-04  4.0349  10.061
 ## 
@@ -621,20 +623,20 @@
 
 
 Example on page 12, lower panel
-p12b <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p12b"]])
+p12b <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p12b"]])
 ## Warning in sqrt(diag(covar)): NaNs wurden erzeugt
 ## Warning in qt(alpha/2, rdf): NaNs wurden erzeugt
 ## Warning in qt(1 - alpha/2, rdf): NaNs wurden erzeugt
 ## Warning in sqrt(diag(covar_notrans)): NaNs wurden erzeugt
 ## Warning in pt(abs(tval), rdf, lower.tail = FALSE): NaNs wurden erzeugt
 ## Warning in sqrt(1/diag(V)): NaNs wurden erzeugt
-## Warning in cov2cor(ans$covar): diag(.) had 0 or NA entries; non-finite
-## result is doubtful
+## Warning in cov2cor(ans$covar): diag(.) had 0 or NA entries; non-finite result is
+## doubtful
 ## The SFO model is rejected as S_SFO is equal or higher than the critical value S_c
 ## The half-life obtained from the IORE model may be used
-plot(p12b)
+plot(p12b)
 
-print(p12b)
+print(p12b)
 ## Sums of squares:
 ##      SFO     IORE     DFOP 
 ## 58.90242 19.06353 58.90242 
@@ -677,16 +679,12 @@
 
 
 Example on page 13
-p13 <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p13"]])
-## Warning in sqrt(diag(covar)): NaNs wurden erzeugt
-## Warning in sqrt(1/diag(V)): NaNs wurden erzeugt
-## Warning in cov2cor(ans$covar): diag(.) had 0 or NA entries; non-finite
-## result is doubtful
+p13 <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p13"]])
 ## The SFO model is rejected as S_SFO is equal or higher than the critical value S_c
 ## The half-life obtained from the IORE model may be used
-plot(p13)
+plot(p13)
 
-print(p13)
+print(p13)
 ## Sums of squares:
 ##      SFO     IORE     DFOP 
 ## 174.5971 142.3951 174.5971 
@@ -711,9 +709,9 @@
 ## $DFOP
 ##          Estimate   Pr(>t)    Lower    Upper
 ## parent_0 92.73500 9.25e-15 8.95e+01 9.59e+01
-## k1        0.00258 4.28e-01 1.70e-08 3.92e+02
+## k1        0.00258 4.28e-01 1.45e-08 4.61e+02
 ## k2        0.00258 3.69e-08 2.20e-03 3.03e-03
-## g         0.00442 5.00e-01       NA       NA
+## g         0.00442 5.00e-01 0.00e+00 1.00e+00
 ## sigma     3.41172 1.35e-04 2.02e+00 4.80e+00
 ## 
 ## 
@@ -730,16 +728,16 @@
 
 
 DT50 not observed in the study and DFOP problems in PestDF
-p14 <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p14"]])
+p14 <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p14"]])
 ## Warning in sqrt(diag(covar)): NaNs wurden erzeugt
 ## Warning in sqrt(1/diag(V)): NaNs wurden erzeugt
-## Warning in cov2cor(ans$covar): diag(.) had 0 or NA entries; non-finite
-## result is doubtful
+## Warning in cov2cor(ans$covar): diag(.) had 0 or NA entries; non-finite result is
+## doubtful
 ## The SFO model is rejected as S_SFO is equal or higher than the critical value S_c
 ## The half-life obtained from the IORE model may be used
-plot(p14)
+plot(p14)
 
-print(p14)
+print(p14)
 ## Sums of squares:
 ##      SFO     IORE     DFOP 
 ## 48.43249 28.67746 27.26248 
@@ -765,7 +763,7 @@
 ##          Estimate   Pr(>t)    Lower    Upper
 ## parent_0 1.00e+02 2.96e-28 99.40280 101.2768
 ## k1       9.53e-03 1.20e-01  0.00638   0.0143
-## k2       7.29e-12 5.00e-01  0.00000      Inf
+## k2       7.70e-12 5.00e-01  0.00000      Inf
 ## g        3.98e-01 2.19e-01  0.30481   0.4998
 ## sigma    1.17e+00 7.68e-06  0.77406   1.5610
 ## 
@@ -774,7 +772,7 @@
 ##          DT50     DT90 DT50_rep
 ## SFO  2.48e+02 8.25e+02 2.48e+02
 ## IORE 4.34e+02 2.22e+04 6.70e+03
-## DFOP 2.54e+10 2.46e+11 9.51e+10
+## DFOP 2.41e+10 2.33e+11 9.00e+10
 ## 
 ## Representative half-life:
 ## [1] 6697.44
@@ -783,17 +781,16 @@
 
 
 N is less than 1 and DFOP fraction parameter is below zero
-p15a <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p15a"]])
+p15a <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p15a"]])
 ## Warning in sqrt(diag(covar)): NaNs wurden erzeugt
-## Warning in sqrt(diag(covar_notrans)): NaNs wurden erzeugt
 ## Warning in sqrt(1/diag(V)): NaNs wurden erzeugt
-## Warning in cov2cor(ans$covar): diag(.) had 0 or NA entries; non-finite
-## result is doubtful
+## Warning in cov2cor(ans$covar): diag(.) had 0 or NA entries; non-finite result is
+## doubtful
 ## The SFO model is rejected as S_SFO is equal or higher than the critical value S_c
 ## The half-life obtained from the IORE model may be used
-plot(p15a)
+plot(p15a)
 
-print(p15a)
+print(p15a)
 ## Sums of squares:
 ##      SFO     IORE     DFOP 
 ## 245.5248 135.0132 245.5248 
@@ -816,12 +813,12 @@
 ## sigma                  3.105 1.78e-04  1.795  4.416
 ## 
 ## $DFOP
-##          Estimate   Pr(>t)    Lower    Upper
-## parent_0 97.96752 2.85e-13 94.21914 101.7159
-## k1        0.00952 6.80e-02  0.00277   0.0327
-## k2        0.00952 3.82e-06  0.00902   0.0100
-## g         0.17247      NaN       NA       NA
-## sigma     4.18778 2.50e-04  2.39747   5.9781
+##          Estimate Pr(>t)    Lower    Upper
+## parent_0 97.96752     NA 94.21914 101.7159
+## k1        0.00952     NA  0.00241   0.0377
+## k2        0.00952     NA  0.00747   0.0121
+## g         0.17247     NA       NA       NA
+## sigma     4.18778     NA  2.39747   5.9781
 ## 
 ## 
 ## DTx values:
@@ -832,16 +829,16 @@
 ## 
 ## Representative half-life:
 ## [1] 41.33
-p15b <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p15b"]])
+p15b <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p15b"]])
 ## Warning in sqrt(diag(covar)): NaNs wurden erzeugt
 ## Warning in sqrt(1/diag(V)): NaNs wurden erzeugt
-## Warning in cov2cor(ans$covar): diag(.) had 0 or NA entries; non-finite
-## result is doubtful
+## Warning in cov2cor(ans$covar): diag(.) had 0 or NA entries; non-finite result is
+## doubtful
 ## The SFO model is rejected as S_SFO is equal or higher than the critical value S_c
 ## The half-life obtained from the IORE model may be used
-plot(p15b)
+plot(p15b)
 
-print(p15b)
+print(p15b)
 ## Sums of squares:
 ##       SFO      IORE      DFOP 
 ## 106.91629  68.55574 106.91629 
@@ -858,18 +855,18 @@
 ## 
 ## $IORE
 ##                     Estimate   Pr(>t)    Lower  Upper
-## parent_0               99.83 1.81e-16 97.51349 102.14
+## parent_0               99.83 1.81e-16 97.51348 102.14
 ## k__iore_parent_sink     0.38 3.22e-01  0.00352  41.05
-## N_parent                0.00 5.00e-01 -1.07695   1.08
+## N_parent                0.00 5.00e-01 -1.07696   1.08
 ## sigma                   2.21 2.57e-04  1.23245   3.19
 ## 
 ## $DFOP
 ##          Estimate Pr(>t)    Lower    Upper
-## parent_0 1.01e+02     NA 9.82e+01 1.04e+02
-## k1       4.86e-03     NA 6.75e-04 3.49e-02
-## k2       4.86e-03     NA 3.37e-03 6.99e-03
+## parent_0 1.01e+02     NA 98.24464 1.04e+02
+## k1       4.86e-03     NA  0.00068 3.47e-02
+## k2       4.86e-03     NA  0.00338 6.99e-03
 ## g        1.50e-01     NA       NA       NA
-## sigma    2.76e+00     NA 1.58e+00 3.94e+00
+## sigma    2.76e+00     NA  1.58208 3.94e+00
 ## 
 ## 
 ## DTx values:
@@ -885,14 +882,14 @@
 
 
 The DFOP fraction parameter is greater than 1
-p16 <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p16"]])
+p16 <- nafta(NAFTA_SOP_Attachment[["p16"]])
 ## The SFO model is rejected as S_SFO is equal or higher than the critical value S_c
 ## The representative half-life of the IORE model is longer than the one corresponding
 ## to the terminal degradation rate found with the DFOP model.
 ## The representative half-life obtained from the DFOP model may be used
-plot(p16)
+plot(p16)
 
-print(p16)
+print(p16)
 ## Sums of squares:
 ##      SFO     IORE     DFOP 
 ## 3831.804 2062.008 1550.980 
@@ -917,7 +914,7 @@
 ## $DFOP
 ##          Estimate   Pr(>t)   Lower  Upper
 ## parent_0  88.5333 7.40e-18 79.9836 97.083
-## k1        18.5561 5.00e-01  0.0000    Inf
+## k1        18.5560 5.00e-01  0.0000    Inf
 ## k2         0.0776 1.41e-05  0.0518  0.116
 ## g          0.4733 1.41e-09  0.3674  0.582
 ## sigma      7.1902 2.11e-08  5.2785  9.102
@@ -950,53 +947,11 @@
 

   

 
-  
+  
 
-        
-      
-Contents
-      
-Introduction
-      
-Examples where DFOP did not converge with PestDF 0.8.4
-Example on page 5, upper panel
-      Example on page 5, lower panel
-      Example on page 6
-      Example on page 7
-      
-
-      
-Examples where the representative half-life deviates from the observed DT50
-Example on page 8
-      
-
-      
-Examples where SFO was not selected for an abiotic study
-Example on page 9, upper panel
-      Example on page 9, lower panel
-      Example on page 10
-      
-
-      
-The DT50 was not observed during the study
-Example on page 11
-      
-
-      
-N is less than 1 and the DFOP rate constants are like the SFO rate constant
-Example on page 12, upper panel
-      Example on page 12, lower panel
-      Example on page 13
-      
-
-      DT50 not observed in the study and DFOP problems in PestDF
-      N is less than 1 and DFOP fraction parameter is below zero
-      The DFOP fraction parameter is greater than 1
-      Conclusions
-      References
-      
+        Contents
+    
 
-      
 
 
 
@@ -1007,7 +962,7 @@
 

 
 
-  Site built with pkgdown 1.4.1.
+  Site built with pkgdown 1.5.1.
 
 
       
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cgit v1.2.1

Evaluation of example datasets from Attachment 1 to the US EPA SOP for the NAFTA guidance

Johannes Ranke

2019-11-01

2020-05-12

Example on page 5, upper panel

Example on page 5, lower panel

Example on page 6

Example on page 7

Example on page 8

Example on page 9, upper panel

Example on page 9, lower panel

Example on page 10

Example on page 11

Example on page 12, upper panel

Example on page 12, lower panel

Example on page 13

DT50 not observed in the study and DFOP problems in PestDF

N is less than 1 and DFOP fraction parameter is below zero

The DFOP fraction parameter is greater than 1

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