From 7c62da1269e8910a210ba1917d4dc62d186d5606 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Johannes Ranke Date: Thu, 6 Oct 2016 09:40:35 +0200 Subject: Static documentation rebuilt by pkgdown::build_site() --- docs/DFOP.solution-2.png | Bin 6375 -> 0 bytes docs/DFOP.solution.html | 129 - docs/Extract.mmkin.html | 1199 ----- docs/FOCUS_2006_DFOP_ref_A_to_B.html | 133 - docs/FOCUS_2006_FOMC_ref_A_to_F.html | 131 - docs/FOCUS_2006_HS_ref_A_to_F.html | 133 - docs/FOCUS_2006_SFO_ref_A_to_F.html | 129 - docs/FOCUS_2006_datasets.html | 130 - docs/FOMC.solution-2.png | Bin 6406 -> 0 bytes docs/FOMC.solution.html | 145 - docs/HS.solution-2.png | Bin 6153 -> 0 bytes docs/HS.solution.html | 127 - docs/IORE.solution-2.png | Bin 6168 -> 0 bytes docs/IORE.solution.html | 150 - docs/SFO.solution.html | 119 - docs/SFORB.solution.html | 128 - docs/add_err-4.png | Bin 26860 -> 0 bytes docs/add_err-6.png | Bin 15779 -> 0 bytes docs/add_err-8.png | Bin 14754 -> 0 bytes docs/add_err.html | 201 - 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docs/vignettes/FOCUS_D.html delete mode 100644 docs/vignettes/FOCUS_L.html delete mode 100644 docs/vignettes/FOCUS_Z.pdf delete mode 100644 docs/vignettes/compiled_models.html delete mode 100644 docs/vignettes/mkin.html (limited to 'docs') diff --git a/docs/DFOP.solution-2.png b/docs/DFOP.solution-2.png deleted file mode 100644 index 91efcebb..00000000 Binary files a/docs/DFOP.solution-2.png and /dev/null differ diff --git a/docs/DFOP.solution.html b/docs/DFOP.solution.html deleted file mode 100644 index f9df8bf7..00000000 --- a/docs/DFOP.solution.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,129 +0,0 @@ - - - - -DFOP.solution. mkin 0.9.44.9000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
- -
- -

-Double First-Order in Parallel kinetics -

- -
-
-

Usage

-
DFOP.solution(t, parent.0, k1, k2, g)
- -

Arguments

-
-
t
-
Time.
-
parent.0
-
Starting value for the response variable at time zero.
-
k1
-
First kinetic constant.
-
k2
-
Second kinetic constant.
-
g
-
Fraction of the starting value declining according to the - first kinetic constant. -
-
- -
-

Description

- -

Function describing decline from a defined starting value using the sum - of two exponential decline functions.

- -
- -
-

Value

- -

- The value of the response variable at time t. -

- -
- -
-

References

- -

FOCUS (2006) “Guidance Document on Estimating Persistence and - Degradation Kinetics from Environmental Fate Studies on Pesticides in EU - Registration” Report of the FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics, - EC Document Reference Sanco/10058/2005 version 2.0, 434 pp, - http://focus.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dk

- -
- -

Examples

-
plot(function(x) DFOP.solution(x, 100, 5, 0.5, 0.3), 0, 4, ylim=c(0,100))
-

-
- -
- - -
- - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/Extract.mmkin.html b/docs/Extract.mmkin.html deleted file mode 100644 index b4686a6c..00000000 --- a/docs/Extract.mmkin.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1199 +0,0 @@ - - - - -[.mmkin. mkin 0.9.44.9000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
- -
- -

Subsetting method for mmkin objects

- -
-
-

Usage

-
# S3 method for mmkin -[(x, i, j, ..., drop = FALSE)
- -

Arguments

-
-
x
-
An mmkin object
-
i
-
Row index selecting the fits for specific models
-
j
-
Column index selecting the fits to specific datasets
-
...
-
Not used, only there to satisfy the generic method definition
-
drop
-
If FALSE, the method always returns an mmkin object, otherwise either - a list of mkinfit objects or a single mkinfit object.
-
- -
-

Description

- -

Subsetting method for mmkin objects.

- -
- -
-

Value

- -

- An object of class mmkin. -

- -
- -

Examples

-
# Only use one core, to pass R CMD check --as-cran - fits <- mmkin(c("SFO", "FOMC"), list(B = FOCUS_2006_B, C = FOCUS_2006_C), - cores = 1, quiet = TRUE) - fits["FOMC", ]
-
dataset -model B C - FOMC List,42 List,42 -attr(,"class") -[1] "mmkin" -
-
fits[, "B"]
-
dataset -model B - SFO List,42 - FOMC List,42 -attr(,"class") -[1] "mmkin" -
-
fits[, "B", drop = TRUE]$FOMC
-
$par - parent_0 log_alpha log_beta -99.666193 2.549849 5.050586 - -$ssr -[1] 28.58291 - -$convergence -[1] 0 - -$iterations -[1] 21 - -$evaluations -function gradient - 25 78 - -$counts -[1] "both X-convergence and relative convergence (5)" - -$hessian - parent_0 log_alpha log_beta -parent_0 4.123033 -95.69983 93.17699 -log_alpha -95.699832 6618.85833 -6352.46648 -log_beta 93.176993 -6352.46648 6101.23483 - -$residuals - parent parent parent parent parent parent - 1.046192647 -3.322396479 3.655156669 -1.705316770 0.406306255 -0.123734689 - parent parent --0.036886982 -0.006240458 - -$ms -[1] 3.572863 - -$var_ms - parent -3.572863 - -$var_ms_unscaled - parent -3.572863 - -$var_ms_unweighted - parent -3.572863 - -$rank -[1] 3 - -$df.residual -[1] 5 - -$solution_type -[1] "analytical" - -$transform_rates -[1] TRUE - -$transform_fractions -[1] TRUE - -$method.modFit -[1] "Port" - -$maxit.modFit -[1] "auto" - -$calls -[1] 111 - -$time - user system elapsed - 0.276 0.000 0.277 - -$mkinmod -<mkinmod> model generated with -Use of formation fractions $use_of_ff: min -Specification $spec: -$parent -$type: FOMC; $sink: TRUE - -$observed - name time value -1 parent 0 98.62 -2 parent 3 81.43 -3 parent 7 53.18 -4 parent 14 34.89 -5 parent 30 10.09 -6 parent 62 1.50 -7 parent 90 0.33 -8 parent 118 0.08 - -$obs_vars -[1] "parent" - -$predicted - name time value -1 parent 0.000000 99.66619265 -2 parent 1.191919 90.41690342 -3 parent 2.383838 82.08630014 -4 parent 3.000000 78.10760352 -5 parent 3.575758 74.57722848 -6 parent 4.767677 67.80342415 -7 parent 5.959596 61.68822425 -8 parent 7.000000 56.83515667 -9 parent 7.151515 56.16343898 -10 parent 8.343434 51.16836285 -11 parent 9.535354 46.64890734 -12 parent 10.727273 42.55683931 -13 parent 11.919192 38.84911158 -14 parent 13.111111 35.48727414 -15 parent 14.000000 33.18468323 -16 parent 14.303030 32.43695565 -17 parent 15.494949 29.66740651 -18 parent 16.686869 27.15109578 -19 parent 17.878788 24.86335532 -20 parent 19.070707 22.78206538 -21 parent 20.262626 20.88737647 -22 parent 21.454545 19.16146324 -23 parent 22.646465 17.58830644 -24 parent 23.838384 16.15349953 -25 parent 25.030303 14.84407724 -26 parent 26.222222 13.64836315 -27 parent 27.414141 12.55583436 -28 parent 28.606061 11.55700107 -29 parent 29.797980 10.64329940 -30 parent 30.000000 10.49630626 -31 parent 30.989899 9.80699593 -32 parent 32.181818 9.04110261 -33 parent 33.373737 8.33930082 -34 parent 34.565657 7.69587362 -35 parent 35.757576 7.10564515 -36 parent 36.949495 6.56392657 -37 parent 38.141414 6.06646759 -38 parent 39.333333 5.60941311 -39 parent 40.525253 5.18926438 -40 parent 41.717172 4.80284421 -41 parent 42.909091 4.44726569 -42 parent 44.101010 4.11990420 -43 parent 45.292929 3.81837216 -44 parent 46.484848 3.54049644 -45 parent 47.676768 3.28429799 -46 parent 48.868687 3.04797350 -47 parent 50.060606 2.82987892 -48 parent 51.252525 2.62851456 -49 parent 52.444444 2.44251172 -50 parent 53.636364 2.27062056 -51 parent 54.828283 2.11169922 -52 parent 56.020202 1.96470393 -53 parent 57.212121 1.82868009 -54 parent 58.404040 1.70275424 -55 parent 59.595960 1.58612677 -56 parent 60.787879 1.47806529 -57 parent 61.979798 1.37789865 -58 parent 62.000000 1.37626531 -59 parent 63.171717 1.28501157 -60 parent 64.363636 1.19883967 -61 parent 65.555556 1.11886504 -62 parent 66.747475 1.04461220 -63 parent 67.939394 0.97564441 -64 parent 69.131313 0.91156031 -65 parent 70.323232 0.85199096 -66 parent 71.515152 0.79659697 -67 parent 72.707071 0.74506609 -68 parent 73.898990 0.69711084 -69 parent 75.090909 0.65246649 -70 parent 76.282828 0.61088912 -71 parent 77.474747 0.57215389 -72 parent 78.666667 0.53605348 -73 parent 79.858586 0.50239663 -74 parent 81.050505 0.47100683 -75 parent 82.242424 0.44172111 -76 parent 83.434343 0.41438896 -77 parent 84.626263 0.38887128 -78 parent 85.818182 0.36503953 -79 parent 87.010101 0.34277481 -80 parent 88.202020 0.32196716 -81 parent 89.393939 0.30251479 -82 parent 90.000000 0.29311302 -83 parent 90.585859 0.28432347 -84 parent 91.777778 0.26730596 -85 parent 92.969697 0.25138141 -86 parent 94.161616 0.23647487 -87 parent 95.353535 0.22251689 -88 parent 96.545455 0.20944302 -89 parent 97.737374 0.19719349 -90 parent 98.929293 0.18571281 -91 parent 100.121212 0.17494947 -92 parent 101.313131 0.16485560 -93 parent 102.505051 0.15538676 -94 parent 103.696970 0.14650163 -95 parent 104.888889 0.13816179 -96 parent 106.080808 0.13033150 -97 parent 107.272727 0.12297753 -98 parent 108.464646 0.11606895 -99 parent 109.656566 0.10957695 -100 parent 110.848485 0.10347470 -101 parent 112.040404 0.09773723 -102 parent 113.232323 0.09234125 -103 parent 114.424242 0.08726506 -104 parent 115.616162 0.08248842 -105 parent 116.808081 0.07799245 -106 parent 118.000000 0.07375954 - -$cost -function (P) -{ - assign("calls", calls + 1, inherits = TRUE) - if (trace_parms) - cat(P, "\n") - if (length(state.ini.optim) > 0) { - odeini <- c(P[1:length(state.ini.optim)], state.ini.fixed) - names(odeini) <- c(state.ini.optim.boxnames, state.ini.fixed.boxnames) - } - else { - odeini <- state.ini.fixed - names(odeini) <- state.ini.fixed.boxnames - } - odeparms <- c(P[(length(state.ini.optim) + 1):length(P)], - transparms.fixed) - parms <- backtransform_odeparms(odeparms, mkinmod, transform_rates = transform_rates, - transform_fractions = transform_fractions) - out <- mkinpredict(mkinmod, parms, odeini, outtimes, solution_type = solution_type, - use_compiled = use_compiled, method.ode = method.ode, - atol = atol, rtol = rtol, ...) - assign("out_predicted", out, inherits = TRUE) - mC <- modCost(out, observed, y = "value", err = err, weight = weight, - scaleVar = scaleVar) - if (mC$model < cost.old) { - if (!quiet) - cat("Model cost at call ", calls, ": ", mC$model, - "\n") - if (plot) { - outtimes_plot = seq(min(observed$time), max(observed$time), - length.out = 100) - out_plot <- mkinpredict(mkinmod, parms, odeini, outtimes_plot, - solution_type = solution_type, use_compiled = use_compiled, - method.ode = method.ode, atol = atol, rtol = rtol, - ...) - plot(0, type = "n", xlim = range(observed$time), - ylim = c(0, max(observed$value, na.rm = TRUE)), - xlab = "Time", ylab = "Observed") - col_obs <- pch_obs <- 1:length(obs_vars) - lty_obs <- rep(1, length(obs_vars)) - names(col_obs) <- names(pch_obs) <- names(lty_obs) <- obs_vars - for (obs_var in obs_vars) { - points(subset(observed, name == obs_var, c(time, - value)), pch = pch_obs[obs_var], col = col_obs[obs_var]) - } - matlines(out_plot$time, out_plot[-1], col = col_obs, - lty = lty_obs) - legend("topright", inset = c(0.05, 0.05), legend = obs_vars, - col = col_obs, pch = pch_obs, lty = 1:length(pch_obs)) - } - assign("cost.old", mC$model, inherits = TRUE) - } - return(mC) -} -<environment: 0x44a0b88> - -$cost_notrans -function (P) -{ - if (length(state.ini.optim) > 0) { - odeini <- c(P[1:length(state.ini.optim)], state.ini.fixed) - names(odeini) <- c(state.ini.optim.boxnames, state.ini.fixed.boxnames) - } - else { - odeini <- state.ini.fixed - names(odeini) <- state.ini.fixed.boxnames - } - odeparms <- c(P[(length(state.ini.optim) + 1):length(P)], - parms.fixed) - out <- mkinpredict(mkinmod, odeparms, odeini, outtimes, solution_type = solution_type, - use_compiled = use_compiled, method.ode = method.ode, - atol = atol, rtol = rtol, ...) - mC <- modCost(out, observed, y = "value", err = err, weight = weight, - scaleVar = scaleVar) - return(mC) -} -<environment: 0x44a0b88> - -$hessian_notrans - parent_0 alpha beta -parent_0 4.1230329 -7.473531 0.5968527 -alpha -7.4735307 40.365690 -3.1777189 -beta 0.5968527 -3.177719 0.2503425 - -$start - value type -parent_0 98.62 state -alpha 1.00 deparm -beta 10.00 deparm - -$start_transformed - value lower upper -parent_0 98.620000 -Inf Inf -log_alpha 0.000000 -Inf Inf -log_beta 2.302585 -Inf Inf - -$fixed -[1] value type -<0 rows> (or 0-length row.names) - -$data - time variable observed predicted residual -1 0 parent 98.62 99.66619265 -1.046192647 -2 3 parent 81.43 78.10760352 3.322396479 -3 7 parent 53.18 56.83515667 -3.655156669 -4 14 parent 34.89 33.18468323 1.705316770 -5 30 parent 10.09 10.49630626 -0.406306255 -6 62 parent 1.50 1.37626531 0.123734689 -7 90 parent 0.33 0.29311302 0.036886982 -8 118 parent 0.08 0.07375954 0.006240458 - -$atol -[1] 1e-08 - -$rtol -[1] 1e-10 - -$weight.ini -[1] "none" - -$reweight.tol -[1] 1e-08 - -$reweight.max.iter -[1] 10 - -$bparms.optim - parent_0 alpha beta - 99.66619 12.80517 156.11390 - -$bparms.fixed -numeric(0) - -$bparms.ode - alpha beta - 12.80517 156.11390 - -$bparms.state - parent -99.66619 - -$date -[1] "Sat Sep 10 05:52:53 2016" - -attr(,"class") -[1] "mkinfit" "modFit" -
-
fits["SFO", "B"]
-
dataset -model B - SFO List,42 -attr(,"class") -[1] "mmkin" -
-
fits[["SFO", "B"]] # This is equivalent to
-
$par - parent_0 log_k_parent_sink - 99.174072 -2.549028 - -$ssr -[1] 30.65564 - -$convergence -[1] 0 - -$iterations -[1] 5 - -$evaluations -function gradient - 8 15 - -$counts -[1] "relative convergence (4)" - -$hessian - parent_0 log_k_parent_sink -parent_0 4.163631 -94.09343 -log_k_parent_sink -94.093431 6311.34610 - -$residuals - parent parent parent parent parent parent - 0.55407218 -2.98452128 4.20445742 -1.68599939 -0.58185357 -0.72033730 - parent parent --0.24260405 -0.07020339 - -$ms -[1] 3.831956 - -$var_ms - parent -3.831956 - -$var_ms_unscaled - parent -3.831956 - -$var_ms_unweighted - parent -3.831956 - -$rank -[1] 2 - -$df.residual -[1] 6 - -$solution_type -[1] "analytical" - -$transform_rates -[1] TRUE - -$transform_fractions -[1] TRUE - -$method.modFit -[1] "Port" - -$maxit.modFit -[1] "auto" - -$calls -[1] 29 - -$time - user system elapsed - 0.108 0.000 0.106 - -$mkinmod -<mkinmod> model generated with -Use of formation fractions $use_of_ff: min -Specification $spec: -$parent -$type: SFO; $sink: TRUE -Coefficient matrix $coefmat available - -$observed - name time value -1 parent 0 98.62 -2 parent 3 81.43 -3 parent 7 53.18 -4 parent 14 34.89 -5 parent 30 10.09 -6 parent 62 1.50 -7 parent 90 0.33 -8 parent 118 0.08 - -$obs_vars -[1] "parent" - -$predicted - name time value -1 parent 0.000000 99.17407218 -2 parent 1.191919 90.35253561 -3 parent 2.383838 82.31567498 -4 parent 3.000000 78.44547872 -5 parent 3.575758 74.99369333 -6 parent 4.767677 68.32300215 -7 parent 5.959596 62.24566915 -8 parent 7.000000 57.38445742 -9 parent 7.151515 56.70891509 -10 parent 8.343434 51.66465547 -11 parent 9.535354 47.06908288 -12 parent 10.727273 42.88228661 -13 parent 11.919192 39.06790599 -14 parent 13.111111 35.59281463 -15 parent 14.000000 33.20400061 -16 parent 14.303030 32.42683275 -17 parent 15.494949 29.54246504 -18 parent 16.686869 26.91466193 -19 parent 17.878788 24.52060198 -20 parent 19.070707 22.33949373 -21 parent 20.262626 20.35239512 -22 parent 21.454545 18.54204899 -23 parent 22.646465 16.89273320 -24 parent 23.838384 15.39012410 -25 parent 25.030303 14.02117212 -26 parent 26.222222 12.77398846 -27 parent 27.414141 11.63774182 -28 parent 28.606061 10.60256435 -29 parent 29.797980 9.65946594 -30 parent 30.000000 9.50814643 -31 parent 30.989899 8.80025617 -32 parent 32.181818 8.01747313 -33 parent 33.373737 7.30431867 -34 parent 34.565657 6.65459931 -35 parent 35.757576 6.06267251 -36 parent 36.949495 5.52339762 -37 parent 38.141414 5.03209124 -38 parent 39.333333 4.58448658 -39 parent 40.525253 4.17669637 -40 parent 41.717172 3.80517911 -41 parent 42.909091 3.46670832 -42 parent 44.101010 3.15834451 -43 parent 45.292929 2.87740968 -44 parent 46.484848 2.62146400 -45 parent 47.676768 2.38828471 -46 parent 48.868687 2.17584671 -47 parent 50.060606 1.98230508 -48 parent 51.252525 1.80597899 -49 parent 52.444444 1.64533711 -50 parent 53.636364 1.49898432 -51 parent 54.828283 1.36564963 -52 parent 56.020202 1.24417505 -53 parent 57.212121 1.13350565 -54 parent 58.404040 1.03268029 -55 parent 59.595960 0.94082335 -56 parent 60.787879 0.85713708 -57 parent 61.979798 0.78089471 -58 parent 62.000000 0.77966270 -59 parent 63.171717 0.71143411 -60 parent 64.363636 0.64815202 -61 parent 65.555556 0.59049888 -62 parent 66.747475 0.53797399 -63 parent 67.939394 0.49012119 -64 parent 69.131313 0.44652489 -65 parent 70.323232 0.40680649 -66 parent 71.515152 0.37062104 -67 parent 72.707071 0.33765429 -68 parent 73.898990 0.30761993 -69 parent 75.090909 0.28025713 -70 parent 76.282828 0.25532825 -71 parent 77.474747 0.23261679 -72 parent 78.666667 0.21192552 -73 parent 79.858586 0.19307474 -74 parent 81.050505 0.17590074 -75 parent 82.242424 0.16025436 -76 parent 83.434343 0.14599973 -77 parent 84.626263 0.13301305 -78 parent 85.818182 0.12118154 -79 parent 87.010101 0.11040244 -80 parent 88.202020 0.10058214 -81 parent 89.393939 0.09163535 -82 parent 90.000000 0.08739595 -83 parent 90.585859 0.08348439 -84 parent 91.777778 0.07605845 -85 parent 92.969697 0.06929305 -86 parent 94.161616 0.06312943 -87 parent 95.353535 0.05751406 -88 parent 96.545455 0.05239819 -89 parent 97.737374 0.04773737 -90 parent 98.929293 0.04349113 -91 parent 100.121212 0.03962259 -92 parent 101.313131 0.03609816 -93 parent 102.505051 0.03288723 -94 parent 103.696970 0.02996191 -95 parent 104.888889 0.02729679 -96 parent 106.080808 0.02486874 -97 parent 107.272727 0.02265667 -98 parent 108.464646 0.02064136 -99 parent 109.656566 0.01880531 -100 parent 110.848485 0.01713257 -101 parent 112.040404 0.01560863 -102 parent 113.232323 0.01422024 -103 parent 114.424242 0.01295535 -104 parent 115.616162 0.01180297 -105 parent 116.808081 0.01075310 -106 parent 118.000000 0.00979661 - -$cost -function (P) -{ - assign("calls", calls + 1, inherits = TRUE) - if (trace_parms) - cat(P, "\n") - if (length(state.ini.optim) > 0) { - odeini <- c(P[1:length(state.ini.optim)], state.ini.fixed) - names(odeini) <- c(state.ini.optim.boxnames, state.ini.fixed.boxnames) - } - else { - odeini <- state.ini.fixed - names(odeini) <- state.ini.fixed.boxnames - } - odeparms <- c(P[(length(state.ini.optim) + 1):length(P)], - transparms.fixed) - parms <- backtransform_odeparms(odeparms, mkinmod, transform_rates = transform_rates, - transform_fractions = transform_fractions) - out <- mkinpredict(mkinmod, parms, odeini, outtimes, solution_type = solution_type, - use_compiled = use_compiled, method.ode = method.ode, - atol = atol, rtol = rtol, ...) - assign("out_predicted", out, inherits = TRUE) - mC <- modCost(out, observed, y = "value", err = err, weight = weight, - scaleVar = scaleVar) - if (mC$model < cost.old) { - if (!quiet) - cat("Model cost at call ", calls, ": ", mC$model, - "\n") - if (plot) { - outtimes_plot = seq(min(observed$time), max(observed$time), - length.out = 100) - out_plot <- mkinpredict(mkinmod, parms, odeini, outtimes_plot, - solution_type = solution_type, use_compiled = use_compiled, - method.ode = method.ode, atol = atol, rtol = rtol, - ...) - plot(0, type = "n", xlim = range(observed$time), - ylim = c(0, max(observed$value, na.rm = TRUE)), - xlab = "Time", ylab = "Observed") - col_obs <- pch_obs <- 1:length(obs_vars) - lty_obs <- rep(1, length(obs_vars)) - names(col_obs) <- names(pch_obs) <- names(lty_obs) <- obs_vars - for (obs_var in obs_vars) { - points(subset(observed, name == obs_var, c(time, - value)), pch = pch_obs[obs_var], col = col_obs[obs_var]) - } - matlines(out_plot$time, out_plot[-1], col = col_obs, - lty = lty_obs) - legend("topright", inset = c(0.05, 0.05), legend = obs_vars, - col = col_obs, pch = pch_obs, lty = 1:length(pch_obs)) - } - assign("cost.old", mC$model, inherits = TRUE) - } - return(mC) -} -<environment: 0x43a7a48> - -$cost_notrans -function (P) -{ - if (length(state.ini.optim) > 0) { - odeini <- c(P[1:length(state.ini.optim)], state.ini.fixed) - names(odeini) <- c(state.ini.optim.boxnames, state.ini.fixed.boxnames) - } - else { - odeini <- state.ini.fixed - names(odeini) <- state.ini.fixed.boxnames - } - odeparms <- c(P[(length(state.ini.optim) + 1):length(P)], - parms.fixed) - out <- mkinpredict(mkinmod, odeparms, odeini, outtimes, solution_type = solution_type, - use_compiled = use_compiled, method.ode = method.ode, - atol = atol, rtol = rtol, ...) - mC <- modCost(out, observed, y = "value", err = err, weight = weight, - scaleVar = scaleVar) - return(mC) -} -<environment: 0x43a7a48> - -$hessian_notrans - parent_0 k_parent_sink -parent_0 4.163631 -1203.894 -k_parent_sink -1203.893702 1033188.753 - -$start - value type -parent_0 98.62 state -k_parent_sink 0.10 deparm - -$start_transformed - value lower upper -parent_0 98.620000 -Inf Inf -log_k_parent_sink -2.302585 -Inf Inf - -$fixed -[1] value type -<0 rows> (or 0-length row.names) - -$data - time variable observed predicted residual -1 0 parent 98.62 99.17407218 -0.55407218 -2 3 parent 81.43 78.44547872 2.98452128 -3 7 parent 53.18 57.38445742 -4.20445742 -4 14 parent 34.89 33.20400061 1.68599939 -5 30 parent 10.09 9.50814643 0.58185357 -6 62 parent 1.50 0.77966270 0.72033730 -7 90 parent 0.33 0.08739595 0.24260405 -8 118 parent 0.08 0.00979661 0.07020339 - -$atol -[1] 1e-08 - -$rtol -[1] 1e-10 - -$weight.ini -[1] "none" - -$reweight.tol -[1] 1e-08 - -$reweight.max.iter -[1] 10 - -$bparms.optim - parent_0 k_parent_sink - 99.17407218 0.07815759 - -$bparms.fixed -numeric(0) - -$bparms.ode -k_parent_sink - 0.07815759 - -$bparms.state - parent -99.17407 - -$date -[1] "Sat Sep 10 05:52:53 2016" - -attr(,"class") -[1] "mkinfit" "modFit" -
-
fits["SFO", "B", drop = TRUE]
-
[[1]] -$par - parent_0 log_k_parent_sink - 99.174072 -2.549028 - -$ssr -[1] 30.65564 - -$convergence -[1] 0 - -$iterations -[1] 5 - -$evaluations -function gradient - 8 15 - -$counts -[1] "relative convergence (4)" - -$hessian - parent_0 log_k_parent_sink -parent_0 4.163631 -94.09343 -log_k_parent_sink -94.093431 6311.34610 - -$residuals - parent parent parent parent parent parent - 0.55407218 -2.98452128 4.20445742 -1.68599939 -0.58185357 -0.72033730 - parent parent --0.24260405 -0.07020339 - -$ms -[1] 3.831956 - -$var_ms - parent -3.831956 - -$var_ms_unscaled - parent -3.831956 - -$var_ms_unweighted - parent -3.831956 - -$rank -[1] 2 - -$df.residual -[1] 6 - -$solution_type -[1] "analytical" - -$transform_rates -[1] TRUE - -$transform_fractions -[1] TRUE - -$method.modFit -[1] "Port" - -$maxit.modFit -[1] "auto" - -$calls -[1] 29 - -$time - user system elapsed - 0.108 0.000 0.106 - -$mkinmod -<mkinmod> model generated with -Use of formation fractions $use_of_ff: min -Specification $spec: -$parent -$type: SFO; $sink: TRUE -Coefficient matrix $coefmat available - -$observed - name time value -1 parent 0 98.62 -2 parent 3 81.43 -3 parent 7 53.18 -4 parent 14 34.89 -5 parent 30 10.09 -6 parent 62 1.50 -7 parent 90 0.33 -8 parent 118 0.08 - -$obs_vars -[1] "parent" - -$predicted - name time value -1 parent 0.000000 99.17407218 -2 parent 1.191919 90.35253561 -3 parent 2.383838 82.31567498 -4 parent 3.000000 78.44547872 -5 parent 3.575758 74.99369333 -6 parent 4.767677 68.32300215 -7 parent 5.959596 62.24566915 -8 parent 7.000000 57.38445742 -9 parent 7.151515 56.70891509 -10 parent 8.343434 51.66465547 -11 parent 9.535354 47.06908288 -12 parent 10.727273 42.88228661 -13 parent 11.919192 39.06790599 -14 parent 13.111111 35.59281463 -15 parent 14.000000 33.20400061 -16 parent 14.303030 32.42683275 -17 parent 15.494949 29.54246504 -18 parent 16.686869 26.91466193 -19 parent 17.878788 24.52060198 -20 parent 19.070707 22.33949373 -21 parent 20.262626 20.35239512 -22 parent 21.454545 18.54204899 -23 parent 22.646465 16.89273320 -24 parent 23.838384 15.39012410 -25 parent 25.030303 14.02117212 -26 parent 26.222222 12.77398846 -27 parent 27.414141 11.63774182 -28 parent 28.606061 10.60256435 -29 parent 29.797980 9.65946594 -30 parent 30.000000 9.50814643 -31 parent 30.989899 8.80025617 -32 parent 32.181818 8.01747313 -33 parent 33.373737 7.30431867 -34 parent 34.565657 6.65459931 -35 parent 35.757576 6.06267251 -36 parent 36.949495 5.52339762 -37 parent 38.141414 5.03209124 -38 parent 39.333333 4.58448658 -39 parent 40.525253 4.17669637 -40 parent 41.717172 3.80517911 -41 parent 42.909091 3.46670832 -42 parent 44.101010 3.15834451 -43 parent 45.292929 2.87740968 -44 parent 46.484848 2.62146400 -45 parent 47.676768 2.38828471 -46 parent 48.868687 2.17584671 -47 parent 50.060606 1.98230508 -48 parent 51.252525 1.80597899 -49 parent 52.444444 1.64533711 -50 parent 53.636364 1.49898432 -51 parent 54.828283 1.36564963 -52 parent 56.020202 1.24417505 -53 parent 57.212121 1.13350565 -54 parent 58.404040 1.03268029 -55 parent 59.595960 0.94082335 -56 parent 60.787879 0.85713708 -57 parent 61.979798 0.78089471 -58 parent 62.000000 0.77966270 -59 parent 63.171717 0.71143411 -60 parent 64.363636 0.64815202 -61 parent 65.555556 0.59049888 -62 parent 66.747475 0.53797399 -63 parent 67.939394 0.49012119 -64 parent 69.131313 0.44652489 -65 parent 70.323232 0.40680649 -66 parent 71.515152 0.37062104 -67 parent 72.707071 0.33765429 -68 parent 73.898990 0.30761993 -69 parent 75.090909 0.28025713 -70 parent 76.282828 0.25532825 -71 parent 77.474747 0.23261679 -72 parent 78.666667 0.21192552 -73 parent 79.858586 0.19307474 -74 parent 81.050505 0.17590074 -75 parent 82.242424 0.16025436 -76 parent 83.434343 0.14599973 -77 parent 84.626263 0.13301305 -78 parent 85.818182 0.12118154 -79 parent 87.010101 0.11040244 -80 parent 88.202020 0.10058214 -81 parent 89.393939 0.09163535 -82 parent 90.000000 0.08739595 -83 parent 90.585859 0.08348439 -84 parent 91.777778 0.07605845 -85 parent 92.969697 0.06929305 -86 parent 94.161616 0.06312943 -87 parent 95.353535 0.05751406 -88 parent 96.545455 0.05239819 -89 parent 97.737374 0.04773737 -90 parent 98.929293 0.04349113 -91 parent 100.121212 0.03962259 -92 parent 101.313131 0.03609816 -93 parent 102.505051 0.03288723 -94 parent 103.696970 0.02996191 -95 parent 104.888889 0.02729679 -96 parent 106.080808 0.02486874 -97 parent 107.272727 0.02265667 -98 parent 108.464646 0.02064136 -99 parent 109.656566 0.01880531 -100 parent 110.848485 0.01713257 -101 parent 112.040404 0.01560863 -102 parent 113.232323 0.01422024 -103 parent 114.424242 0.01295535 -104 parent 115.616162 0.01180297 -105 parent 116.808081 0.01075310 -106 parent 118.000000 0.00979661 - -$cost -function (P) -{ - assign("calls", calls + 1, inherits = TRUE) - if (trace_parms) - cat(P, "\n") - if (length(state.ini.optim) > 0) { - odeini <- c(P[1:length(state.ini.optim)], state.ini.fixed) - names(odeini) <- c(state.ini.optim.boxnames, state.ini.fixed.boxnames) - } - else { - odeini <- state.ini.fixed - names(odeini) <- state.ini.fixed.boxnames - } - odeparms <- c(P[(length(state.ini.optim) + 1):length(P)], - transparms.fixed) - parms <- backtransform_odeparms(odeparms, mkinmod, transform_rates = transform_rates, - transform_fractions = transform_fractions) - out <- mkinpredict(mkinmod, parms, odeini, outtimes, solution_type = solution_type, - use_compiled = use_compiled, method.ode = method.ode, - atol = atol, rtol = rtol, ...) - assign("out_predicted", out, inherits = TRUE) - mC <- modCost(out, observed, y = "value", err = err, weight = weight, - scaleVar = scaleVar) - if (mC$model < cost.old) { - if (!quiet) - cat("Model cost at call ", calls, ": ", mC$model, - "\n") - if (plot) { - outtimes_plot = seq(min(observed$time), max(observed$time), - length.out = 100) - out_plot <- mkinpredict(mkinmod, parms, odeini, outtimes_plot, - solution_type = solution_type, use_compiled = use_compiled, - method.ode = method.ode, atol = atol, rtol = rtol, - ...) - plot(0, type = "n", xlim = range(observed$time), - ylim = c(0, max(observed$value, na.rm = TRUE)), - xlab = "Time", ylab = "Observed") - col_obs <- pch_obs <- 1:length(obs_vars) - lty_obs <- rep(1, length(obs_vars)) - names(col_obs) <- names(pch_obs) <- names(lty_obs) <- obs_vars - for (obs_var in obs_vars) { - points(subset(observed, name == obs_var, c(time, - value)), pch = pch_obs[obs_var], col = col_obs[obs_var]) - } - matlines(out_plot$time, out_plot[-1], col = col_obs, - lty = lty_obs) - legend("topright", inset = c(0.05, 0.05), legend = obs_vars, - col = col_obs, pch = pch_obs, lty = 1:length(pch_obs)) - } - assign("cost.old", mC$model, inherits = TRUE) - } - return(mC) -} -<environment: 0x43a7a48> - -$cost_notrans -function (P) -{ - if (length(state.ini.optim) > 0) { - odeini <- c(P[1:length(state.ini.optim)], state.ini.fixed) - names(odeini) <- c(state.ini.optim.boxnames, state.ini.fixed.boxnames) - } - else { - odeini <- state.ini.fixed - names(odeini) <- state.ini.fixed.boxnames - } - odeparms <- c(P[(length(state.ini.optim) + 1):length(P)], - parms.fixed) - out <- mkinpredict(mkinmod, odeparms, odeini, outtimes, solution_type = solution_type, - use_compiled = use_compiled, method.ode = method.ode, - atol = atol, rtol = rtol, ...) - mC <- modCost(out, observed, y = "value", err = err, weight = weight, - scaleVar = scaleVar) - return(mC) -} -<environment: 0x43a7a48> - -$hessian_notrans - parent_0 k_parent_sink -parent_0 4.163631 -1203.894 -k_parent_sink -1203.893702 1033188.753 - -$start - value type -parent_0 98.62 state -k_parent_sink 0.10 deparm - -$start_transformed - value lower upper -parent_0 98.620000 -Inf Inf -log_k_parent_sink -2.302585 -Inf Inf - -$fixed -[1] value type -<0 rows> (or 0-length row.names) - -$data - time variable observed predicted residual -1 0 parent 98.62 99.17407218 -0.55407218 -2 3 parent 81.43 78.44547872 2.98452128 -3 7 parent 53.18 57.38445742 -4.20445742 -4 14 parent 34.89 33.20400061 1.68599939 -5 30 parent 10.09 9.50814643 0.58185357 -6 62 parent 1.50 0.77966270 0.72033730 -7 90 parent 0.33 0.08739595 0.24260405 -8 118 parent 0.08 0.00979661 0.07020339 - -$atol -[1] 1e-08 - -$rtol -[1] 1e-10 - -$weight.ini -[1] "none" - -$reweight.tol -[1] 1e-08 - -$reweight.max.iter -[1] 10 - -$bparms.optim - parent_0 k_parent_sink - 99.17407218 0.07815759 - -$bparms.fixed -numeric(0) - -$bparms.ode -k_parent_sink - 0.07815759 - -$bparms.state - parent -99.17407 - -$date -[1] "Sat Sep 10 05:52:53 2016" - -attr(,"class") -[1] "mkinfit" "modFit" - -
-
- -
- - -
- - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/FOCUS_2006_DFOP_ref_A_to_B.html b/docs/FOCUS_2006_DFOP_ref_A_to_B.html deleted file mode 100644 index 6e1c4986..00000000 --- a/docs/FOCUS_2006_DFOP_ref_A_to_B.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,133 +0,0 @@ - - - - -FOCUS_2006_DFOP_ref_A_to_B. mkin 0.9.44.9000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
- -
- -

-Results of fitting the DFOP model to Datasets A to B of FOCUS (2006) -

- -
-
-

Usage

-
data(FOCUS_2006_DFOP_ref_A_to_B)
- -
-

Description

- -

A table with the fitted parameters and the resulting DT50 and DT90 values -generated with different software packages. Taken directly from FOCUS (2006). -The results from fitting the data with the Topfit software was removed, as -the initial concentration of the parent compound was fixed to a value of 100 -in this fit.

- -
- -
-

Format

- -

A data frame containing the following variables. -

-
package
a factor giving the name of the software package

- -

M0
The fitted initial concentration of the parent compound

- -

f
The fitted f parameter

- -

k1
The fitted k1 parameter

- -

k2
The fitted k2 parameter

- -

DT50
The resulting half-life of the parent compound

- -

DT90
The resulting DT90 of the parent compound

- -

dataset
The FOCUS dataset that was used

- -

- -

- -
- -
-

Source

- -

FOCUS (2006) “Guidance Document on Estimating Persistence and - Degradation Kinetics from Environmental Fate Studies on Pesticides in EU - Registration” Report of the FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics, - EC Document Reference Sanco/10058/2005 version 2.0, 434 pp, - http://focus.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dk

- -
- -

Examples

-
data(FOCUS_2006_DFOP_ref_A_to_B)
-
- -
- - -
- - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/FOCUS_2006_FOMC_ref_A_to_F.html b/docs/FOCUS_2006_FOMC_ref_A_to_F.html deleted file mode 100644 index 580cdb88..00000000 --- a/docs/FOCUS_2006_FOMC_ref_A_to_F.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,131 +0,0 @@ - - - - -FOCUS_2006_FOMC_ref_A_to_F. mkin 0.9.44.9000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
- -
- -

-Results of fitting the FOMC model to Datasets A to F of FOCUS (2006) -

- -
-
-

Usage

-
data(FOCUS_2006_FOMC_ref_A_to_F)
- -
-

Description

- -

A table with the fitted parameters and the resulting DT50 and DT90 values -generated with different software packages. Taken directly from FOCUS (2006). -The results from fitting the data with the Topfit software was removed, as -the initial concentration of the parent compound was fixed to a value of 100 -in this fit.

- -
- -
-

Format

- -

A data frame containing the following variables. -

-
package
a factor giving the name of the software package

- -

M0
The fitted initial concentration of the parent compound

- -

alpha
The fitted alpha parameter

- -

beta
The fitted beta parameter

- -

DT50
The resulting half-life of the parent compound

- -

DT90
The resulting DT90 of the parent compound

- -

dataset
The FOCUS dataset that was used

- -

- -

- -
- -
-

Source

- -

FOCUS (2006) “Guidance Document on Estimating Persistence and - Degradation Kinetics from Environmental Fate Studies on Pesticides in EU - Registration” Report of the FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics, - EC Document Reference Sanco/10058/2005 version 2.0, 434 pp, - http://focus.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dk

- -
- -

Examples

-
data(FOCUS_2006_FOMC_ref_A_to_F)
-
- -
- - -
- - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/FOCUS_2006_HS_ref_A_to_F.html b/docs/FOCUS_2006_HS_ref_A_to_F.html deleted file mode 100644 index 65c11f59..00000000 --- a/docs/FOCUS_2006_HS_ref_A_to_F.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,133 +0,0 @@ - - - - -FOCUS_2006_HS_ref_A_to_F. mkin 0.9.44.9000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
- -
- -

-Results of fitting the HS model to Datasets A to F of FOCUS (2006) -

- -
-
-

Usage

-
data(FOCUS_2006_HS_ref_A_to_F)
- -
-

Description

- -

A table with the fitted parameters and the resulting DT50 and DT90 values -generated with different software packages. Taken directly from FOCUS (2006). -The results from fitting the data with the Topfit software was removed, as -the initial concentration of the parent compound was fixed to a value of 100 -in this fit.

- -
- -
-

Format

- -

A data frame containing the following variables. -

-
package
a factor giving the name of the software package

- -

M0
The fitted initial concentration of the parent compound

- -

tb
The fitted tb parameter

- -

k1
The fitted k1 parameter

- -

k2
The fitted k2 parameter

- -

DT50
The resulting half-life of the parent compound

- -

DT90
The resulting DT90 of the parent compound

- -

dataset
The FOCUS dataset that was used

- -

- -

- -
- -
-

Source

- -

FOCUS (2006) “Guidance Document on Estimating Persistence and - Degradation Kinetics from Environmental Fate Studies on Pesticides in EU - Registration” Report of the FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics, - EC Document Reference Sanco/10058/2005 version 2.0, 434 pp, - http://focus.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dk

- -
- -

Examples

-
data(FOCUS_2006_HS_ref_A_to_F)
-
- -
- - -
- - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/FOCUS_2006_SFO_ref_A_to_F.html b/docs/FOCUS_2006_SFO_ref_A_to_F.html deleted file mode 100644 index ab33a3a5..00000000 --- a/docs/FOCUS_2006_SFO_ref_A_to_F.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,129 +0,0 @@ - - - - -FOCUS_2006_SFO_ref_A_to_F. mkin 0.9.44.9000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
- -
- -

-Results of fitting the SFO model to Datasets A to F of FOCUS (2006) -

- -
-
-

Usage

-
data(FOCUS_2006_SFO_ref_A_to_F)
- -
-

Description

- -

A table with the fitted parameters and the resulting DT50 and DT90 values -generated with different software packages. Taken directly from FOCUS (2006). -The results from fitting the data with the Topfit software was removed, as -the initial concentration of the parent compound was fixed to a value of 100 -in this fit.

- -
- -
-

Format

- -

A data frame containing the following variables. -

-
package
a factor giving the name of the software package

- -

M0
The fitted initial concentration of the parent compound

- -

k
The fitted first-order degradation rate constant

- -

DT50
The resulting half-life of the parent compound

- -

DT90
The resulting DT90 of the parent compound

- -

dataset
The FOCUS dataset that was used

- -

- -

- -
- -
-

Source

- -

FOCUS (2006) “Guidance Document on Estimating Persistence and - Degradation Kinetics from Environmental Fate Studies on Pesticides in EU - Registration” Report of the FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics, - EC Document Reference Sanco/10058/2005 version 2.0, 434 pp, - http://focus.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dk

- -
- -

Examples

-
data(FOCUS_2006_SFO_ref_A_to_F)
-
- -
- - -
- - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/FOCUS_2006_datasets.html b/docs/FOCUS_2006_datasets.html deleted file mode 100644 index 4de4d54e..00000000 --- a/docs/FOCUS_2006_datasets.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,130 +0,0 @@ - - - - -FOCUS_2006_datasets. mkin 0.9.44.9000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
- -
- -

-Datasets A to F from the FOCUS Kinetics report from 2006 -

- -
-
-

Usage

-
FOCUS_2006_datasets
- -
-

Description

- -

Data taken from FOCUS (2006), p. 258.

- -
- -
-

Format

- -

6 datasets with observations on the following variables. -

-
name
a factor containing the name of the observed variable

- -

time
a numeric vector containing time points

- -

value
a numeric vector containing concentrations in percent of applied radioactivity

- -

- -

- -
- -
-

Source

- -

FOCUS (2006) “Guidance Document on Estimating Persistence and - Degradation Kinetics from Environmental Fate Studies on Pesticides in EU - Registration” Report of the FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics, - EC Document Reference Sanco/10058/2005 version 2.0, 434 pp, - http://focus.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dk

- -
- -

Examples

-
FOCUS_2006_C
-
name time value -1 parent 0 85.1 -2 parent 1 57.9 -3 parent 3 29.9 -4 parent 7 14.6 -5 parent 14 9.7 -6 parent 28 6.6 -7 parent 63 4.0 -8 parent 91 3.9 -9 parent 119 0.6 -
-
- -
- - -
- - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/FOMC.solution-2.png b/docs/FOMC.solution-2.png deleted file mode 100644 index 0efe8f07..00000000 Binary files a/docs/FOMC.solution-2.png and /dev/null differ diff --git a/docs/FOMC.solution.html b/docs/FOMC.solution.html deleted file mode 100644 index fe8b875d..00000000 --- a/docs/FOMC.solution.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,145 +0,0 @@ - - - - -FOMC.solution. mkin 0.9.44.9000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
- -
- -

First-Order Multi-Compartment kinetics

- -
-
-

Usage

-
FOMC.solution(t, parent.0, alpha, beta)
- -

Arguments

-
-
t
-
Time.
-
parent.0
-
Starting value for the response variable at time zero.
-
alpha
-
- Shape parameter determined by coefficient of variation of rate constant - values.
-
beta
-
- Location parameter. -
-
- -
-

Description

- -

Function describing exponential decline from a defined starting value, with - a decreasing rate constant.

- -

The form given here differs slightly from the original reference by Gustafson - and Holden (1990). The parameter beta corresponds to 1/beta in the - original equation.

- -
- -
-

Note

- -

The solution of the FOMC kinetic model reduces to the - SFO.solution for large values of alpha and - beta with - $k = beta/alpha$.

- -
- -
-

Value

- -

- The value of the response variable at time t. -

- -
- -
-

References

- -

FOCUS (2006) “Guidance Document on Estimating Persistence and - Degradation Kinetics from Environmental Fate Studies on Pesticides in EU - Registration” Report of the FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics, - EC Document Reference Sanco/10058/2005 version 2.0, 434 pp, - http://focus.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dk

- -

Gustafson DI and Holden LR (1990) Nonlinear pesticide dissipation in soil: A - new model based on spatial variability. Environmental Science and - Technology 24, 1032-1038

- -
- -

Examples

-
plot(function(x) FOMC.solution(x, 100, 10, 2), 0, 2, ylim = c(0, 100))
-

-
- -
- - -
- - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/HS.solution-2.png b/docs/HS.solution-2.png deleted file mode 100644 index 0bdb37a9..00000000 Binary files a/docs/HS.solution-2.png and /dev/null differ diff --git a/docs/HS.solution.html b/docs/HS.solution.html deleted file mode 100644 index 836a6063..00000000 --- a/docs/HS.solution.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,127 +0,0 @@ - - - - -HS.solution. mkin 0.9.44.9000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
- -
- -

Hockey-Stick kinetics

- -
-
-

Usage

-
HS.solution(t, parent.0, k1, k2, tb)
- -

Arguments

-
-
t
-
Time.
-
parent.0
-
Starting value for the response variable at time zero.
-
k1
-
First kinetic constant.
-
k2
-
Second kinetic constant.
-
tb
-
Break point. Before this time, exponential decline according - to k1 is calculated, after this time, exponential decline proceeds - according to k2.
-
- -
-

Description

- -

Function describing two exponential decline functions with a break point - between them.

- -
- -
-

Value

- -

- The value of the response variable at time t. -

- -
- -
-

References

- -

FOCUS (2006) “Guidance Document on Estimating Persistence and - Degradation Kinetics from Environmental Fate Studies on Pesticides in EU - Registration” Report of the FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics, - EC Document Reference Sanco/10058/2005 version 2.0, 434 pp, - http://focus.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dk

- -
- -

Examples

-
plot(function(x) HS.solution(x, 100, 2, 0.3, 0.5), 0, 2, ylim=c(0,100))
-

-
- -
- - -
- - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/IORE.solution-2.png b/docs/IORE.solution-2.png deleted file mode 100644 index df268b64..00000000 Binary files a/docs/IORE.solution-2.png and /dev/null differ diff --git a/docs/IORE.solution.html b/docs/IORE.solution.html deleted file mode 100644 index df94ef72..00000000 --- a/docs/IORE.solution.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,150 +0,0 @@ - - - - -IORE.solution. mkin 0.9.44.9000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
- -
- -

Indeterminate order rate equation kinetics

- -
-
-

Usage

-
IORE.solution(t, parent.0, k__iore, N)
- -

Arguments

-
-
t
-
Time.
-
parent.0
-
Starting value for the response variable at time zero.
-
k__iore
-
Rate constant. Note that this depends on the concentration units used.
-
N
-
Exponent describing the nonlinearity of the rate equation
-
- -
-

Description

- -

Function describing exponential decline from a defined starting value, with - a concentration dependent rate constant.

- -
- -
-

Note

- -

The solution of the IORE kinetic model reduces to the - SFO.solution if N = 1. - The parameters of the IORE model can be transformed to equivalent parameters - of the FOMC mode - see the NAFTA guidance for details.

- -
- -
-

Value

- -

- The value of the response variable at time t. -

- -
- -
-

References

- -

NAFTA Technical Working Group on Pesticides (not dated) Guidance for - Evaluating and Calculating Degradation Kinetics in Environmental - Media

- -
- -

Examples

-
plot(function(x) IORE.solution(x, 100, 0.2, 1.3), 0, 2, - ylim = c(0, 100))
-

-
fit.fomc <- mkinfit("FOMC", FOCUS_2006_C, quiet = TRUE) - fit.iore <- mkinfit("IORE", FOCUS_2006_C, quiet = TRUE) - fit.iore.deS <- mkinfit("IORE", FOCUS_2006_C, solution_type = "deSolve", quiet = TRUE) - - print(data.frame(coef(fit.fomc), coef(fit.iore), coef(fit.iore.deS), - row.names = paste("model par", 1:3)))
-
coef.fit.fomc. coef.fit.iore. coef.fit.iore.deS. -model par 1 85.87489063 85.874891 85.874890 -model par 2 0.05192238 -4.826631 -4.826631 -model par 3 0.65096665 1.949403 1.949403 -
-
print(rbind(fomc = endpoints(fit.fomc)$distimes, iore = endpoints(fit.iore)$distimes, - iore.deS = endpoints(fit.iore)$distimes))
-
DT50 DT90 DT50back -fomc 1.785233 15.1479 4.559973 -iore 1.785233 15.1479 4.559973 -iore.deS 1.785233 15.1479 4.559973 -
-
- -
- - -
- - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/SFO.solution.html b/docs/SFO.solution.html deleted file mode 100644 index 2321f15b..00000000 --- a/docs/SFO.solution.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,119 +0,0 @@ - - - - -SFO.solution. mkin 0.9.44.9000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
- -
- -

Single First-Order kinetics

- -
-
-

Usage

-
SFO.solution(t, parent.0, k)
- -

Arguments

-
-
t
-
Time.
-
parent.0
-
Starting value for the response variable at time zero.
-
k
-
Kinetic constant.
-
- -
-

Description

- -

Function describing exponential decline from a defined starting value.

- -
- -
-

Value

- -

- The value of the response variable at time t. -

- -
- -
-

References

- -

FOCUS (2006) “Guidance Document on Estimating Persistence and - Degradation Kinetics from Environmental Fate Studies on Pesticides in EU - Registration” Report of the FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics, - EC Document Reference Sanco/10058/2005 version 2.0, 434 pp, - http://focus.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dk

- -
- -

Examples

-
## Not run: plot(function(x) SFO.solution(x, 100, 3), 0, 2)
-
- -
- - -
- - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/SFORB.solution.html b/docs/SFORB.solution.html deleted file mode 100644 index 6926b770..00000000 --- a/docs/SFORB.solution.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,128 +0,0 @@ - - - - -SFORB.solution. mkin 0.9.44.9000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
- -
- -

Single First-Order Reversible Binding kinetics

- -
-
-

Usage

-
SFORB.solution(t, parent.0, k_12, k_21, k_1output)
- -

Arguments

-
-
t
-
Time.
-
parent.0
-
Starting value for the response variable at time zero.
-
k_12
-
Kinetic constant describing transfer from free to bound.
-
k_21
-
Kinetic constant describing transfer from bound to free.
-
k_1output
-
Kinetic constant describing degradation of the free fraction.
-
- -
-

Description

- -

Function describing the solution of the differential equations describing - the kinetic model with first-order terms for a two-way transfer from a free - to a bound fraction, and a first-order degradation term for the free - fraction. The initial condition is a defined amount in the free fraction and - no substance in the bound fraction.

- -
- -
-

Value

- -

- The value of the response variable, which is the sum of free and bound - fractions at time t. -

- -
- -
-

References

- -

FOCUS (2006) “Guidance Document on Estimating Persistence and - Degradation Kinetics from Environmental Fate Studies on Pesticides in EU - Registration” Report of the FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics, - EC Document Reference Sanco/10058/2005 version 2.0, 434 pp, - http://focus.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dk

- -
- -

Examples

-
## Not run: plot(function(x) SFORB.solution(x, 100, 0.5, 2, 3), 0, 2)
-
- -
- - -
- - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/add_err-4.png b/docs/add_err-4.png deleted file mode 100644 index f3d04134..00000000 Binary files a/docs/add_err-4.png and /dev/null differ diff --git a/docs/add_err-6.png b/docs/add_err-6.png deleted file mode 100644 index 05b27247..00000000 Binary files a/docs/add_err-6.png and /dev/null differ diff --git a/docs/add_err-8.png b/docs/add_err-8.png deleted file mode 100644 index b0182d2a..00000000 Binary files a/docs/add_err-8.png and /dev/null differ diff --git a/docs/add_err.html b/docs/add_err.html deleted file mode 100644 index 78c69d3e..00000000 --- a/docs/add_err.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,201 +0,0 @@ - - - - -add_err. mkin 0.9.44.9000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
- -
- -

- Add normally distributed errors to simulated kinetic degradation data -

- -
-
-

Usage

-
add_err(prediction, sdfunc,
-          n = 1000, LOD = 0.1, reps = 2,
-          digits = 1, seed = NA)
- -

Arguments

-
-
prediction
-
- A prediction from a kinetic model as produced by mkinpredict. -
-
sdfunc
-
- A function taking the predicted value as its only argument and returning - a standard deviation that should be used for generating the random error - terms for this value. -
-
n
-
- The number of datasets to be generated. -
-
LOD
-
- The limit of detection (LOD). Values that are below the LOD after adding - the random error will be set to NA. -
-
reps
-
- The number of replicates to be generated within the datasets. -
-
digits
-
- The number of digits to which the values will be rounded. -
-
seed
-
- The seed used for the generation of random numbers. If NA, the seed - is not set. -
-
- -
-

Description

- -

Normally distributed errors are added to data predicted for a specific - degradation model using mkinpredict. The variance of the error - may depend on the predicted value and is specified as a standard deviation.

- -
- -
-

Value

- -

- A list of datasets compatible with mmkin, i.e. - the components of the list are datasets compatible with - mkinfit. -

- -
- -
-

References

- -

Ranke J and Lehmann R (2015) To t-test or not to t-test, that is the question. XV Symposium on Pesticide Chemistry 2-4 September 2015, Piacenza, Italy - http://chem.uft.uni-bremen.de/ranke/posters/piacenza_2015.pdf

- -
- -

Examples

-
# The kinetic model -m_SFO_SFO <- mkinmod(parent = mkinsub("SFO", "M1"), - M1 = mkinsub("SFO"), use_of_ff = "max")
-Successfully compiled differential equation model from auto-generated C code. -
-# Generate a prediction for a specific set of parameters -sampling_times = c(0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 28, 60, 90, 120) - -# This is the prediction used for the "Type 2 datasets" on the Piacenza poster -# from 2015 -d_SFO_SFO <- mkinpredict(m_SFO_SFO, - c(k_parent = 0.1, f_parent_to_M1 = 0.5, - k_M1 = log(2)/1000), - c(parent = 100, M1 = 0), - sampling_times) - -# Add an error term with a constant (independent of the value) standard deviation -# of 10, and generate three datasets -d_SFO_SFO_err <- add_err(d_SFO_SFO, function(x) 10, n = 3, seed = 123456789 ) - -# Name the datasets for nicer plotting -names(d_SFO_SFO_err) <- paste("Dataset", 1:3) - -# Name the model in the list of models (with only one member in this case) -# for nicer plotting later on. -# Be quiet and use the faster Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, as the datasets -# are easy and examples are run often. Use only one core not to offend CRAN -# checks -f_SFO_SFO <- mmkin(list("SFO-SFO" = m_SFO_SFO), - d_SFO_SFO_err, cores = 1, - quiet = TRUE, method.modFit = "Marq") - -plot(f_SFO_SFO)
-

-
-# We would like to inspect the fit for dataset 3 more closely -# Using double brackets makes the returned object an mkinfit object -# instead of a list of mkinfit objects, so plot.mkinfit is used -plot(f_SFO_SFO[[3]], show_residuals = TRUE)
-

-
-# If we use single brackets, we should give two indices (model and dataset), -# and plot.mmkin is used -plot(f_SFO_SFO[1, 3])
-

-
-
- -
- - -
- - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/articles/FOCUS_D.html b/docs/articles/FOCUS_D.html index bbfc36b6..02c3aa69 100644 --- a/docs/articles/FOCUS_D.html +++ b/docs/articles/FOCUS_D.html @@ -103,10 +103,10 @@
fit <- mkinfit(SFO_SFO, FOCUS_2006_D, quiet = TRUE)

A plot of the fit including a residual plot for both observed variables is obtained using the plot method for mkinfit objects.

plot(fit, show_residuals = TRUE)
-

+

Confidence intervals for the parameter estimates are obtained using the mkinparplot function.

mkinparplot(fit)
-

+

A comprehensive report of the results is obtained using the summary method for mkinfit objects.

summary(fit)
## mkin version:    0.9.44.9000 
diff --git a/docs/articles/FOCUS_D_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-5-1.png b/docs/articles/FOCUS_D_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-5-1.png
deleted file mode 100644
index c0b0c2db..00000000
Binary files a/docs/articles/FOCUS_D_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-5-1.png and /dev/null differ
diff --git a/docs/articles/FOCUS_D_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-6-1.png b/docs/articles/FOCUS_D_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-6-1.png
deleted file mode 100644
index 6700e527..00000000
Binary files a/docs/articles/FOCUS_D_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-6-1.png and /dev/null differ
diff --git a/docs/articles/FOCUS_L.html b/docs/articles/FOCUS_L.html
index 353f1484..5d586799 100644
--- a/docs/articles/FOCUS_L.html
+++ b/docs/articles/FOCUS_L.html
@@ -138,16 +138,16 @@ FOCUS_2006_L1_mkin <- 
plot(m.L1.SFO, show_errmin = TRUE, main = "FOCUS L1 - SFO")
-

+

The residual plot can be easily obtained by

mkinresplot(m.L1.SFO, ylab = "Observed", xlab = "Time")
-

+

For comparison, the FOMC model is fitted as well, and the \(\chi^2\) error level is checked.

m.L1.FOMC <- mkinfit("FOMC", FOCUS_2006_L1_mkin, quiet=TRUE)
## Warning in mkinfit("FOMC", FOCUS_2006_L1_mkin, quiet = TRUE): Optimisation by method Port did not converge.
 ## Convergence code is 1
plot(m.L1.FOMC, show_errmin = TRUE, main = "FOCUS L1 - FOMC")
-

+

summary(m.L1.FOMC, data = FALSE)
## mkin version:    0.9.44.9000 
 ## R version:       3.3.1 
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ FOCUS_2006_L2_mkin <- 
m.L2.SFO <- mkinfit("SFO", FOCUS_2006_L2_mkin, quiet=TRUE)
 plot(m.L2.SFO, show_residuals = TRUE, show_errmin = TRUE, 
      main = "FOCUS L2 - SFO")
-

+

The \(\chi^2\) error level of 14% suggests that the model does not fit very well. This is also obvious from the plots of the fit, in which we have included the residual plot.

In the FOCUS kinetics report, it is stated that there is no apparent systematic error observed from the residual plot up to the measured DT90 (approximately at day 5), and there is an underestimation beyond that point.

We may add that it is difficult to judge the random nature of the residuals just from the three samplings at days 0, 1 and 3. Also, it is not clear a priori why a consistent underestimation after the approximate DT90 should be irrelevant. However, this can be rationalised by the fact that the FOCUS fate models generally only implement SFO kinetics.

@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ FOCUS_2006_L2_mkin <-
m.L2.FOMC <- mkinfit("FOMC", FOCUS_2006_L2_mkin, quiet = TRUE)
 plot(m.L2.FOMC, show_residuals = TRUE,
      main = "FOCUS L2 - FOMC")
-

+

summary(m.L2.FOMC, data = FALSE)
## mkin version:    0.9.44.9000 
 ## R version:       3.3.1 
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ FOCUS_2006_L2_mkin <- 
m.L2.DFOP <- mkinfit("DFOP", FOCUS_2006_L2_mkin, quiet = TRUE)
 plot(m.L2.DFOP, show_residuals = TRUE, show_errmin = TRUE,
      main = "FOCUS L2 - DFOP")
-

+

summary(m.L2.DFOP, data = FALSE)
## mkin version:    0.9.44.9000 
 ## R version:       3.3.1 
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ FOCUS_2006_L3_mkin <-  mmkin(c("SFO", "FOMC", "DFOP"), cores = 1,
                list("FOCUS L3" = FOCUS_2006_L3_mkin), quiet = TRUE)
 plot(mm.L3)
-

+

The \(\chi^2\) error level of 21% as well as the plot suggest that the SFO model does not fit very well. The FOMC model performs better, with an error level at which the \(\chi^2\) test passes of 7%. Fitting the four parameter DFOP model further reduces the \(\chi^2\) error level considerably.

@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ mm.L3 <-
plot(mm.L3[["DFOP", 1]], show_errmin = TRUE)
-

+

Here, a look to the model plot, the confidence intervals of the parameters and the correlation matrix suggest that the parameter estimates are reliable, and the DFOP model can be used as the best-fit model based on the \(\chi^2\) error level criterion for laboratory data L3.

This is also an example where the standard t-test for the parameter g_ilr is misleading, as it tests for a significant difference from zero. In this case, zero appears to be the correct value for this parameter, and the confidence interval for the backtransformed parameter g is quite narrow.

@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@ mm.L4 <-
list
("FOCUS L4" = FOCUS_2006_L4_mkin), quiet = TRUE) plot(mm.L4)
-

+

The \(\chi^2\) error level of 3.3% as well as the plot suggest that the SFO model fits very well. The error level at which the \(\chi^2\) test passes is slightly lower for the FOMC model. However, the difference appears negligible.

summary(mm.L4[["SFO", 1]], data = FALSE)
## mkin version:    0.9.44.9000 
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diff --git a/docs/articles/compiled_models.html b/docs/articles/compiled_models.html
index 1eeb78c6..d2e1d87d 100644
--- a/docs/articles/compiled_models.html
+++ b/docs/articles/compiled_models.html
@@ -73,21 +73,21 @@ mb.1 <- micr
 print(mb.1)
## Unit: milliseconds
 ##                   expr       min        lq      mean    median        uq
-##  deSolve, not compiled 6407.0333 6420.1971 6434.6510 6433.3609 6448.4598
-##       Eigenvalue based  887.4338  891.8401  906.9270  896.2463  916.6735
-##      deSolve, compiled  720.2433  727.8793  733.2019  735.5152  739.6812
+##  deSolve, not compiled 6365.2773 6407.1609 6467.4083 6449.0446 6518.4738
+##       Eigenvalue based  872.0339  912.6754  926.7178  953.3169  954.0597
+##      deSolve, compiled  730.1252  740.7149  751.8881  751.3045  762.7695
 ##        max neval cld
-##  6463.5587     3   c
-##   937.1007     3  b 
-##   743.8472     3 a
+## 6587.9031 3 b +## 954.8026 3 a +## 774.2345 3 a
autoplot(mb.1)

-

We see that using the compiled model is by a factor of 8.7 faster than using the R version with the default ode solver, and it is even faster than the Eigenvalue based solution implemented in R which does not need iterative solution of the ODEs:

+

We see that using the compiled model is by a factor of 8.6 faster than using the R version with the default ode solver, and it is even faster than the Eigenvalue based solution implemented in R which does not need iterative solution of the ODEs:

rownames(smb.1) <- smb.1$expr
 smb.1["median"]/smb.1["deSolve, compiled", "median"]
##                         median
-## deSolve, not compiled 8.746741
-## Eigenvalue based      1.218529
+## deSolve, not compiled 8.583796
+## Eigenvalue based      1.268882
 ## deSolve, compiled     1.000000
@@ -108,12 +108,12 @@ smb.1["median"]/smb
smb.2 <- summary(mb.2)
 print(mb.2)
## Unit: seconds
-##                   expr       min       lq      mean    median        uq
-##  deSolve, not compiled 13.501761 13.52142 13.697021 13.541086 13.794651
-##      deSolve, compiled  1.359921  1.35996  1.366796  1.359999  1.370233
+##                   expr       min        lq     mean    median        uq
+##  deSolve, not compiled 13.464194 13.498471 13.52712 13.532748 13.558577
+##      deSolve, compiled  1.328628  1.342168  1.35224  1.355707  1.364046
 ##        max neval cld
-##  14.048217     3   b
-##   1.380468     3  a
+## 13.584407 3 b +## 1.372385 3 a
smb.2["median"]/smb.2["deSolve, compiled", "median"]
##   median
 ## 1     NA
diff --git a/docs/articles/compiled_models_files/figure-html/benchmark_FOMC_SFO-1.png b/docs/articles/compiled_models_files/figure-html/benchmark_FOMC_SFO-1.png
index e64a4b92..54420d5b 100644
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diff --git a/docs/articles/compiled_models_files/figure-html/benchmark_SFO_SFO-1.png b/docs/articles/compiled_models_files/figure-html/benchmark_SFO_SFO-1.png
index e19fbe7f..af90245e 100644
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diff --git a/docs/articles/mkin.html b/docs/articles/mkin.html
index 44c9e9c5..c1b38794 100644
--- a/docs/articles/mkin.html
+++ b/docs/articles/mkin.html
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ d_SFO_SFO_SFO_err <-  mkinfit(m_SFO_SFO_SFO, d_SFO_SFO_SFO_err[[1]], quiet = TRUE)
 
 plot_sep(f_SFO_SFO_SFO, lpos = c("topright", "bottomright", "bottomright"))
-

+

Background

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-1,28 +0,0 @@ -/* Syntax highlighting ---------------------------------------------------- */ - -pre .input { - border-left: 3px solid #ccc; - padding-left: 0.5em; -} -pre .output { - background-color: #eee; -} - -.number {color:rgb(21,20,181);} -.functioncall {color:#264D66 ;} -.string {color:#375D81 ;} -.keyword {font-weight:bolder ;color:black;} -.argument {color:#264D66 ;} -.comment {color: #4C886B;} -.formalargs {color: #264D66;} -.eqformalargs {color:#264D66;} -.slot {font-style:italic;} -.symbol {color:black ;} -.prompt {color:black ;} - -pre img { - background-color: #fff; - border: 1px solid #ccc; - display: block; - margin: 0.5em auto 0.5em auto; -} diff --git a/docs/css/staticdocs.css b/docs/css/staticdocs.css deleted file mode 100644 index 15d74084..00000000 --- a/docs/css/staticdocs.css +++ /dev/null @@ -1,25 +0,0 @@ -h2 {padding-top: 20px} - -.icon img { - float: right; - border: 1px solid #ccc; -} -.index .internal {display: none;} -ul.index li {margin-bottom: 0.5em; clear: both;} - -footer { - margin-top: 45px; - padding: 35px 0 36px; - border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; -} -footer p { - margin-bottom: 0; - color: #555; -} - -.sidebar h2 { - font-size: 1.1em; - padding-top: 0.5em; -} - -.sidebar li {margin-bottom: 0.5em;} diff --git a/docs/endpoints.html b/docs/endpoints.html deleted file mode 100644 index 376eefa9..00000000 --- a/docs/endpoints.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,121 +0,0 @@ - - - - -endpoints. mkin 0.9.44.9000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
- -
- -

-Function to calculate endpoints for further use from kinetic models fitted with mkinfit -

- -
-
-

Usage

-
endpoints(fit)
- -

Arguments

-
-
fit
-
- An object of class mkinfit. -
-
- -
-

Description

- -

This function calculates DT50 and DT90 values as well as formation fractions from kinetic models -fitted with mkinfit. If the SFORB model was specified for one of the parents or metabolites, -the Eigenvalues are returned. These are equivalent to the rate constantes of the DFOP model, but -with the advantage that the SFORB model can also be used for metabolites.

- -
- -
-

Note

- -

The function is used internally by summary.mkinfit.

- -
- -
-

Value

- -

- A list with the components mentioned above. -

- -
-
- -
- - -
- - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/geometric_mean.html b/docs/geometric_mean.html deleted file mode 100644 index 7b746fa3..00000000 --- a/docs/geometric_mean.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,114 +0,0 @@ - - - - -geometric_mean. mkin 0.9.44.9000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
- -
- -

Calculate the geometric mean

- -
-
-

Usage

-
geometric_mean(x, na.rm = FALSE)
- -

Arguments

-
-
x
-
A numeric vector
-
na.rm
-
Should NA values be ignored
-
- -
-

Description

- -

Function calculating the geometric mean of numeric vectors

- -
- -
-

Value

- -

- The geometric mean. -

- -
- -

Examples

-
geometric_mean(c(1,3, 9))
-
[1] 3 -
-
geometric_mean(c(1,3, NA))
-
[1] NA -
-
geometric_mean(c(1,3, NA), na.rm = TRUE)
-
[1] 1.732051 -
-
- -
- - -
- - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/ilr.html b/docs/ilr.html deleted file mode 100644 index c5fea9cb..00000000 --- a/docs/ilr.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,168 +0,0 @@ - - - - -ilr. mkin 0.9.44.9000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
- -
- -

- Function to perform isometric log-ratio transformation -

- -
-
-

Usage

-
ilr(x)
-  invilr(x)
- -

Arguments

-
-
x
-
- A numeric vector. Naturally, the forward transformation is only sensible for - vectors with all elements being greater than zero. -
-
- -
-

Description

- -

This implementation is a special case of the class of isometric log-ratio transformations.

- -
- -
-

Value

- -

- The result of the forward or backward transformation. The returned components always - sum to 1 for the case of the inverse log-ratio transformation. -

- -
- -
-

References

- -

Peter Filzmoser, Karel Hron (2008) Outlier Detection for Compositional Data Using Robust Methods. Math Geosci 40 233-248

- -
- -

Examples

-
# Order matters -ilr(c(0.1, 1, 10))
-
[1] -1.628174 -2.820079 -
-
ilr(c(10, 1, 0.1))
-
[1] 1.628174 2.820079 -
-
# Equal entries give ilr transformations with zeros as elements -ilr(c(3, 3, 3))
-
[1] 0 0 -
-
# Almost equal entries give small numbers -ilr(c(0.3, 0.4, 0.3))
-
[1] -0.2034219 0.1174457 -
-
# Only the ratio between the numbers counts, not their sum -invilr(ilr(c(0.7, 0.29, 0.01)))
-
[1] 0.70 0.29 0.01 -
-
invilr(ilr(2.1 * c(0.7, 0.29, 0.01)))
-
[1] 0.70 0.29 0.01 -
-
# Inverse transformation of larger numbers gives unequal elements -invilr(-10)
-
[1] 7.213536e-07 9.999993e-01 -
-
invilr(c(-10, 0))
-
[1] 7.207415e-07 9.991507e-01 8.486044e-04 -
-
# The sum of the elements of the inverse ilr is 1 -sum(invilr(c(-10, 0)))
-
[1] 1 -
-
# This is why we do not need all elements of the inverse transformation to go back: -a <- c(0.1, 0.3, 0.5) -b <- invilr(a) -length(b) # Four elements
-
[1] 4 -
-
ilr(c(b[1:3], 1 - sum(b[1:3]))) # Gives c(0.1, 0.3, 0.5)
-
[1] 0.1 0.3 0.5 -
-
- -
- - -
- - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/img/glyphicons-halflings-white.png b/docs/img/glyphicons-halflings-white.png deleted file mode 100644 index 3bf6484a..00000000 Binary files a/docs/img/glyphicons-halflings-white.png and /dev/null differ diff --git a/docs/img/glyphicons-halflings.png b/docs/img/glyphicons-halflings.png deleted file mode 100644 index 79bc568c..00000000 Binary files a/docs/img/glyphicons-halflings.png and /dev/null differ diff --git a/docs/index.html b/docs/index.html index e5edc17c..0ae09340 100644 --- a/docs/index.html +++ b/docs/index.html @@ -105,10 +105,7 @@

Yes, there is a ChangeLog, for the latest CRAN release and one for the github master branch.

Credits and historical remarks

mkin would not be possible without the underlying software stack consisting of R and the packages deSolve and FME, to say the least.

-

It could not have been written without me being introduced to regulatory fate modelling of pesticides by Adrian Gurney during my time at Harlan Laboratories Ltd (formerly RCC Ltd). mkin greatly profits from and largely follows the work done by the FOCUS Degradation Kinetics Workgroup, as detailed in their guidance document from 2006, slightly updated in 2011 and

-
    -
  1. -
+

It could not have been written without me being introduced to regulatory fate modelling of pesticides by Adrian Gurney during my time at Harlan Laboratories Ltd (formerly RCC Ltd). mkin greatly profits from and largely follows the work done by the FOCUS Degradation Kinetics Workgroup, as detailed in their guidance document from 2006, slightly updated in 2011 and in 2014.

Also, it was inspired by the first version of KinGUI developed by BayerCropScience, which is based on the MatLab runtime environment.

The companion package kinfit (now deprecated) was started in 2008 and first published on CRAN on 01 May 2010.

The first mkin code was published on 11 May 2010 and the first CRAN version on 18 May 2010.

diff --git a/docs/js/bootstrap.js b/docs/js/bootstrap.js deleted file mode 100644 index 5d6e65b8..00000000 --- a/docs/js/bootstrap.js +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1825 +0,0 @@ -/* =================================================== - * bootstrap-transition.js v2.0.4 - * http://twitter.github.com/bootstrap/javascript.html#transitions - * =================================================== - * Copyright 2012 Twitter, Inc. - * - * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); - * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. - * You may obtain a copy of the License at - * - * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 - * - * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software - * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, - * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. - * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and - * limitations under the License. - * ========================================================== */ - - -!function ($) { - - $(function () { - - "use strict"; // jshint ;_; - - - /* CSS TRANSITION SUPPORT (http://www.modernizr.com/) - * ======================================================= */ - - $.support.transition = (function () { - - var transitionEnd = (function () { - - var el = document.createElement('bootstrap') - , transEndEventNames = { - 'WebkitTransition' : 'webkitTransitionEnd' - , 'MozTransition' : 'transitionend' - , 'OTransition' : 'oTransitionEnd' - , 'msTransition' : 'MSTransitionEnd' - , 'transition' : 'transitionend' - } - , name - - for (name in transEndEventNames){ - if (el.style[name] !== undefined) { - return transEndEventNames[name] - } - } - - }()) - - return transitionEnd && { - end: transitionEnd - } - - })() - - }) - -}(window.jQuery);/* ========================================================== - * bootstrap-alert.js v2.0.4 - * http://twitter.github.com/bootstrap/javascript.html#alerts - * ========================================================== - * Copyright 2012 Twitter, Inc. - * - * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); - * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. - * You may obtain a copy of the License at - * - * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 - * - * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software - * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, - * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. - * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and - * limitations under the License. - * ========================================================== */ - - -!function ($) { - - "use strict"; // jshint ;_; - - - /* ALERT CLASS DEFINITION - * ====================== */ - - var dismiss = '[data-dismiss="alert"]' - , Alert = function (el) { - $(el).on('click', dismiss, this.close) - } - - Alert.prototype.close = function (e) { - var $this = $(this) - , selector = $this.attr('data-target') - , $parent - - if (!selector) { - selector = $this.attr('href') - selector = selector && selector.replace(/.*(?=#[^\s]*$)/, '') //strip for ie7 - } - - $parent = $(selector) - - e && e.preventDefault() - - $parent.length || ($parent = $this.hasClass('alert') ? $this : $this.parent()) - - $parent.trigger(e = $.Event('close')) - - if (e.isDefaultPrevented()) return - - $parent.removeClass('in') - - function removeElement() { - $parent - .trigger('closed') - .remove() - } - - $.support.transition && $parent.hasClass('fade') ? - $parent.on($.support.transition.end, removeElement) : - removeElement() - } - - - /* ALERT PLUGIN DEFINITION - * ======================= */ - - $.fn.alert = function (option) { - return this.each(function () { - var $this = $(this) - , data = $this.data('alert') - if (!data) $this.data('alert', (data = new Alert(this))) - if (typeof option == 'string') data[option].call($this) - }) - } - - $.fn.alert.Constructor = Alert - - - /* ALERT DATA-API - * ============== */ - - $(function () { - $('body').on('click.alert.data-api', dismiss, Alert.prototype.close) - }) - -}(window.jQuery);/* ============================================================ - * bootstrap-button.js v2.0.4 - * http://twitter.github.com/bootstrap/javascript.html#buttons - * ============================================================ - * Copyright 2012 Twitter, Inc. - * - * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); - * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. - * You may obtain a copy of the License at - * - * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 - * - * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software - * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, - * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. - * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and - * limitations under the License. - * ============================================================ */ - - -!function ($) { - - "use strict"; // jshint ;_; - - - /* BUTTON PUBLIC CLASS DEFINITION - * ============================== */ - - var Button = function (element, options) { - this.$element = $(element) - this.options = $.extend({}, $.fn.button.defaults, options) - } - - Button.prototype.setState = function (state) { - var d = 'disabled' - , $el = this.$element - , data = $el.data() - , val = $el.is('input') ? 'val' : 'html' - - state = state + 'Text' - data.resetText || $el.data('resetText', $el[val]()) - - $el[val](data[state] || this.options[state]) - - // push to event loop to allow forms to submit - setTimeout(function () { - state == 'loadingText' ? - $el.addClass(d).attr(d, d) : - $el.removeClass(d).removeAttr(d) - }, 0) - } - - Button.prototype.toggle = function () { - var $parent = this.$element.parent('[data-toggle="buttons-radio"]') - - $parent && $parent - .find('.active') - .removeClass('active') - - this.$element.toggleClass('active') - } - - - /* BUTTON PLUGIN DEFINITION - * ======================== */ - - $.fn.button = function (option) { - return this.each(function () { - var $this = $(this) - , data = $this.data('button') - , options = typeof option == 'object' && option - if (!data) $this.data('button', (data = new Button(this, options))) - if (option == 'toggle') data.toggle() - else if (option) data.setState(option) - }) - } - - $.fn.button.defaults = { - loadingText: 'loading...' - } - - $.fn.button.Constructor = Button - - - /* BUTTON DATA-API - * =============== */ - - $(function () { - $('body').on('click.button.data-api', '[data-toggle^=button]', function ( e ) { - var $btn = $(e.target) - if (!$btn.hasClass('btn')) $btn = $btn.closest('.btn') - $btn.button('toggle') - }) - }) - -}(window.jQuery);/* ========================================================== - * bootstrap-carousel.js v2.0.4 - * http://twitter.github.com/bootstrap/javascript.html#carousel - * ========================================================== - * Copyright 2012 Twitter, Inc. - * - * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); - * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. - * You may obtain a copy of the License at - * - * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 - * - * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software - * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, - * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. - * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and - * limitations under the License. - * ========================================================== */ - - -!function ($) { - - "use strict"; // jshint ;_; - - - /* CAROUSEL CLASS DEFINITION - * ========================= */ - - var Carousel = function (element, options) { - this.$element = $(element) - this.options = options - this.options.slide && this.slide(this.options.slide) - this.options.pause == 'hover' && this.$element - .on('mouseenter', $.proxy(this.pause, this)) - .on('mouseleave', $.proxy(this.cycle, this)) - } - - Carousel.prototype = { - - cycle: function (e) { - if (!e) this.paused = false - this.options.interval - && !this.paused - && (this.interval = setInterval($.proxy(this.next, this), this.options.interval)) - return this - } - - , to: function (pos) { - var $active = this.$element.find('.active') - , children = $active.parent().children() - , activePos = children.index($active) - , that = this - - if (pos > (children.length - 1) || pos < 0) return - - if (this.sliding) { - return this.$element.one('slid', function () { - that.to(pos) - }) - } - - if (activePos == pos) { - return this.pause().cycle() - } - - return this.slide(pos > activePos ? 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'first' : 'last' - , that = this - , e = $.Event('slide') - - this.sliding = true - - isCycling && this.pause() - - $next = $next.length ? $next : this.$element.find('.item')[fallback]() - - if ($next.hasClass('active')) return - - if ($.support.transition && this.$element.hasClass('slide')) { - this.$element.trigger(e) - if (e.isDefaultPrevented()) return - $next.addClass(type) - $next[0].offsetWidth // force reflow - $active.addClass(direction) - $next.addClass(direction) - this.$element.one($.support.transition.end, function () { - $next.removeClass([type, direction].join(' ')).addClass('active') - $active.removeClass(['active', direction].join(' ')) - that.sliding = false - setTimeout(function () { that.$element.trigger('slid') }, 0) - }) - } else { - this.$element.trigger(e) - if (e.isDefaultPrevented()) return - $active.removeClass('active') - $next.addClass('active') - this.sliding = false - this.$element.trigger('slid') - } - - isCycling && this.cycle() - - return this - } - - } - - - /* CAROUSEL PLUGIN DEFINITION - * ========================== */ - - $.fn.carousel = function (option) { - return this.each(function () { - var $this = $(this) - , data = $this.data('carousel') - , options = $.extend({}, $.fn.carousel.defaults, typeof option == 'object' && option) - if (!data) $this.data('carousel', (data = new Carousel(this, options))) - if (typeof option == 'number') data.to(option) - else if (typeof option == 'string' || (option = options.slide)) data[option]() - else if (options.interval) data.cycle() - }) - } - - $.fn.carousel.defaults = { - interval: 5000 - , pause: 'hover' - } - - $.fn.carousel.Constructor = Carousel - - - /* CAROUSEL DATA-API - * ================= */ - - $(function () { - $('body').on('click.carousel.data-api', '[data-slide]', function ( e ) { - var $this = $(this), href - , $target = $($this.attr('data-target') || (href = $this.attr('href')) && href.replace(/.*(?=#[^\s]+$)/, '')) //strip for ie7 - , options = !$target.data('modal') && $.extend({}, $target.data(), $this.data()) - $target.carousel(options) - e.preventDefault() - }) - }) - -}(window.jQuery);/* ============================================================= - * bootstrap-collapse.js v2.0.4 - * http://twitter.github.com/bootstrap/javascript.html#collapse - * ============================================================= - * Copyright 2012 Twitter, Inc. - * - * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); - * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. - * You may obtain a copy of the License at - * - * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 - * - * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software - * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, - * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. - * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and - * limitations under the License. - * ============================================================ */ - - -!function ($) { - - "use strict"; // jshint ;_; - - - /* COLLAPSE PUBLIC CLASS DEFINITION - * ================================ */ - - var Collapse = function (element, options) { - this.$element = $(element) - this.options = $.extend({}, $.fn.collapse.defaults, options) - - if (this.options.parent) { - this.$parent = $(this.options.parent) - } - - this.options.toggle && this.toggle() - } - - Collapse.prototype = { - - constructor: Collapse - - , dimension: function () { - var hasWidth = this.$element.hasClass('width') - return hasWidth ? 'width' : 'height' - } - - , show: function () { - var dimension - , scroll - , actives - , hasData - - if (this.transitioning) return - - dimension = this.dimension() - scroll = $.camelCase(['scroll', dimension].join('-')) - actives = this.$parent && this.$parent.find('> .accordion-group > .in') - - if (actives && actives.length) { - hasData = actives.data('collapse') - if (hasData && hasData.transitioning) return - actives.collapse('hide') - hasData || actives.data('collapse', null) - } - - this.$element[dimension](0) - this.transition('addClass', $.Event('show'), 'shown') - this.$element[dimension](this.$element[0][scroll]) - } - - , hide: function () { - var dimension - if (this.transitioning) return - dimension = this.dimension() - this.reset(this.$element[dimension]()) - this.transition('removeClass', $.Event('hide'), 'hidden') - this.$element[dimension](0) - } - - , reset: function (size) { - var dimension = this.dimension() - - this.$element - .removeClass('collapse') - [dimension](size || 'auto') - [0].offsetWidth - - this.$element[size !== null ? 'addClass' : 'removeClass']('collapse') - - return this - } - - , transition: function (method, startEvent, completeEvent) { - var that = this - , complete = function () { - if (startEvent.type == 'show') that.reset() - that.transitioning = 0 - that.$element.trigger(completeEvent) - } - - this.$element.trigger(startEvent) - - if (startEvent.isDefaultPrevented()) return - - this.transitioning = 1 - - this.$element[method]('in') - - $.support.transition && this.$element.hasClass('collapse') ? - this.$element.one($.support.transition.end, complete) : - complete() - } - - , toggle: function () { - this[this.$element.hasClass('in') ? 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'toggle' : $this.data() - $(target).collapse(option) - }) - }) - -}(window.jQuery);/* ============================================================ - * bootstrap-dropdown.js v2.0.4 - * http://twitter.github.com/bootstrap/javascript.html#dropdowns - * ============================================================ - * Copyright 2012 Twitter, Inc. - * - * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); - * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. - * You may obtain a copy of the License at - * - * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 - * - * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software - * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, - * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. - * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and - * limitations under the License. - * ============================================================ */ - - -!function ($) { - - "use strict"; // jshint ;_; - - - /* DROPDOWN CLASS DEFINITION - * ========================= */ - - var toggle = '[data-toggle="dropdown"]' - , Dropdown = function (element) { - var $el = $(element).on('click.dropdown.data-api', this.toggle) - $('html').on('click.dropdown.data-api', function () { - $el.parent().removeClass('open') - }) - } - - Dropdown.prototype = { - - constructor: Dropdown - - , toggle: function (e) { - var $this = $(this) - , $parent - , selector - , isActive - - if ($this.is('.disabled, :disabled')) return - - selector = $this.attr('data-target') - - if (!selector) { - selector = $this.attr('href') - selector = selector && selector.replace(/.*(?=#[^\s]*$)/, '') //strip for ie7 - } - - $parent = $(selector) - $parent.length || ($parent = $this.parent()) - - isActive = $parent.hasClass('open') - - clearMenus() - - if (!isActive) $parent.toggleClass('open') - - return false - } - - } - - function clearMenus() { - $(toggle).parent().removeClass('open') - } - - - /* DROPDOWN PLUGIN DEFINITION - * ========================== */ - - $.fn.dropdown = function (option) { - return this.each(function () { - var $this = $(this) - , data = $this.data('dropdown') - if (!data) $this.data('dropdown', (data = new Dropdown(this))) - if (typeof option == 'string') data[option].call($this) - }) - } - - $.fn.dropdown.Constructor = Dropdown - - - /* APPLY TO STANDARD DROPDOWN ELEMENTS - * =================================== */ - - $(function () { - $('html').on('click.dropdown.data-api', clearMenus) - $('body') - .on('click.dropdown', '.dropdown form', function (e) { e.stopPropagation() }) - .on('click.dropdown.data-api', toggle, Dropdown.prototype.toggle) - }) - -}(window.jQuery);/* ========================================================= - * bootstrap-modal.js v2.0.4 - * http://twitter.github.com/bootstrap/javascript.html#modals - * ========================================================= - * Copyright 2012 Twitter, Inc. - * - * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); - * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. - * You may obtain a copy of the License at - * - * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 - * - * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software - * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, - * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. - * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and - * limitations under the License. - * ========================================================= */ - - -!function ($) { - - "use strict"; // jshint ;_; - - - /* MODAL CLASS DEFINITION - * ====================== */ - - var Modal = function (content, options) { - this.options = options - this.$element = $(content) - .delegate('[data-dismiss="modal"]', 'click.dismiss.modal', $.proxy(this.hide, this)) - } - - Modal.prototype = { - - constructor: Modal - - , toggle: function () { - return this[!this.isShown ? 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diff --git a/docs/reference/summary.mkinfit.html b/docs/reference/summary.mkinfit.html index e0cdfe23..001852a5 100644 --- a/docs/reference/summary.mkinfit.html +++ b/docs/reference/summary.mkinfit.html @@ -142,15 +142,15 @@

Examples

summary(mkinfit(mkinmod(parent = list(type = "SFO")), FOCUS_2006_A, quiet = TRUE))
#> mkin version: 0.9.44.9000 #> R version: 3.3.1 -#> Date of fit: Thu Oct 6 09:18:07 2016 -#> Date of summary: Thu Oct 6 09:18:07 2016 +#> Date of fit: Thu Oct 6 09:39:22 2016 +#> Date of summary: Thu Oct 6 09:39:22 2016 #> #> Equations: #> d_parent = - k_parent_sink * parent #> #> Model predictions using solution type analytical #> -#> Fitted with method Port using 35 model solutions performed in 0.079 s +#> Fitted with method Port using 35 model solutions performed in 0.078 s #> #> Weighting: none #> diff --git a/docs/reference/transform_odeparms.html b/docs/reference/transform_odeparms.html index 3b8be856..2b736098 100644 --- a/docs/reference/transform_odeparms.html +++ b/docs/reference/transform_odeparms.html @@ -147,8 +147,8 @@ fit <- mkinfit(SFO_SFO, FOCUS_2006_D, quiet = TRUE) summary(fit, data=FALSE) # See transformed and backtransformed parameters
#> mkin version: 0.9.44.9000 #> R version: 3.3.1 -#> Date of fit: Thu Oct 6 09:18:08 2016 -#> Date of summary: Thu Oct 6 09:18:08 2016 +#> Date of fit: Thu Oct 6 09:39:23 2016 +#> Date of summary: Thu Oct 6 09:39:23 2016 #> #> Equations: #> d_parent = - k_parent_sink * parent - k_parent_m1 * parent @@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ #> #> Model predictions using solution type deSolve #> -#> Fitted with method Port using 153 model solutions performed in 0.636 s +#> Fitted with method Port using 153 model solutions performed in 0.63 s #> #> Weighting: none #> diff --git a/docs/schaefer07_complex_case.html b/docs/schaefer07_complex_case.html deleted file mode 100644 index 23ed3a26..00000000 --- a/docs/schaefer07_complex_case.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,134 +0,0 @@ - - - - -schaefer07_complex_case. mkin 0.9.44.9000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
- -
- -

- Metabolism data set used for checking the software quality of KinGUI -

- -
-
-

Usage

-
data(schaefer07_complex_case)
- -
-

Description

- -

This dataset was used for a comparison of KinGUI and ModelMaker to check the - software quality of KinGUI in the original publication (Schäfer et al., 2007). - The results from the fitting are also included.

- -
- -
-

Format

- -

The data set is a data frame with 8 observations on the following 6 variables. -

-
time
a numeric vector

- -

parent
a numeric vector

- -

A1
a numeric vector

- -

B1
a numeric vector

- -

C1
a numeric vector

- -

A2
a numeric vector

- -

- -

The results are a data frame with 14 results for different parameter values

- -
- -
-

References

- -

Schäfer D, Mikolasch B, Rainbird P and Harvey B (2007). KinGUI: a new kinetic - software tool for evaluations according to FOCUS degradation kinetics. In: Del - Re AAM, Capri E, Fragoulis G and Trevisan M (Eds.). Proceedings of the XIII - Symposium Pesticide Chemistry, Piacenza, 2007, p. 916-923.

- -
- -

Examples

-
data <- mkin_wide_to_long(schaefer07_complex_case, time = "time") -model <- mkinmod( - parent = list(type = "SFO", to = c("A1", "B1", "C1"), sink = FALSE), - A1 = list(type = "SFO", to = "A2"), - B1 = list(type = "SFO"), - C1 = list(type = "SFO"), - A2 = list(type = "SFO"), use_of_ff = "max")
-Successfully compiled differential equation model from auto-generated C code. -
## Not run: mkinfit(model, data, plot=TRUE)
-
- -
- - -
- - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/summary.mkinfit.html b/docs/summary.mkinfit.html deleted file mode 100644 index 574c5c07..00000000 --- a/docs/summary.mkinfit.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,259 +0,0 @@ - - - - -summary.mkinfit. mkin 0.9.44.9000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
- -
- -

- Summary method for class "mkinfit" -

- -
-
-

Usage

-
# S3 method for mkinfit
-summary(object, data = TRUE, distimes = TRUE, alpha = 0.05, ...)
-# S3 method for summary.mkinfit
-print(x, digits = max(3, getOption("digits") - 3), ...)
- -

Arguments

-
-
object
-
- an object of class mkinfit. -
-
x
-
- an object of class summary.mkinfit. -
-
data
-
- logical, indicating whether the data should be included in the summary. -
-
distimes
-
- logical, indicating whether DT50 and DT90 values should be included. -
-
alpha
-
- error level for confidence interval estimation from t distribution -
-
digits
-
- Number of digits to use for printing -
-
...
-
- optional arguments passed to methods like print. -
-
- -
-

Description

- -

Lists model equations, the summary as returned by summary.modFit, - the chi2 error levels calculated according to FOCUS guidance (2006) as far - as defined therein, and optionally the data, consisting of observed, predicted - and residual values.

- -
- -
-

Value

- -

- The summary function returns a list derived from - summary.modFit, with components, among others -
version, Rversion
The mkin and R versions used

- -

date.fit, date.summary
The dates where the fit and the summary were produced

- -

use_of_ff
Was maximum or minimum use made of formation fractions

- -

residuals, residualVariance, sigma, modVariance, df
As in summary.modFit

- -

cov.unscaled, cov.scaled, info, niter, stopmess, par
As in summary.modFit

- -

bpar
Optimised and backtransformed parameters

- -

diffs
The differential equations used in the model

- -

data
The data (see Description above).

- -

start
The starting values and bounds, if applicable, for optimised parameters.

- -

fixed
The values of fixed parameters.

- -

errmin
The chi2 error levels for each observed variable.

- -

bparms.ode
All backtransformed ODE parameters, for use as starting parameters for - related models.

- -

ff
The estimated formation fractions derived from the fitted model.

- -

distimes
The DT50 and DT90 values for each observed variable.

- -

SFORB
If applicable, eigenvalues of SFORB components of the model.

- -

The print method is called for its side effect, i.e. printing the summary. -

- -
- -
-

References

- -

FOCUS (2006) “Guidance Document on Estimating Persistence and - Degradation Kinetics from Environmental Fate Studies on Pesticides in EU - Registration” Report of the FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics, - EC Document Reference Sanco/10058/2005 version 2.0, 434 pp, - http://focus.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dk

- -
- -

Examples

-
summary(mkinfit(mkinmod(parent = list(type = "SFO")), FOCUS_2006_A, quiet = TRUE))
-
mkin version: 0.9.44.9000 -R version: 3.3.1 -Date of fit: Sat Sep 10 05:53:12 2016 -Date of summary: Sat Sep 10 05:53:12 2016 - -Equations: -d_parent = - k_parent_sink * parent - -Model predictions using solution type analytical - -Fitted with method Port using 35 model solutions performed in 0.09 s - -Weighting: none - -Starting values for parameters to be optimised: - value type -parent_0 101.24 state -k_parent_sink 0.10 deparm - -Starting values for the transformed parameters actually optimised: - value lower upper -parent_0 101.240000 -Inf Inf -log_k_parent_sink -2.302585 -Inf Inf - -Fixed parameter values: -None - -Optimised, transformed parameters with symmetric confidence intervals: - Estimate Std. Error Lower Upper -parent_0 109.200 4.3910 98.410 119.900 -log_k_parent_sink -3.291 0.1152 -3.573 -3.009 - -Parameter correlation: - parent_0 log_k_parent_sink -parent_0 1.000 0.575 -log_k_parent_sink 0.575 1.000 - -Residual standard error: 6.08 on 6 degrees of freedom - -Backtransformed parameters: -Confidence intervals for internally transformed parameters are asymmetric. -t-test (unrealistically) based on the assumption of normal distribution -for estimators of untransformed parameters. - Estimate t value Pr(>t) Lower Upper -parent_0 109.20000 24.860 1.394e-07 98.41000 119.90000 -k_parent_sink 0.03722 8.679 6.457e-05 0.02807 0.04934 - -Chi2 error levels in percent: - err.min n.optim df -All data 8.385 2 6 -parent 8.385 2 6 - -Resulting formation fractions: - ff -parent_sink 1 - -Estimated disappearance times: - DT50 DT90 -parent 18.62 61.87 - -Data: - time variable observed predicted residual - 0 parent 101.24 109.153 -7.9132 - 3 parent 99.27 97.622 1.6484 - 7 parent 90.11 84.119 5.9913 - 14 parent 72.19 64.826 7.3641 - 30 parent 29.71 35.738 -6.0283 - 62 parent 5.98 10.862 -4.8818 - 90 parent 1.54 3.831 -2.2911 - 118 parent 0.39 1.351 -0.9613 -
-
- -
- - -
- - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/synthetic_data_for_UBA.html b/docs/synthetic_data_for_UBA.html deleted file mode 100644 index 1a29a7b2..00000000 --- a/docs/synthetic_data_for_UBA.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,156 +0,0 @@ - - - - -synthetic_data_for_UBA_2014. mkin 0.9.44.9000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
- -
- -

- Synthetic datasets for one parent compound with two metabolites -

- -
-
-

Usage

-
synthetic_data_for_UBA_2014
- -
-

Description

- -

The 12 datasets were generated using four different models and three different - variance components. The four models are either the SFO or the DFOP model with either - two sequential or two parallel metabolites.

- -

Variance component 'a' is based on a normal distribution with standard deviation of 3, - Variance component 'b' is also based on a normal distribution, but with a standard deviation of 7. - Variance component 'c' is based on the error model from Rocke and Lorenzato (1995), with the - minimum standard deviation (for small y values) of 0.5, and a proportionality constant of 0.07 - for the increase of the standard deviation with y.

- -

Initial concentrations for metabolites and all values where adding the variance component resulted - in a value below the assumed limit of detection of 0.1 were set to NA.

- -

As an example, the first dataset has the title SFO_lin_a and is based on the SFO model - with two sequential metabolites (linear pathway), with added variance component 'a'.

- -

Compare also the code in the example section to see the degradation models.

- -
- -
-

Format

- -

A list containing datasets in the form internally used by the 'gmkin' package. - The list has twelfe components. Each of the components is one dataset that has, - among others, the following components -

-
title
The name of the dataset, e.g. SFO_lin_a

- -

data
A data frame with the data in the form expected by mkinfit

- -

- -

- -
- -
-

Source

- -

Ranke (2014) Prüfung und Validierung von Modellierungssoftware als Alternative - zu ModelMaker 4.0, Umweltbundesamt Projektnummer 27452

- -

Rocke, David M. und Lorenzato, Stefan (1995) A two-component model for - measurement error in analytical chemistry. Technometrics 37(2), 176-184.

- -
- -

Examples

-
## Not run: ------------------------------------ -# m_synth_SFO_lin <- mkinmod(parent = list(type = "SFO", to = "M1"), -# M1 = list(type = "SFO", to = "M2"), -# M2 = list(type = "SFO"), use_of_ff = "max") -# -# -# m_synth_SFO_par <- mkinmod(parent = list(type = "SFO", to = c("M1", "M2"), -# sink = FALSE), -# M1 = list(type = "SFO"), -# M2 = list(type = "SFO"), use_of_ff = "max") -# -# m_synth_DFOP_lin <- mkinmod(parent = list(type = "DFOP", to = "M1"), -# M1 = list(type = "SFO", to = "M2"), -# M2 = list(type = "SFO"), use_of_ff = "max") -# -# m_synth_DFOP_par <- mkinmod(parent = list(type = "DFOP", to = c("M1", "M2"), -# sink = FALSE), -# M1 = list(type = "SFO"), -# M2 = list(type = "SFO"), use_of_ff = "max") -# -# mkinfit(m_synth_SFO_lin, synthetic_data_for_UBA_2014[[1]]$data) -## ---------------------------------------------
-
- -
- - -
- - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/transform_odeparms.html b/docs/transform_odeparms.html deleted file mode 100644 index 6f48b1fa..00000000 --- a/docs/transform_odeparms.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,281 +0,0 @@ - - - - -transform_odeparms. mkin 0.9.44.9000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
- -
- -

- Functions to transform and backtransform kinetic parameters for fitting -

- -
-
-

Usage

-
transform_odeparms(parms, mkinmod,
-                   transform_rates = TRUE, transform_fractions = TRUE)
-backtransform_odeparms(transparms, mkinmod,
-                       transform_rates = TRUE, transform_fractions = TRUE)
- -

Arguments

-
-
parms
-
- Parameters of kinetic models as used in the differential equations. -
-
transparms
-
- Transformed parameters of kinetic models as used in the fitting procedure. -
-
mkinmod
-
- The kinetic model of class mkinmod, containing the names of - the model variables that are needed for grouping the formation fractions - before ilr transformation, the parameter names and - the information if the pathway to sink is included in the model. -
-
transform_rates
-
- Boolean specifying if kinetic rate constants should be transformed in the - model specification used in the fitting for better compliance with the - assumption of normal distribution of the estimator. If TRUE, also - alpha and beta parameters of the FOMC model are log-transformed, as well - as k1 and k2 rate constants for the DFOP and HS models and the break point tb - of the HS model. -
-
transform_fractions
-
- Boolean specifying if formation fractions constants should be transformed in the - model specification used in the fitting for better compliance with the - assumption of normal distribution of the estimator. The default (TRUE) is - to do transformations. The g parameter of the DFOP and HS models are also - transformed, as they can also be seen as compositional data. The - transformation used for these transformations is the ilr - transformation. -
-
- -
-

Description

- -

The transformations are intended to map parameters that should only take - on restricted values to the full scale of real numbers. For kinetic rate - constants and other paramters that can only take on positive values, a - simple log transformation is used. For compositional parameters, such as - the formations fractions that should always sum up to 1 and can not be - negative, the ilr transformation is used.

- -

The transformation of sets of formation fractions is fragile, as it supposes - the same ordering of the components in forward and backward transformation. - This is no problem for the internal use in mkinfit.

- -
- -
-

Value

- -

- A vector of transformed or backtransformed parameters with the same names - as the original parameters. -

- -
- -

Examples

-
SFO_SFO <- mkinmod( - parent = list(type = "SFO", to = "m1", sink = TRUE), - m1 = list(type = "SFO"))
-Successfully compiled differential equation model from auto-generated C code. -
# Fit the model to the FOCUS example dataset D using defaults -fit <- mkinfit(SFO_SFO, FOCUS_2006_D, quiet = TRUE) -summary(fit, data=FALSE) # See transformed and backtransformed parameters
-
mkin version: 0.9.44.9000 -R version: 3.3.1 -Date of fit: Sat Sep 10 05:53:13 2016 -Date of summary: Sat Sep 10 05:53:13 2016 - -Equations: -d_parent = - k_parent_sink * parent - k_parent_m1 * parent -d_m1 = + k_parent_m1 * parent - k_m1_sink * m1 - -Model predictions using solution type deSolve - -Fitted with method Port using 153 model solutions performed in 0.634 s - -Weighting: none - -Starting values for parameters to be optimised: - value type -parent_0 100.7500 state -k_parent_sink 0.1000 deparm -k_parent_m1 0.1001 deparm -k_m1_sink 0.1002 deparm - -Starting values for the transformed parameters actually optimised: - value lower upper -parent_0 100.750000 -Inf Inf -log_k_parent_sink -2.302585 -Inf Inf -log_k_parent_m1 -2.301586 -Inf Inf -log_k_m1_sink -2.300587 -Inf Inf - -Fixed parameter values: - value type -m1_0 0 state - -Optimised, transformed parameters with symmetric confidence intervals: - Estimate Std. Error Lower Upper -parent_0 99.600 1.61400 96.330 102.900 -log_k_parent_sink -3.038 0.07826 -3.197 -2.879 -log_k_parent_m1 -2.980 0.04124 -3.064 -2.897 -log_k_m1_sink -5.248 0.13610 -5.523 -4.972 - -Parameter correlation: - parent_0 log_k_parent_sink log_k_parent_m1 log_k_m1_sink -parent_0 1.00000 0.6075 -0.06625 -0.1701 -log_k_parent_sink 0.60752 1.0000 -0.08740 -0.6253 -log_k_parent_m1 -0.06625 -0.0874 1.00000 0.4716 -log_k_m1_sink -0.17006 -0.6253 0.47163 1.0000 - -Residual standard error: 3.211 on 36 degrees of freedom - -Backtransformed parameters: -Confidence intervals for internally transformed parameters are asymmetric. -t-test (unrealistically) based on the assumption of normal distribution -for estimators of untransformed parameters. - Estimate t value Pr(>t) Lower Upper -parent_0 99.600000 61.720 2.024e-38 96.330000 1.029e+02 -k_parent_sink 0.047920 12.780 3.050e-15 0.040890 5.616e-02 -k_parent_m1 0.050780 24.250 3.407e-24 0.046700 5.521e-02 -k_m1_sink 0.005261 7.349 5.758e-09 0.003992 6.933e-03 - -Chi2 error levels in percent: - err.min n.optim df -All data 6.398 4 15 -parent 6.827 3 6 -m1 4.490 1 9 - -Resulting formation fractions: - ff -parent_sink 0.4855 -parent_m1 0.5145 -m1_sink 1.0000 - -Estimated disappearance times: - DT50 DT90 -parent 7.023 23.33 -m1 131.761 437.70 -
-
-## Not run: ------------------------------------ -# fit.2 <- mkinfit(SFO_SFO, FOCUS_2006_D, transform_rates = FALSE) -# summary(fit.2, data=FALSE) -## --------------------------------------------- - -initials <- fit$start$value -names(initials) <- rownames(fit$start) -transformed <- fit$start_transformed$value -names(transformed) <- rownames(fit$start_transformed) -transform_odeparms(initials, SFO_SFO)
-
parent_0 log_k_parent_sink log_k_parent_m1 log_k_m1_sink - 100.750000 -2.302585 -2.301586 -2.300587 -
-
backtransform_odeparms(transformed, SFO_SFO)
-
parent_0 k_parent_sink k_parent_m1 k_m1_sink - 100.7500 0.1000 0.1001 0.1002 -
-
-## Not run: ------------------------------------ -# # The case of formation fractions -# SFO_SFO.ff <- mkinmod( -# parent = list(type = "SFO", to = "m1", sink = TRUE), -# m1 = list(type = "SFO"), -# use_of_ff = "max") -# -# fit.ff <- mkinfit(SFO_SFO.ff, FOCUS_2006_D) -# summary(fit.ff, data = FALSE) -# initials <- c("f_parent_to_m1" = 0.5) -# transformed <- transform_odeparms(initials, SFO_SFO.ff) -# backtransform_odeparms(transformed, SFO_SFO.ff) -# -# # And without sink -# SFO_SFO.ff.2 <- mkinmod( -# parent = list(type = "SFO", to = "m1", sink = FALSE), -# m1 = list(type = "SFO"), -# use_of_ff = "max") -# -# -# fit.ff.2 <- mkinfit(SFO_SFO.ff.2, FOCUS_2006_D) -# summary(fit.ff.2, data = FALSE) -## ---------------------------------------------
-
- -
- - -
- - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/vignettes/FOCUS_D.html b/docs/vignettes/FOCUS_D.html deleted file mode 100644 index 94d4f4a3..00000000 --- a/docs/vignettes/FOCUS_D.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,332 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Example evaluation of FOCUS Example Dataset D - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

This is just a very simple vignette showing how to fit a degradation model for a parent compound with one transformation product using mkin. After loading the library we look a the data. We have observed concentrations in the column named value at the times specified in column time for the two observed variables named parent and m1.

-
library("mkin")
-print(FOCUS_2006_D)
-
##      name time  value
-## 1  parent    0  99.46
-## 2  parent    0 102.04
-## 3  parent    1  93.50
-## 4  parent    1  92.50
-## 5  parent    3  63.23
-## 6  parent    3  68.99
-## 7  parent    7  52.32
-## 8  parent    7  55.13
-## 9  parent   14  27.27
-## 10 parent   14  26.64
-## 11 parent   21  11.50
-## 12 parent   21  11.64
-## 13 parent   35   2.85
-## 14 parent   35   2.91
-## 15 parent   50   0.69
-## 16 parent   50   0.63
-## 17 parent   75   0.05
-## 18 parent   75   0.06
-## 19 parent  100     NA
-## 20 parent  100     NA
-## 21 parent  120     NA
-## 22 parent  120     NA
-## 23     m1    0   0.00
-## 24     m1    0   0.00
-## 25     m1    1   4.84
-## 26     m1    1   5.64
-## 27     m1    3  12.91
-## 28     m1    3  12.96
-## 29     m1    7  22.97
-## 30     m1    7  24.47
-## 31     m1   14  41.69
-## 32     m1   14  33.21
-## 33     m1   21  44.37
-## 34     m1   21  46.44
-## 35     m1   35  41.22
-## 36     m1   35  37.95
-## 37     m1   50  41.19
-## 38     m1   50  40.01
-## 39     m1   75  40.09
-## 40     m1   75  33.85
-## 41     m1  100  31.04
-## 42     m1  100  33.13
-## 43     m1  120  25.15
-## 44     m1  120  33.31
-

Next we specify the degradation model: The parent compound degrades with simple first-order kinetics (SFO) to one metabolite named m1, which also degrades with SFO kinetics.

-

The call to mkinmod returns a degradation model. The differential equations represented in R code can be found in the character vector $diffs of the mkinmod object. If a C compiler (gcc) is installed and functional, the differential equation model will be compiled from auto-generated C code.

-
SFO_SFO <- mkinmod(parent = mkinsub("SFO", "m1"), m1 = mkinsub("SFO"))
-
## Successfully compiled differential equation model from auto-generated C code.
-
print(SFO_SFO$diffs)
-
##                                                       parent 
-## "d_parent = - k_parent_sink * parent - k_parent_m1 * parent" 
-##                                                           m1 
-##             "d_m1 = + k_parent_m1 * parent - k_m1_sink * m1"
-

We do the fitting without progress report (quiet = TRUE).

-
fit <- mkinfit(SFO_SFO, FOCUS_2006_D, quiet = TRUE)
-

A plot of the fit including a residual plot for both observed variables is obtained using the plot method for mkinfit objects.

-
plot(fit, show_residuals = TRUE)
-

-

Confidence intervals for the parameter estimates are obtained using the mkinparplot function.

-
mkinparplot(fit)
-

-

A comprehensive report of the results is obtained using the summary method for mkinfit objects.

-
summary(fit)
-
## mkin version:    0.9.44.9000 
-## R version:       3.3.1 
-## Date of fit:     Sat Sep 10 05:54:26 2016 
-## Date of summary: Sat Sep 10 05:54:26 2016 
-## 
-## Equations:
-## d_parent = - k_parent_sink * parent - k_parent_m1 * parent
-## d_m1 = + k_parent_m1 * parent - k_m1_sink * m1
-## 
-## Model predictions using solution type deSolve 
-## 
-## Fitted with method Port using 153 model solutions performed in 0.65 s
-## 
-## Weighting: none
-## 
-## Starting values for parameters to be optimised:
-##                  value   type
-## parent_0      100.7500  state
-## k_parent_sink   0.1000 deparm
-## k_parent_m1     0.1001 deparm
-## k_m1_sink       0.1002 deparm
-## 
-## Starting values for the transformed parameters actually optimised:
-##                        value lower upper
-## parent_0          100.750000  -Inf   Inf
-## log_k_parent_sink  -2.302585  -Inf   Inf
-## log_k_parent_m1    -2.301586  -Inf   Inf
-## log_k_m1_sink      -2.300587  -Inf   Inf
-## 
-## Fixed parameter values:
-##      value  type
-## m1_0     0 state
-## 
-## Optimised, transformed parameters with symmetric confidence intervals:
-##                   Estimate Std. Error  Lower   Upper
-## parent_0            99.600    1.61400 96.330 102.900
-## log_k_parent_sink   -3.038    0.07826 -3.197  -2.879
-## log_k_parent_m1     -2.980    0.04124 -3.064  -2.897
-## log_k_m1_sink       -5.248    0.13610 -5.523  -4.972
-## 
-## Parameter correlation:
-##                   parent_0 log_k_parent_sink log_k_parent_m1 log_k_m1_sink
-## parent_0           1.00000            0.6075        -0.06625       -0.1701
-## log_k_parent_sink  0.60752            1.0000        -0.08740       -0.6253
-## log_k_parent_m1   -0.06625           -0.0874         1.00000        0.4716
-## log_k_m1_sink     -0.17006           -0.6253         0.47163        1.0000
-## 
-## Residual standard error: 3.211 on 36 degrees of freedom
-## 
-## Backtransformed parameters:
-## Confidence intervals for internally transformed parameters are asymmetric.
-## t-test (unrealistically) based on the assumption of normal distribution
-## for estimators of untransformed parameters.
-##                Estimate t value    Pr(>t)     Lower     Upper
-## parent_0      99.600000  61.720 2.024e-38 96.330000 1.029e+02
-## k_parent_sink  0.047920  12.780 3.050e-15  0.040890 5.616e-02
-## k_parent_m1    0.050780  24.250 3.407e-24  0.046700 5.521e-02
-## k_m1_sink      0.005261   7.349 5.758e-09  0.003992 6.933e-03
-## 
-## Chi2 error levels in percent:
-##          err.min n.optim df
-## All data   6.398       4 15
-## parent     6.827       3  6
-## m1         4.490       1  9
-## 
-## Resulting formation fractions:
-##                 ff
-## parent_sink 0.4855
-## parent_m1   0.5145
-## m1_sink     1.0000
-## 
-## Estimated disappearance times:
-##           DT50   DT90
-## parent   7.023  23.33
-## m1     131.761 437.70
-## 
-## Data:
-##  time variable observed predicted   residual
-##     0   parent    99.46 9.960e+01 -1.385e-01
-##     0   parent   102.04 9.960e+01  2.442e+00
-##     1   parent    93.50 9.024e+01  3.262e+00
-##     1   parent    92.50 9.024e+01  2.262e+00
-##     3   parent    63.23 7.407e+01 -1.084e+01
-##     3   parent    68.99 7.407e+01 -5.083e+00
-##     7   parent    52.32 4.991e+01  2.408e+00
-##     7   parent    55.13 4.991e+01  5.218e+00
-##    14   parent    27.27 2.501e+01  2.257e+00
-##    14   parent    26.64 2.501e+01  1.627e+00
-##    21   parent    11.50 1.253e+01 -1.035e+00
-##    21   parent    11.64 1.253e+01 -8.946e-01
-##    35   parent     2.85 3.148e+00 -2.979e-01
-##    35   parent     2.91 3.148e+00 -2.379e-01
-##    50   parent     0.69 7.162e-01 -2.624e-02
-##    50   parent     0.63 7.162e-01 -8.624e-02
-##    75   parent     0.05 6.074e-02 -1.074e-02
-##    75   parent     0.06 6.074e-02 -7.382e-04
-##   100   parent       NA 5.151e-03         NA
-##   100   parent       NA 5.151e-03         NA
-##   120   parent       NA 7.155e-04         NA
-##   120   parent       NA 7.155e-04         NA
-##     0       m1     0.00 0.000e+00  0.000e+00
-##     0       m1     0.00 0.000e+00  0.000e+00
-##     1       m1     4.84 4.803e+00  3.704e-02
-##     1       m1     5.64 4.803e+00  8.370e-01
-##     3       m1    12.91 1.302e+01 -1.140e-01
-##     3       m1    12.96 1.302e+01 -6.400e-02
-##     7       m1    22.97 2.504e+01 -2.075e+00
-##     7       m1    24.47 2.504e+01 -5.748e-01
-##    14       m1    41.69 3.669e+01  5.000e+00
-##    14       m1    33.21 3.669e+01 -3.480e+00
-##    21       m1    44.37 4.165e+01  2.717e+00
-##    21       m1    46.44 4.165e+01  4.787e+00
-##    35       m1    41.22 4.331e+01 -2.093e+00
-##    35       m1    37.95 4.331e+01 -5.363e+00
-##    50       m1    41.19 4.122e+01 -2.831e-02
-##    50       m1    40.01 4.122e+01 -1.208e+00
-##    75       m1    40.09 3.645e+01  3.643e+00
-##    75       m1    33.85 3.645e+01 -2.597e+00
-##   100       m1    31.04 3.198e+01 -9.416e-01
-##   100       m1    33.13 3.198e+01  1.148e+00
-##   120       m1    25.15 2.879e+01 -3.640e+00
-##   120       m1    33.31 2.879e+01  4.520e+00
- - - - -
- - - - - - diff --git a/docs/vignettes/FOCUS_L.html b/docs/vignettes/FOCUS_L.html deleted file mode 100644 index 26076d0a..00000000 --- a/docs/vignettes/FOCUS_L.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,830 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Example evaluation of FOCUS Laboratory Data L1 to L3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
-
-
-
- -
- - - - - - - -
-

Laboratory Data L1

-

The following code defines example dataset L1 from the FOCUS kinetics report, p. 284:

-
library("mkin", quietly = TRUE)
-FOCUS_2006_L1 = data.frame(
-  t = rep(c(0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, 30), each = 2),
-  parent = c(88.3, 91.4, 85.6, 84.5, 78.9, 77.6, 
-             72.0, 71.9, 50.3, 59.4, 47.0, 45.1,
-             27.7, 27.3, 10.0, 10.4, 2.9, 4.0))
-FOCUS_2006_L1_mkin <- mkin_wide_to_long(FOCUS_2006_L1)
-

Here we use the assumptions of simple first order (SFO), the case of declining rate constant over time (FOMC) and the case of two different phases of the kinetics (DFOP). For a more detailed discussion of the models, please see the FOCUS kinetics report.

-

Since mkin version 0.9-32 (July 2014), we can use shorthand notation like "SFO" for parent only degradation models. The following two lines fit the model and produce the summary report of the model fit. This covers the numerical analysis given in the FOCUS report.

-
m.L1.SFO <- mkinfit("SFO", FOCUS_2006_L1_mkin, quiet = TRUE)
-summary(m.L1.SFO)
-
## mkin version:    0.9.44.9000 
-## R version:       3.3.1 
-## Date of fit:     Sat Sep 10 05:54:26 2016 
-## Date of summary: Sat Sep 10 05:54:26 2016 
-## 
-## Equations:
-## d_parent = - k_parent_sink * parent
-## 
-## Model predictions using solution type analytical 
-## 
-## Fitted with method Port using 37 model solutions performed in 0.087 s
-## 
-## Weighting: none
-## 
-## Starting values for parameters to be optimised:
-##               value   type
-## parent_0      89.85  state
-## k_parent_sink  0.10 deparm
-## 
-## Starting values for the transformed parameters actually optimised:
-##                       value lower upper
-## parent_0          89.850000  -Inf   Inf
-## log_k_parent_sink -2.302585  -Inf   Inf
-## 
-## Fixed parameter values:
-## None
-## 
-## Optimised, transformed parameters with symmetric confidence intervals:
-##                   Estimate Std. Error  Lower  Upper
-## parent_0            92.470    1.36800 89.570 95.370
-## log_k_parent_sink   -2.347    0.04057 -2.433 -2.261
-## 
-## Parameter correlation:
-##                   parent_0 log_k_parent_sink
-## parent_0            1.0000            0.6248
-## log_k_parent_sink   0.6248            1.0000
-## 
-## Residual standard error: 2.948 on 16 degrees of freedom
-## 
-## Backtransformed parameters:
-## Confidence intervals for internally transformed parameters are asymmetric.
-## t-test (unrealistically) based on the assumption of normal distribution
-## for estimators of untransformed parameters.
-##               Estimate t value    Pr(>t)    Lower   Upper
-## parent_0      92.47000   67.58 2.170e-21 89.57000 95.3700
-## k_parent_sink  0.09561   24.65 1.867e-14  0.08773  0.1042
-## 
-## Chi2 error levels in percent:
-##          err.min n.optim df
-## All data   3.424       2  7
-## parent     3.424       2  7
-## 
-## Resulting formation fractions:
-##             ff
-## parent_sink  1
-## 
-## Estimated disappearance times:
-##         DT50  DT90
-## parent 7.249 24.08
-## 
-## Data:
-##  time variable observed predicted residual
-##     0   parent     88.3    92.471  -4.1710
-##     0   parent     91.4    92.471  -1.0710
-##     1   parent     85.6    84.039   1.5610
-##     1   parent     84.5    84.039   0.4610
-##     2   parent     78.9    76.376   2.5241
-##     2   parent     77.6    76.376   1.2241
-##     3   parent     72.0    69.412   2.5884
-##     3   parent     71.9    69.412   2.4884
-##     5   parent     50.3    57.330  -7.0301
-##     5   parent     59.4    57.330   2.0699
-##     7   parent     47.0    47.352  -0.3515
-##     7   parent     45.1    47.352  -2.2515
-##    14   parent     27.7    24.247   3.4528
-##    14   parent     27.3    24.247   3.0528
-##    21   parent     10.0    12.416  -2.4163
-##    21   parent     10.4    12.416  -2.0163
-##    30   parent      2.9     5.251  -2.3513
-##    30   parent      4.0     5.251  -1.2513
-

A plot of the fit is obtained with the plot function for mkinfit objects.

-
plot(m.L1.SFO, show_errmin = TRUE, main = "FOCUS L1 - SFO")
-

-

The residual plot can be easily obtained by

-
mkinresplot(m.L1.SFO, ylab = "Observed", xlab = "Time")
-

-

For comparison, the FOMC model is fitted as well, and the χ2 error level is checked.

-
m.L1.FOMC <- mkinfit("FOMC", FOCUS_2006_L1_mkin, quiet=TRUE)
-
## Warning in mkinfit("FOMC", FOCUS_2006_L1_mkin, quiet = TRUE): Optimisation by method Port did not converge.
-## Convergence code is 1
-
plot(m.L1.FOMC, show_errmin = TRUE, main = "FOCUS L1 - FOMC")
-

-
summary(m.L1.FOMC, data = FALSE)
-
## mkin version:    0.9.44.9000 
-## R version:       3.3.1 
-## Date of fit:     Sat Sep 10 05:54:27 2016 
-## Date of summary: Sat Sep 10 05:54:27 2016 
-## 
-## 
-## Warning: Optimisation by method Port did not converge.
-## Convergence code is 1 
-## 
-## 
-## Equations:
-## d_parent = - (alpha/beta) * 1/((time/beta) + 1) * parent
-## 
-## Model predictions using solution type analytical 
-## 
-## Fitted with method Port using 188 model solutions performed in 0.444 s
-## 
-## Weighting: none
-## 
-## Starting values for parameters to be optimised:
-##          value   type
-## parent_0 89.85  state
-## alpha     1.00 deparm
-## beta     10.00 deparm
-## 
-## Starting values for the transformed parameters actually optimised:
-##               value lower upper
-## parent_0  89.850000  -Inf   Inf
-## log_alpha  0.000000  -Inf   Inf
-## log_beta   2.302585  -Inf   Inf
-## 
-## Fixed parameter values:
-## None
-## 
-## Optimised, transformed parameters with symmetric confidence intervals:
-##           Estimate Std. Error  Lower Upper
-## parent_0     92.47      1.422  89.44 95.50
-## log_alpha    15.43     15.080 -16.71 47.58
-## log_beta     17.78     15.090 -14.37 49.93
-## 
-## Parameter correlation:
-##           parent_0 log_alpha log_beta
-## parent_0    1.0000    0.1129   0.1112
-## log_alpha   0.1129    1.0000   1.0000
-## log_beta    0.1112    1.0000   1.0000
-## 
-## Residual standard error: 3.045 on 15 degrees of freedom
-## 
-## Backtransformed parameters:
-## Confidence intervals for internally transformed parameters are asymmetric.
-## t-test (unrealistically) based on the assumption of normal distribution
-## for estimators of untransformed parameters.
-##           Estimate t value    Pr(>t)     Lower     Upper
-## parent_0 9.247e+01  65.150 4.044e-20 8.944e+01 9.550e+01
-## alpha    5.044e+06   1.271 1.115e-01 5.510e-08 4.618e+20
-## beta     5.276e+07   1.259 1.137e-01 5.732e-07 4.857e+21
-## 
-## Chi2 error levels in percent:
-##          err.min n.optim df
-## All data   3.619       3  6
-## parent     3.619       3  6
-## 
-## Estimated disappearance times:
-##        DT50  DT90 DT50back
-## parent 7.25 24.08     7.25
-

We get a warning that the default optimisation algorithm Port did not converge, which is an indication that the model is overparameterised, i.e. contains too many parameters that are ill-defined as a consequence.

-

And in fact, due to the higher number of parameters, and the lower number of degrees of freedom of the fit, the χ2 error level is actually higher for the FOMC model (3.6%) than for the SFO model (3.4%). Additionally, the parameters log_alpha and log_beta internally fitted in the model have excessive confidence intervals, that span more than 25 orders of magnitude (!) when backtransformed to the scale of alpha and beta. Also, the t-test for significant difference from zero does not indicate such a significant difference, with p-values greater than 0.1, and finally, the parameter correlation of log_alpha and log_beta is 1.000, clearly indicating that the model is overparameterised.

-

The χ2 error levels reported in Appendix 3 and Appendix 7 to the FOCUS kinetics report are rounded to integer percentages and partly deviate by one percentage point from the results calculated by mkin. The reason for this is not known. However, mkin gives the same χ2 error levels as the kinfit package and the calculation routines of the kinfit package have been extensively compared to the results obtained by the KinGUI software, as documented in the kinfit package vignette. KinGUI was the first widely used standard package in this field. Also, the calculation of χ2 error levels was compared with KinGUII, CAKE and DegKin manager in a project sponsored by the German Umweltbundesamt (Ranke).

-
-
-

Laboratory Data L2

-

The following code defines example dataset L2 from the FOCUS kinetics report, p. 287:

-
FOCUS_2006_L2 = data.frame(
-  t = rep(c(0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 28), each = 2),
-  parent = c(96.1, 91.8, 41.4, 38.7,
-             19.3, 22.3, 4.6, 4.6,
-             2.6, 1.2, 0.3, 0.6))
-FOCUS_2006_L2_mkin <- mkin_wide_to_long(FOCUS_2006_L2)
-
-

SFO fit for L2

-

Again, the SFO model is fitted and the result is plotted. The residual plot can be obtained simply by adding the argument show_residuals to the plot command.

-
m.L2.SFO <- mkinfit("SFO", FOCUS_2006_L2_mkin, quiet=TRUE)
-plot(m.L2.SFO, show_residuals = TRUE, show_errmin = TRUE, 
-     main = "FOCUS L2 - SFO")
-

-

The χ2 error level of 14% suggests that the model does not fit very well. This is also obvious from the plots of the fit, in which we have included the residual plot.

-

In the FOCUS kinetics report, it is stated that there is no apparent systematic error observed from the residual plot up to the measured DT90 (approximately at day 5), and there is an underestimation beyond that point.

-

We may add that it is difficult to judge the random nature of the residuals just from the three samplings at days 0, 1 and 3. Also, it is not clear a priori why a consistent underestimation after the approximate DT90 should be irrelevant. However, this can be rationalised by the fact that the FOCUS fate models generally only implement SFO kinetics.

-
-
-

FOMC fit for L2

-

For comparison, the FOMC model is fitted as well, and the χ2 error level is checked.

-
m.L2.FOMC <- mkinfit("FOMC", FOCUS_2006_L2_mkin, quiet = TRUE)
-plot(m.L2.FOMC, show_residuals = TRUE,
-     main = "FOCUS L2 - FOMC")
-

-
summary(m.L2.FOMC, data = FALSE)
-
## mkin version:    0.9.44.9000 
-## R version:       3.3.1 
-## Date of fit:     Sat Sep 10 05:54:28 2016 
-## Date of summary: Sat Sep 10 05:54:28 2016 
-## 
-## Equations:
-## d_parent = - (alpha/beta) * 1/((time/beta) + 1) * parent
-## 
-## Model predictions using solution type analytical 
-## 
-## Fitted with method Port using 81 model solutions performed in 0.198 s
-## 
-## Weighting: none
-## 
-## Starting values for parameters to be optimised:
-##          value   type
-## parent_0 93.95  state
-## alpha     1.00 deparm
-## beta     10.00 deparm
-## 
-## Starting values for the transformed parameters actually optimised:
-##               value lower upper
-## parent_0  93.950000  -Inf   Inf
-## log_alpha  0.000000  -Inf   Inf
-## log_beta   2.302585  -Inf   Inf
-## 
-## Fixed parameter values:
-## None
-## 
-## Optimised, transformed parameters with symmetric confidence intervals:
-##           Estimate Std. Error   Lower   Upper
-## parent_0   93.7700     1.8560 89.5700 97.9700
-## log_alpha   0.3180     0.1867 -0.1044  0.7405
-## log_beta    0.2102     0.2943 -0.4555  0.8759
-## 
-## Parameter correlation:
-##           parent_0 log_alpha log_beta
-## parent_0   1.00000  -0.09553  -0.1863
-## log_alpha -0.09553   1.00000   0.9757
-## log_beta  -0.18628   0.97567   1.0000
-## 
-## Residual standard error: 2.628 on 9 degrees of freedom
-## 
-## Backtransformed parameters:
-## Confidence intervals for internally transformed parameters are asymmetric.
-## t-test (unrealistically) based on the assumption of normal distribution
-## for estimators of untransformed parameters.
-##          Estimate t value    Pr(>t)   Lower  Upper
-## parent_0   93.770  50.510 1.173e-12 89.5700 97.970
-## alpha       1.374   5.355 2.296e-04  0.9009  2.097
-## beta        1.234   3.398 3.949e-03  0.6341  2.401
-## 
-## Chi2 error levels in percent:
-##          err.min n.optim df
-## All data   6.205       3  3
-## parent     6.205       3  3
-## 
-## Estimated disappearance times:
-##          DT50  DT90 DT50back
-## parent 0.8092 5.356    1.612
-

The error level at which the χ2 test passes is much lower in this case. Therefore, the FOMC model provides a better description of the data, as less experimental error has to be assumed in order to explain the data.

-
-
-

DFOP fit for L2

-

Fitting the four parameter DFOP model further reduces the χ2 error level.

-
m.L2.DFOP <- mkinfit("DFOP", FOCUS_2006_L2_mkin, quiet = TRUE)
-plot(m.L2.DFOP, show_residuals = TRUE, show_errmin = TRUE,
-     main = "FOCUS L2 - DFOP")
-

-
summary(m.L2.DFOP, data = FALSE)
-
## mkin version:    0.9.44.9000 
-## R version:       3.3.1 
-## Date of fit:     Sat Sep 10 05:54:29 2016 
-## Date of summary: Sat Sep 10 05:54:29 2016 
-## 
-## Equations:
-## d_parent = - ((k1 * g * exp(-k1 * time) + k2 * (1 - g) * exp(-k2 *
-##            time)) / (g * exp(-k1 * time) + (1 - g) * exp(-k2 *
-##            time))) * parent
-## 
-## Model predictions using solution type analytical 
-## 
-## Fitted with method Port using 336 model solutions performed in 0.825 s
-## 
-## Weighting: none
-## 
-## Starting values for parameters to be optimised:
-##          value   type
-## parent_0 93.95  state
-## k1        0.10 deparm
-## k2        0.01 deparm
-## g         0.50 deparm
-## 
-## Starting values for the transformed parameters actually optimised:
-##              value lower upper
-## parent_0 93.950000  -Inf   Inf
-## log_k1   -2.302585  -Inf   Inf
-## log_k2   -4.605170  -Inf   Inf
-## g_ilr     0.000000  -Inf   Inf
-## 
-## Fixed parameter values:
-## None
-## 
-## Optimised, transformed parameters with symmetric confidence intervals:
-##          Estimate Std. Error Lower Upper
-## parent_0  93.9500         NA    NA    NA
-## log_k1     3.1370         NA    NA    NA
-## log_k2    -1.0880         NA    NA    NA
-## g_ilr     -0.2821         NA    NA    NA
-## 
-## Parameter correlation:
-
## Warning in print.summary.mkinfit(x): Could not estimate covariance matrix; singular system:
-
## Could not estimate covariance matrix; singular system:
-## 
-## Residual standard error: 1.732 on 8 degrees of freedom
-## 
-## Backtransformed parameters:
-## Confidence intervals for internally transformed parameters are asymmetric.
-## t-test (unrealistically) based on the assumption of normal distribution
-## for estimators of untransformed parameters.
-##          Estimate t value Pr(>t) Lower Upper
-## parent_0  93.9500      NA     NA    NA    NA
-## k1        23.0400      NA     NA    NA    NA
-## k2         0.3369      NA     NA    NA    NA
-## g          0.4016      NA     NA    NA    NA
-## 
-## Chi2 error levels in percent:
-##          err.min n.optim df
-## All data    2.53       4  2
-## parent      2.53       4  2
-## 
-## Estimated disappearance times:
-##          DT50  DT90 DT50_k1 DT50_k2
-## parent 0.5335 5.311 0.03009   2.058
-

Here, the DFOP model is clearly the best-fit model for dataset L2 based on the chi^2 error level criterion. However, the failure to calculate the covariance matrix indicates that the parameter estimates correlate excessively. Therefore, the FOMC model may be preferred for this dataset.

-
-
-
-

Laboratory Data L3

-

The following code defines example dataset L3 from the FOCUS kinetics report, p. 290.

-
FOCUS_2006_L3 = data.frame(
-  t = c(0, 3, 7, 14, 30, 60, 91, 120),
-  parent = c(97.8, 60, 51, 43, 35, 22, 15, 12))
-FOCUS_2006_L3_mkin <- mkin_wide_to_long(FOCUS_2006_L3)
-
-

Use mmkin to fit multiple models

-

As of mkin version 0.9-39 (June 2015), we can fit several models to one or more datasets in one call to the function mmkin. The datasets have to be passed in a list, in this case a named list holding only the L3 dataset prepared above.

-
# Only use one core here, not to offend the CRAN checks
-mm.L3 <- mmkin(c("SFO", "FOMC", "DFOP"), cores = 1,
-               list("FOCUS L3" = FOCUS_2006_L3_mkin), quiet = TRUE)
-plot(mm.L3)
-

-

The χ2 error level of 21% as well as the plot suggest that the SFO model does not fit very well. The FOMC model performs better, with an error level at which the χ2 test passes of 7%. Fitting the four parameter DFOP model further reduces the χ2 error level considerably.

-
-
-

Accessing elements of mmkin objects

-

The objects returned by mmkin are arranged like a matrix, with models as a row index and datasets as a column index.

-

We can extract the summary and plot for e.g. the DFOP fit, using square brackets for indexing which will result in the use of the summary and plot functions working on mkinfit objects.

-
summary(mm.L3[["DFOP", 1]])
-
## mkin version:    0.9.44.9000 
-## R version:       3.3.1 
-## Date of fit:     Sat Sep 10 05:54:30 2016 
-## Date of summary: Sat Sep 10 05:54:30 2016 
-## 
-## Equations:
-## d_parent = - ((k1 * g * exp(-k1 * time) + k2 * (1 - g) * exp(-k2 *
-##            time)) / (g * exp(-k1 * time) + (1 - g) * exp(-k2 *
-##            time))) * parent
-## 
-## Model predictions using solution type analytical 
-## 
-## Fitted with method Port using 137 model solutions performed in 0.319 s
-## 
-## Weighting: none
-## 
-## Starting values for parameters to be optimised:
-##          value   type
-## parent_0 97.80  state
-## k1        0.10 deparm
-## k2        0.01 deparm
-## g         0.50 deparm
-## 
-## Starting values for the transformed parameters actually optimised:
-##              value lower upper
-## parent_0 97.800000  -Inf   Inf
-## log_k1   -2.302585  -Inf   Inf
-## log_k2   -4.605170  -Inf   Inf
-## g_ilr     0.000000  -Inf   Inf
-## 
-## Fixed parameter values:
-## None
-## 
-## Optimised, transformed parameters with symmetric confidence intervals:
-##          Estimate Std. Error   Lower     Upper
-## parent_0  97.7500    1.43800 93.7500 101.70000
-## log_k1    -0.6612    0.13340 -1.0310  -0.29100
-## log_k2    -4.2860    0.05902 -4.4500  -4.12200
-## g_ilr     -0.1229    0.05121 -0.2651   0.01925
-## 
-## Parameter correlation:
-##          parent_0  log_k1   log_k2   g_ilr
-## parent_0  1.00000  0.1640  0.01315  0.4253
-## log_k1    0.16400  1.0000  0.46478 -0.5526
-## log_k2    0.01315  0.4648  1.00000 -0.6631
-## g_ilr     0.42526 -0.5526 -0.66310  1.0000
-## 
-## Residual standard error: 1.439 on 4 degrees of freedom
-## 
-## Backtransformed parameters:
-## Confidence intervals for internally transformed parameters are asymmetric.
-## t-test (unrealistically) based on the assumption of normal distribution
-## for estimators of untransformed parameters.
-##          Estimate t value    Pr(>t)    Lower     Upper
-## parent_0 97.75000  67.970 1.404e-07 93.75000 101.70000
-## k1        0.51620   7.499 8.460e-04  0.35650   0.74750
-## k2        0.01376  16.940 3.557e-05  0.01168   0.01621
-## g         0.45660  25.410 7.121e-06  0.40730   0.50680
-## 
-## Chi2 error levels in percent:
-##          err.min n.optim df
-## All data   2.225       4  4
-## parent     2.225       4  4
-## 
-## Estimated disappearance times:
-##         DT50 DT90 DT50_k1 DT50_k2
-## parent 7.464  123   1.343   50.37
-## 
-## Data:
-##  time variable observed predicted residual
-##     0   parent     97.8     97.75  0.05396
-##     3   parent     60.0     60.45 -0.44933
-##     7   parent     51.0     49.44  1.56338
-##    14   parent     43.0     43.84 -0.83632
-##    30   parent     35.0     35.15 -0.14707
-##    60   parent     22.0     23.26 -1.25919
-##    91   parent     15.0     15.18 -0.18181
-##   120   parent     12.0     10.19  1.81395
-
plot(mm.L3[["DFOP", 1]], show_errmin = TRUE)
-

-

Here, a look to the model plot, the confidence intervals of the parameters and the correlation matrix suggest that the parameter estimates are reliable, and the DFOP model can be used as the best-fit model based on the χ2 error level criterion for laboratory data L3.

-

This is also an example where the standard t-test for the parameter g_ilr is misleading, as it tests for a significant difference from zero. In this case, zero appears to be the correct value for this parameter, and the confidence interval for the backtransformed parameter g is quite narrow.

-
-
-
-

Laboratory Data L4

-

The following code defines example dataset L4 from the FOCUS kinetics report, p. 293:

-
FOCUS_2006_L4 = data.frame(
-  t = c(0, 3, 7, 14, 30, 60, 91, 120),
-  parent = c(96.6, 96.3, 94.3, 88.8, 74.9, 59.9, 53.5, 49.0))
-FOCUS_2006_L4_mkin <- mkin_wide_to_long(FOCUS_2006_L4)
-

Fits of the SFO and FOMC models, plots and summaries are produced below:

-
# Only use one core here, not to offend the CRAN checks
-mm.L4 <- mmkin(c("SFO", "FOMC"), cores = 1,
-               list("FOCUS L4" = FOCUS_2006_L4_mkin), 
-               quiet = TRUE)
-plot(mm.L4)
-

-

The χ2 error level of 3.3% as well as the plot suggest that the SFO model fits very well. The error level at which the χ2 test passes is slightly lower for the FOMC model. However, the difference appears negligible.

-
summary(mm.L4[["SFO", 1]], data = FALSE)
-
## mkin version:    0.9.44.9000 
-## R version:       3.3.1 
-## Date of fit:     Sat Sep 10 05:54:30 2016 
-## Date of summary: Sat Sep 10 05:54:31 2016 
-## 
-## Equations:
-## d_parent = - k_parent_sink * parent
-## 
-## Model predictions using solution type analytical 
-## 
-## Fitted with method Port using 46 model solutions performed in 0.107 s
-## 
-## Weighting: none
-## 
-## Starting values for parameters to be optimised:
-##               value   type
-## parent_0       96.6  state
-## k_parent_sink   0.1 deparm
-## 
-## Starting values for the transformed parameters actually optimised:
-##                       value lower upper
-## parent_0          96.600000  -Inf   Inf
-## log_k_parent_sink -2.302585  -Inf   Inf
-## 
-## Fixed parameter values:
-## None
-## 
-## Optimised, transformed parameters with symmetric confidence intervals:
-##                   Estimate Std. Error  Lower   Upper
-## parent_0             96.44    1.94900 91.670 101.200
-## log_k_parent_sink    -5.03    0.07999 -5.225  -4.834
-## 
-## Parameter correlation:
-##                   parent_0 log_k_parent_sink
-## parent_0            1.0000            0.5865
-## log_k_parent_sink   0.5865            1.0000
-## 
-## Residual standard error: 3.651 on 6 degrees of freedom
-## 
-## Backtransformed parameters:
-## Confidence intervals for internally transformed parameters are asymmetric.
-## t-test (unrealistically) based on the assumption of normal distribution
-## for estimators of untransformed parameters.
-##                Estimate t value    Pr(>t)     Lower     Upper
-## parent_0      96.440000   49.49 2.283e-09 91.670000 1.012e+02
-## k_parent_sink  0.006541   12.50 8.008e-06  0.005378 7.955e-03
-## 
-## Chi2 error levels in percent:
-##          err.min n.optim df
-## All data   3.287       2  6
-## parent     3.287       2  6
-## 
-## Resulting formation fractions:
-##             ff
-## parent_sink  1
-## 
-## Estimated disappearance times:
-##        DT50 DT90
-## parent  106  352
-
summary(mm.L4[["FOMC", 1]], data = FALSE)
-
## mkin version:    0.9.44.9000 
-## R version:       3.3.1 
-## Date of fit:     Sat Sep 10 05:54:31 2016 
-## Date of summary: Sat Sep 10 05:54:31 2016 
-## 
-## Equations:
-## d_parent = - (alpha/beta) * 1/((time/beta) + 1) * parent
-## 
-## Model predictions using solution type analytical 
-## 
-## Fitted with method Port using 66 model solutions performed in 0.149 s
-## 
-## Weighting: none
-## 
-## Starting values for parameters to be optimised:
-##          value   type
-## parent_0  96.6  state
-## alpha      1.0 deparm
-## beta      10.0 deparm
-## 
-## Starting values for the transformed parameters actually optimised:
-##               value lower upper
-## parent_0  96.600000  -Inf   Inf
-## log_alpha  0.000000  -Inf   Inf
-## log_beta   2.302585  -Inf   Inf
-## 
-## Fixed parameter values:
-## None
-## 
-## Optimised, transformed parameters with symmetric confidence intervals:
-##           Estimate Std. Error  Lower    Upper
-## parent_0   99.1400     1.6800 94.820 103.5000
-## log_alpha  -0.3506     0.3725 -1.308   0.6068
-## log_beta    4.1740     0.5635  2.726   5.6230
-## 
-## Parameter correlation:
-##           parent_0 log_alpha log_beta
-## parent_0    1.0000   -0.5365  -0.6083
-## log_alpha  -0.5365    1.0000   0.9913
-## log_beta   -0.6083    0.9913   1.0000
-## 
-## Residual standard error: 2.315 on 5 degrees of freedom
-## 
-## Backtransformed parameters:
-## Confidence intervals for internally transformed parameters are asymmetric.
-## t-test (unrealistically) based on the assumption of normal distribution
-## for estimators of untransformed parameters.
-##          Estimate t value    Pr(>t)   Lower   Upper
-## parent_0  99.1400  59.020 1.322e-08 94.8200 103.500
-## alpha      0.7042   2.685 2.178e-02  0.2703   1.835
-## beta      64.9800   1.775 6.807e-02 15.2600 276.600
-## 
-## Chi2 error levels in percent:
-##          err.min n.optim df
-## All data   2.029       3  5
-## parent     2.029       3  5
-## 
-## Estimated disappearance times:
-##         DT50 DT90 DT50back
-## parent 108.9 1644    494.9
-
-
-

References

-

Ranke, Johannes. Prüfung und Validierung von Modellierungssoftware als Alternative zu ModelMaker 4.0. Umweltbundesamt Projektnummer 27452.

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Benchmark for a model that can also be solved with Eigenvalues

-

This evaluation is taken from the example section of mkinfit. When using an mkin version equal to or greater than 0.9-36 and a C compiler (gcc) is available, you will see a message that the model is being compiled from autogenerated C code when defining a model using mkinmod. The mkinmod() function checks for presence of the gcc compiler using

-
Sys.which("gcc")
-
##            gcc 
-## "/usr/bin/gcc"
-

First, we build a simple degradation model for a parent compound with one metabolite.

-
library("mkin")
-SFO_SFO <- mkinmod(
-  parent = mkinsub("SFO", "m1"),
-  m1 = mkinsub("SFO"))
-
## Successfully compiled differential equation model from auto-generated C code.
-

We can compare the performance of the Eigenvalue based solution against the compiled version and the R implementation of the differential equations using the microbenchmark package.

-
library("microbenchmark")
-library("ggplot2")
-mb.1 <- microbenchmark(
-  "deSolve, not compiled" = mkinfit(SFO_SFO, FOCUS_2006_D, 
-                                    solution_type = "deSolve", 
-                                    use_compiled = FALSE, quiet = TRUE),
-  "Eigenvalue based" = mkinfit(SFO_SFO, FOCUS_2006_D, 
-                               solution_type = "eigen", quiet = TRUE),
-  "deSolve, compiled" = mkinfit(SFO_SFO, FOCUS_2006_D, 
-                                solution_type = "deSolve", quiet = TRUE),
-  times = 3, control = list(warmup = 0))
-
## Warning in microbenchmark(`deSolve, not compiled` = mkinfit(SFO_SFO,
-## FOCUS_2006_D, : Could not measure overhead. Your clock might lack
-## precision.
-
smb.1 <- summary(mb.1)
-print(mb.1)
-
## Unit: milliseconds
-##                   expr       min        lq      mean    median        uq
-##  deSolve, not compiled 6438.0110 6444.1220 6460.7839 6450.2330 6472.1703
-##       Eigenvalue based  885.8356  892.8422  908.1567  899.8489  919.3173
-##      deSolve, compiled  717.8236  722.6525  738.3923  727.4815  748.6767
-##        max neval cld
-##  6494.1075     3   c
-##   938.7858     3  b 
-##   769.8719     3 a
-
autoplot(mb.1)
-

-

We see that using the compiled model is by a factor of 8.9 faster than using the R version with the default ode solver, and it is even faster than the Eigenvalue based solution implemented in R which does not need iterative solution of the ODEs:

-
rownames(smb.1) <- smb.1$expr
-smb.1["median"]/smb.1["deSolve, compiled", "median"]
-
##                         median
-## deSolve, not compiled 8.866525
-## Eigenvalue based      1.236937
-## deSolve, compiled     1.000000
-
-
-

Benchmark for a model that can not be solved with Eigenvalues

-

This evaluation is also taken from the example section of mkinfit.

-
FOMC_SFO <- mkinmod(
-  parent = mkinsub("FOMC", "m1"),
-  m1 = mkinsub( "SFO"))
-
## Successfully compiled differential equation model from auto-generated C code.
-
mb.2 <- microbenchmark(
-  "deSolve, not compiled" = mkinfit(FOMC_SFO, FOCUS_2006_D, 
-                                    use_compiled = FALSE, quiet = TRUE),
-  "deSolve, compiled" = mkinfit(FOMC_SFO, FOCUS_2006_D, quiet = TRUE),
-  times = 3, control = list(warmup = 0))
-
## Warning in microbenchmark(`deSolve, not compiled` = mkinfit(FOMC_SFO,
-## FOCUS_2006_D, : Could not measure overhead. Your clock might lack
-## precision.
-
smb.2 <- summary(mb.2)
-print(mb.2)
-
## Unit: seconds
-##                   expr       min        lq      mean   median        uq
-##  deSolve, not compiled 13.446530 13.475187 13.565657 13.50384 13.625221
-##      deSolve, compiled  1.334123  1.348677  1.356064  1.36323  1.367035
-##        max neval cld
-##  13.746597     3   b
-##   1.370839     3  a
-
smb.2["median"]/smb.2["deSolve, compiled", "median"]
-
##   median
-## 1     NA
-## 2     NA
-
autoplot(mb.2)
-

-

Here we get a performance benefit of a factor of 9.9 using the version of the differential equation model compiled from C code!

-

This vignette was built with mkin 0.9.44.9000 on

-
## R version 3.3.1 (2016-06-21)
-## Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit)
-## Running under: Debian GNU/Linux 8 (jessie)
-
## CPU model: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-4710MQ CPU @ 2.50GHz
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- - - - - - diff --git a/docs/vignettes/mkin.html b/docs/vignettes/mkin.html deleted file mode 100644 index 0540ffd0..00000000 --- a/docs/vignettes/mkin.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,349 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -mkin - Kinetic evaluation of chemical degradation data - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
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Wissenschaftlicher Berater, Kronacher Str. 8, 79639 Grenzach-Wyhlen, Germany
Privatdozent at the University of Bremen

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-

Abstract

-

In the regulatory evaluation of chemical substances like plant protection products (pesticides), biocides and other chemicals, degradation data play an important role. For the evaluation of pesticide degradation experiments, detailed guidance has been developed, based on nonlinear optimisation. The R add-on package mkin (Ranke 2016) implements fitting some of the models recommended in this guidance from within R and calculates some statistical measures for data series within one or more compartments, for parent and metabolites.

-
require(mkin)
-m_SFO_SFO_SFO <- mkinmod(parent = mkinsub("SFO", "M1"),
-                         M1 = mkinsub("SFO", "M2"),
-                         M2 = mkinsub("SFO"), 
-                         use_of_ff = "max", quiet = TRUE)
-
-sampling_times = c(0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 28, 60, 90, 120)
-
-d_SFO_SFO_SFO <- mkinpredict(m_SFO_SFO_SFO,
-  c(k_parent = 0.03, 
-    f_parent_to_M1 = 0.5, k_M1 = log(2)/100, 
-    f_M1_to_M2 = 0.9, k_M2 = log(2)/50),
-  c(parent = 100, M1 = 0, M2 = 0),
-  sampling_times)
-
-d_SFO_SFO_SFO_err <- add_err(d_SFO_SFO_SFO, function(x) 3, n = 1, seed = 123456789 )
-
-f_SFO_SFO_SFO <- mkinfit(m_SFO_SFO_SFO, d_SFO_SFO_SFO_err[[1]], quiet = TRUE)
-
-plot_sep(f_SFO_SFO_SFO, lpos = c("topright", "bottomright", "bottomright"))
-

-
-
-

Background

-

Many approaches are possible regarding the evaluation of chemical degradation data.

-

The now deprecated kinfit package (Ranke 2015) in R (R Development Core Team 2016) implements the approach recommended in the kinetics report provided by the FOrum for Co-ordination of pesticide fate models and their USe (FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics 2006; 2014) for simple data series for one parent compound in one compartment.

-

The mkin package (Ranke 2016) extends this approach to data series with transformation products, commonly termed metabolites, and to more than one compartment. It is also possible to include back reactions, so equilibrium reactions and equilibrium partitioning can be specified, although this oftentimes leads to an overparameterisation of the model.

-

When the first mkin code was published in 2010, the most commonly used tools for fitting more complex kinetic degradation models to experimental data were KinGUI (Schäfer et al. 2007), a MATLAB based tool with a graphical user interface that was specifically tailored to the task and included some output as proposed by the FOCUS Kinetics Workgroup, and ModelMaker, a general purpose compartment based tool providing infrastructure for fitting dynamic simulation models based on differential equations to data.

-

The code was first uploaded to the BerliOS platform. When this was taken down, the version control history was imported into the R-Forge site, where the code is still mirrored today (see e.g. the initial commit on 11 May 2010).

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At that time, the R package FME (Flexible Modelling Environment) (Soetaert and Petzoldt 2010) was already available, and provided a good basis for developing a package specifically tailored to the task. The remaining challenge was to make it as easy as possible for the users (including the author of this vignette) to specify the system of differential equations and to include the output requested by the FOCUS guidance, such as the relative standard deviation that has to be assumed for the residuals, such that the \(\chi^2\) goodness-of-fit test as defined by the FOCUS kinetics workgroup would pass using an significance level \(\alpha\) of 0.05.

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Also, mkin introduced using analytical solutions for parent only kinetics for improved optimization speed. Later, Eigenvalue based solutions were introduced to mkin for the case of linear differential equations (i.e. where the FOMC or DFOP models were not used for the parent compound), greatly improving the optimization speed for these cases.

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The possibility to specify back-reactions and a biphasic model (SFORB) for metabolites were present in mkin from the very beginning.

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Derived software tools

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Soon after the publication of mkin, two derived tools were published, namely KinGUII (available from Bayer Crop Science) and CAKE (commissioned to Tessella by Syngenta), which added a graphical user interface (GUI), and added fitting by iteratively reweighted least squares (IRLS) and characterisation of likely parameter distributions by Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling.

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CAKE focuses on a smooth use experience, sacrificing some flexibility in the model definition, originally allowing only two primary metabolites in parallel. The current version 3.2 of CAKE release in March 2016 uses a basic scheme for up to six metabolites in a flexible arrangement, but does not support back-reactions (non-instantaneous equilibria) or biphasic kinetics for metabolites.

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KinGUI offers an even more flexible widget for specifying complex kinetic models. Back-reactions (non-instanteneous equilibria) were supported early on, but until 2014, only simple first-order models could be specified for transformation products. Starting with KinGUII version 2.1, biphasic modelling of metabolites was also available in KinGUII.

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A further graphical user interface (GUI) that has recently been brought to a decent degree of maturity is the browser based GUI named gmkin. Please see its documentation page and manual for further information.

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Recent developments

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Currently (June 2016), the main features available in mkin which are not present in KinGUII or CAKE, are the speed increase by using compiled code when a compiler is present, parallel model fitting on multicore machines using the mmkin function, and the estimation of parameter confidence intervals based on transformed parameters. These are explained in more detail below.

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Internal parameter transformations

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For rate constants, the log transformation is used, as proposed by Bates and Watts (1988, 77, 149). Approximate intervals are constructed for the transformed rate constants (compare Bates and Watts 1988, 135), i.e. for their logarithms. Confidence intervals for the rate constants are then obtained using the appropriate backtransformation using the exponential function.

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In the first version of mkin allowing for specifying models using formation fractions, a home-made reparameterisation was used in order to ensure that the sum of formation fractions would not exceed unity.

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This method is still used in the current version of KinGUII (v2.1 from April 2014), with a modification that allows for fixing the pathway to sink to zero. CAKE uses penalties in the objective function in order to enforce this constraint.

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In 2012, an alternative reparameterisation of the formation fractions was proposed together with René Lehmann (Ranke and Lehmann 2012), based on isometric logratio transformation (ILR). The aim was to improve the validity of the linear approximation of the objective function during the parameter estimation procedure as well as in the subsequent calculation of parameter confidence intervals.

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Confidence intervals based on transformed parameters

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In the first attempt at providing improved parameter confidence intervals introduced to mkin in 2013, confidence intervals obtained from FME on the transformed parameters were simply all backtransformed one by one to yield asymetric confidence intervals for the backtransformed parameters.

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However, while there is a 1:1 relation between the rate constants in the model and the transformed parameters fitted in the model, the parameters obtained by the isometric logratio transformation are calculated from the set of formation fractions that quantify the paths to each of the compounds formed from a specific parent compound, and no such 1:1 relation exists.

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Therefore, parameter confidence intervals for formation fractions obtained with this method only appear valid for the case of a single transformation product, where only one formation fraction is to be estimated, directly corresponding to one component of the ilr transformed parameter.

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The confidence intervals obtained by backtransformation for the cases where a 1:1 relation between transformed and original parameter exist are considered by the author of this vignette to be more accurate than those obtained using a re-estimation of the Hessian matrix after backtransformation, as implemented in the FME package.

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Parameter t-test based on untransformed parameters

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The standard output of many nonlinear regression software packages includes the results from a test for significant difference from zero for all parameters. Such a test is also recommended to check the validity of rate constants in the FOCUS guidance (FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics 2014, 96ff).

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It has been argued that the precondition for this test, i.e. normal distribution of the estimator for the parameters, is not fulfilled in the case of nonlinear regression (Ranke and Lehmann 2015). However, this test is commonly used by industry, consultants and national authorities in order to decide on the reliability of parameter estimates, based on the FOCUS guidance mentioned above. Therefore, the results of this one-sided t-test are included in the summary output from mkin.

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As it is not reasonable to test for significant difference of the transformed parameters (e.g. \(log(k)\)) from zero, the t-test is calculated based on the model definition before parameter transformation, i.e. in a similar way as in packages that do not apply such an internal parameter transformation. A note is included in the mkin output, pointing to the fact that the t-test is based on the unjustified assumption of normal distribution of the parameter estimators.

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References

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Bates, D., and D. Watts. 1988. Nonlinear Regression and Its Applications. Wiley-Interscience.

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FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics. 2006. Guidance Document on Estimating Persistence and Degradation Kinetics from Environmental Fate Studies on Pesticides in EU Registration. Report of the FOCUS Work Group on Degradation Kinetics. http://focus.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dk.

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———. 2014. Generic Guidance for Estimating Persistence and Degradation Kinetics from Environmental Fate Studies on Pesticides in EU Registration. 1.1. http://focus.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dk.

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R Development Core Team. 2016. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. http://www.R-project.org.

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Ranke, J. 2015. `kinfit`: Routines for Fitting Simple Kinetic Models to Chemical Degradation Data. http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=kinfit.

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———. 2016. `mkin`: Kinetic Evaluation of Chemical Degradation Data. http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=mkin.

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Ranke, J., and R. Lehmann. 2012. “Parameter Reliability in Kinetic Evaluation of Environmental Metabolism Data - Assessment and the Influence of Model Specification.” In SETAC World 20-24 May. Berlin.

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———. 2015. “To T-Test or Not to T-Test, That Is the Question.” In XV Symposium on Pesticide Chemistry 2-4 September 2015. Piacenza. http://chem.uft.uni-bremen.de/ranke/posters/piacenza_2015.pdf.

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Schäfer, D., B. Mikolasch, P. Rainbird, and B. Harvey. 2007. “KinGUI: a New Kinetic Software Tool for Evaluations According to FOCUS Degradation Kinetics.” In Proceedings of the XIII Symposium Pesticide Chemistry, edited by Del Re A. A. M., Capri E., Fragoulis G., and Trevisan M., 916–23. Piacenza.

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Soetaert, Karline, and Thomas Petzoldt. 2010. “Inverse Modelling, Sensitivity and Monte Carlo Analysis in R Using Package FME.” Journal of Statistical Software 33 (3): 1–28. http://www.jstatsoft.org/v33/i03/.

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