# Copyright (C) 2010-2016 Johannes Ranke # Portions of this code are copyright (C) 2013 Eurofins Regulatory AG # Contact: jranke@uni-bremen.de # The summary function is an adapted and extended version of summary.modFit # from the FME package, v 1.1 by Soetart and Petzoldt, which was in turn # inspired by summary.nls.lm # This file is part of the R package mkin # mkin is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the # terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software # Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later # version. # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT # ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS # FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more # details. # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with # this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/> if(getRversion() >= '2.15.1') utils::globalVariables(c("name", "time", "value")) mkinfit <- function(mkinmod, observed, parms.ini = "auto", state.ini = "auto", fixed_parms = NULL, fixed_initials = names(mkinmod$diffs)[-1], from_max_mean = FALSE, solution_type = c("auto", "analytical", "eigen", "deSolve"), method.ode = "lsoda", use_compiled = "auto", method.modFit = c("Port", "Marq", "SANN", "Nelder-Mead", "BFGS", "CG", "L-BFGS-B"), maxit.modFit = "auto", control.modFit = list(), transform_rates = TRUE, transform_fractions = TRUE, plot = FALSE, quiet = FALSE, err = NULL, weight = "none", scaleVar = FALSE, atol = 1e-8, rtol = 1e-10, n.outtimes = 100, reweight.method = NULL, reweight.tol = 1e-8, reweight.max.iter = 10, trace_parms = FALSE, ...) { # Check mkinmod and generate a model for the variable whith the highest value # if a suitable string is given parent_models_available = c("SFO", "FOMC", "DFOP", "HS", "SFORB", "IORE") if (class(mkinmod) != "mkinmod") { presumed_parent_name = observed[which.max(observed$value), "name"] if (mkinmod[[1]] %in% parent_models_available) { speclist <- list(list(type = mkinmod, sink = TRUE)) names(speclist) <- presumed_parent_name mkinmod <- mkinmod(speclist = speclist) } else { stop("Argument mkinmod must be of class mkinmod or a string containing one of\n ", paste(parent_models_available, collapse = ", ")) } } # Check optimisation method and set maximum number of iterations if specified method.modFit = match.arg(method.modFit) if (maxit.modFit != "auto") { if (method.modFit == "Marq") control.modFit$maxiter = maxit.modFit if (method.modFit == "Port") { control.modFit$iter.max = maxit.modFit control.modFit$eval.max = maxit.modFit } if (method.modFit %in% c("SANN", "Nelder-Mead", "BFGS", "CG", "L-BFGS-B")) { control.modFit$maxit = maxit.modFit } } # Get the names of the state variables in the model mod_vars <- names(mkinmod$diffs) # Get the names of observed variables obs_vars <- names(mkinmod$spec) # Subset observed data with names of observed data in the model observed <- subset(observed, name %in% obs_vars) # Obtain data for decline from maximum mean value if requested if (from_max_mean) { # This is only used for simple decline models if (length(obs_vars) > 1) stop("Decline from maximum is only implemented for models with a single observed variable") means <- aggregate(value ~ time, data = observed, mean, na.rm=TRUE) t_of_max <- means[which.max(means$value), "time"] observed <- subset(observed, time >= t_of_max) observed$time <- observed$time - t_of_max } # Define starting values for parameters where not specified by the user if (parms.ini[[1]] == "auto") parms.ini = vector() # Prevent inital parameter specifications that are not in the model wrongpar.names <- setdiff(names(parms.ini), mkinmod$parms) if (length(wrongpar.names) > 0) { stop("Initial parameter(s) ", paste(wrongpar.names, collapse = ", "), " not used in the model") } # Warn that the sum of formation fractions may exceed one if they are not # fitted in the transformed way if (mkinmod$use_of_ff == "max" & transform_fractions == FALSE) { warning("The sum of formation fractions may exceed one if you do not use ", "transform_fractions = TRUE." ) for (box in mod_vars) { # Stop if formation fractions are not transformed and we have no sink if (mkinmod$spec[[box]]$sink == FALSE) { stop("If formation fractions are not transformed during the fitting, ", "it is not supported to turn off pathways to sink.\n ", "Consider turning on the transformation of formation fractions or ", "setting up a model with use_of_ff = 'min'.\n") } } } # Do not allow fixing formation fractions if we are using the ilr transformation, # this is not supported if (transform_fractions == TRUE && length(fixed_parms) > 0) { if (any(grepl("^f_", fixed_parms))) { stop("Fixing formation fractions is not supported when using the ilr ", "transformation.") } } # Set initial parameter values, including a small increment (salt) # to avoid linear dependencies (singular matrix) in Eigenvalue based solutions k_salt = 0 defaultpar.names <- setdiff(mkinmod$parms, names(parms.ini)) for (parmname in defaultpar.names) { # Default values for rate constants, depending on the parameterisation if (grepl("^k", parmname)) { parms.ini[parmname] = 0.1 + k_salt k_salt = k_salt + 1e-4 } # Default values for rate constants for reversible binding if (grepl("free_bound$", parmname)) parms.ini[parmname] = 0.1 if (grepl("bound_free$", parmname)) parms.ini[parmname] = 0.02 # Default values for IORE exponents if (grepl("^N", parmname)) parms.ini[parmname] = 1 # Default values for the FOMC, DFOP and HS models if (parmname == "alpha") parms.ini[parmname] = 1 if (parmname == "beta") parms.ini[parmname] = 10 if (parmname == "k1") parms.ini[parmname] = 0.1 if (parmname == "k2") parms.ini[parmname] = 0.01 if (parmname == "tb") parms.ini[parmname] = 5 if (parmname == "g") parms.ini[parmname] = 0.5 } # Default values for formation fractions in case they are present for (box in mod_vars) { f_names <- mkinmod$parms[grep(paste0("^f_", box), mkinmod$parms)] if (length(f_names) > 0) { # We need to differentiate between default and specified fractions # and set the unspecified to 1 - sum(specified)/n_unspecified f_default_names <- intersect(f_names, defaultpar.names) f_specified_names <- setdiff(f_names, defaultpar.names) sum_f_specified = sum(parms.ini[f_specified_names]) if (sum_f_specified > 1) { stop("Starting values for the formation fractions originating from ", box, " sum up to more than 1.") } if (mkinmod$spec[[box]]$sink) n_unspecified = length(f_default_names) + 1 else { n_unspecified = length(f_default_names) } parms.ini[f_default_names] <- (1 - sum_f_specified) / n_unspecified } } # Set default for state.ini if appropriate parent_name = names(mkinmod$spec)[[1]] if (state.ini[1] == "auto") { parent_time_0 = subset(observed, time == 0 & name == parent_name)$value parent_time_0_mean = mean(parent_time_0, na.rm = TRUE) if (is.na(parent_time_0_mean)) { state.ini = c(100, rep(0, length(mkinmod$diffs) - 1)) } else { state.ini = c(parent_time_0_mean, rep(0, length(mkinmod$diffs) - 1)) } } # Name the inital state variable values if they are not named yet if(is.null(names(state.ini))) names(state.ini) <- mod_vars # Transform initial parameter values for fitting transparms.ini <- transform_odeparms(parms.ini, mkinmod, transform_rates = transform_rates, transform_fractions = transform_fractions) # Parameters to be optimised: # Kinetic parameters in parms.ini whose names are not in fixed_parms parms.fixed <- parms.ini[fixed_parms] parms.optim <- parms.ini[setdiff(names(parms.ini), fixed_parms)] transparms.fixed <- transform_odeparms(parms.fixed, mkinmod, transform_rates = transform_rates, transform_fractions = transform_fractions) transparms.optim <- transform_odeparms(parms.optim, mkinmod, transform_rates = transform_rates, transform_fractions = transform_fractions) # Inital state variables in state.ini whose names are not in fixed_initials state.ini.fixed <- state.ini[fixed_initials] state.ini.optim <- state.ini[setdiff(names(state.ini), fixed_initials)] # Preserve names of state variables before renaming initial state variable # parameters state.ini.optim.boxnames <- names(state.ini.optim) state.ini.fixed.boxnames <- names(state.ini.fixed) if(length(state.ini.optim) > 0) { names(state.ini.optim) <- paste(names(state.ini.optim), "0", sep="_") } if(length(state.ini.fixed) > 0) { names(state.ini.fixed) <- paste(names(state.ini.fixed), "0", sep="_") } # Decide if the solution of the model can be based on a simple analytical # formula, the spectral decomposition of the matrix (fundamental system) # or a numeric ode solver from the deSolve package # Prefer deSolve over eigen if a compiled model is present and use_compiled # is not set to FALSE solution_type = match.arg(solution_type) if (solution_type == "analytical" && length(mkinmod$spec) > 1) stop("Analytical solution not implemented for models with metabolites.") if (solution_type == "eigen" && !is.matrix(mkinmod$coefmat)) stop("Eigenvalue based solution not possible, coefficient matrix not present.") if (solution_type == "auto") { if (length(mkinmod$spec) == 1) { solution_type = "analytical" } else { if (!is.null(mkinmod$cf) & use_compiled[1] != FALSE) { solution_type = "deSolve" } else { if (is.matrix(mkinmod$coefmat)) { solution_type = "eigen" if (max(observed$value, na.rm = TRUE) < 0.1) { stop("The combination of small observed values (all < 0.1) and solution_type = eigen is error-prone") } } else { solution_type = "deSolve" } } } } # Define outtimes for model solution. # Include time points at which observed data are available # Make sure we include time 0, so initial values for state variables are for time 0 outtimes = sort(unique(c(observed$time, seq(min(observed$time), max(observed$time), length.out = n.outtimes)))) cost.old <- 1e100 # The first model cost should be smaller than this value calls <- 0 # Counter for number of model solutions out_predicted <- NA # Define the model cost function for optimisation, including (back)transformations cost <- function(P) { assign("calls", calls+1, inherits=TRUE) # Increase the model solution counter # Trace parameter values if requested if(trace_parms) cat(P, "\n") if(length(state.ini.optim) > 0) { odeini <- c(P[1:length(state.ini.optim)], state.ini.fixed) names(odeini) <- c(state.ini.optim.boxnames, state.ini.fixed.boxnames) } else { odeini <- state.ini.fixed names(odeini) <- state.ini.fixed.boxnames } odeparms <- c(P[(length(state.ini.optim) + 1):length(P)], transparms.fixed) parms <- backtransform_odeparms(odeparms, mkinmod, transform_rates = transform_rates, transform_fractions = transform_fractions) # Solve the system with current transformed parameter values out <- mkinpredict(mkinmod, parms, odeini, outtimes, solution_type = solution_type, use_compiled = use_compiled, method.ode = method.ode, atol = atol, rtol = rtol, ...) assign("out_predicted", out, inherits=TRUE) mC <- modCost(out, observed, y = "value", err = err, weight = weight, scaleVar = scaleVar) # Report and/or plot if the model is improved if (mC$model < cost.old) { if(!quiet) cat("Model cost at call ", calls, ": ", mC$model, "\n") # Plot the data and current model output if requested if(plot) { outtimes_plot = seq(min(observed$time), max(observed$time), length.out=100) out_plot <- mkinpredict(mkinmod, parms, odeini, outtimes_plot, solution_type = solution_type, use_compiled = use_compiled, method.ode = method.ode, atol = atol, rtol = rtol, ...) plot(0, type="n", xlim = range(observed$time), ylim = c(0, max(observed$value, na.rm=TRUE)), xlab = "Time", ylab = "Observed") col_obs <- pch_obs <- 1:length(obs_vars) lty_obs <- rep(1, length(obs_vars)) names(col_obs) <- names(pch_obs) <- names(lty_obs) <- obs_vars for (obs_var in obs_vars) { points(subset(observed, name == obs_var, c(time, value)), pch = pch_obs[obs_var], col = col_obs[obs_var]) } matlines(out_plot$time, out_plot[-1], col = col_obs, lty = lty_obs) legend("topright", inset=c(0.05, 0.05), legend=obs_vars, col=col_obs, pch=pch_obs, lty=1:length(pch_obs)) } assign("cost.old", mC$model, inherits=TRUE) } return(mC) } # Define the model cost function for the t-test, without parameter transformation cost_notrans <- function(P) { if(length(state.ini.optim) > 0) { odeini <- c(P[1:length(state.ini.optim)], state.ini.fixed) names(odeini) <- c(state.ini.optim.boxnames, state.ini.fixed.boxnames) } else { odeini <- state.ini.fixed names(odeini) <- state.ini.fixed.boxnames } odeparms <- c(P[(length(state.ini.optim) + 1):length(P)], parms.fixed) # Solve the system with current parameter values out <- mkinpredict(mkinmod, odeparms, odeini, outtimes, solution_type = solution_type, use_compiled = use_compiled, method.ode = method.ode, atol = atol, rtol = rtol, ...) mC <- modCost(out, observed, y = "value", err = err, weight = weight, scaleVar = scaleVar) return(mC) } # Define lower and upper bounds other than -Inf and Inf for parameters # for which no internal transformation is requested in the call to mkinfit. lower <- rep(-Inf, length(c(state.ini.optim, transparms.optim))) upper <- rep(Inf, length(c(state.ini.optim, transparms.optim))) names(lower) <- names(upper) <- c(names(state.ini.optim), names(transparms.optim)) if (!transform_rates) { index_k <- grep("^k_", names(lower)) lower[index_k] <- 0 index_k__iore <- grep("^k__iore_", names(lower)) lower[index_k__iore] <- 0 other_rate_parms <- intersect(c("alpha", "beta", "k1", "k2", "tb"), names(lower)) lower[other_rate_parms] <- 0 } if (!transform_fractions) { index_f <- grep("^f_", names(upper)) lower[index_f] <- 0 upper[index_f] <- 1 other_fraction_parms <- intersect(c("g"), names(upper)) lower[other_fraction_parms] <- 0 upper[other_fraction_parms] <- 1 } # Do the fit and take the time fit_time <- system.time({ fit <- modFit(cost, c(state.ini.optim, transparms.optim), method = method.modFit, control = control.modFit, lower = lower, upper = upper, ...) # Reiterate the fit until convergence of the variance components (IRLS) # if requested by the user weight.ini = weight if (!is.null(err)) weight.ini = "manual" if (!is.null(reweight.method)) { if (reweight.method != "obs") stop("Only reweighting method 'obs' is implemented") if(!quiet) { cat("IRLS based on variance estimates for each observed variable\n") } if (!quiet) { cat("Initial variance estimates are:\n") print(signif(fit$var_ms_unweighted, 8)) } reweight.diff = 1 n.iter <- 0 if (!is.null(err)) observed$err.ini <- observed[[err]] err = "err.irls" while (reweight.diff > reweight.tol & n.iter < reweight.max.iter) { n.iter <- n.iter + 1 sigma.old <- sqrt(fit$var_ms_unweighted) observed[err] <- sqrt(fit$var_ms_unweighted)[as.character(observed$name)] fit <- modFit(cost, fit$par, method = method.modFit, control = control.modFit, lower = lower, upper = upper, ...) reweight.diff = sum((sqrt(fit$var_ms_unweighted) - sigma.old)^2) if (!quiet) { cat("Iteration", n.iter, "yields variance estimates:\n") print(signif(fit$var_ms_unweighted, 8)) cat("Sum of squared differences to last variance estimates:", signif(reweight.diff, 2), "\n") } } } }) # Check for convergence if (method.modFit == "Marq") { if (!fit$info %in% c(1, 2, 3)) { fit$warning = paste0("Optimisation by method ", method.modFit, " did not converge.\n", "The message returned by nls.lm is:\n", fit$message) warning(fit$warning) } else { if(!quiet) cat("Optimisation by method", method.modFit, "successfully terminated.\n") } } if (method.modFit %in% c("Port", "SANN", "Nelder-Mead", "BFGS", "CG", "L-BFGS-B")) { if (fit$convergence != 0) { fit$warning = paste0("Optimisation by method ", method.modFit, " did not converge.\n", "Convergence code is ", fit$convergence, ifelse(is.null(fit$message), "", paste0("\nMessage is ", fit$message))) warning(fit$warning) } else { if(!quiet) cat("Optimisation by method", method.modFit, "successfully terminated.\n") } } # Return number of iterations for SANN method if (method.modFit == "SANN") { fit$iter = maxit.modFit if(!quiet) cat("Termination of the SANN algorithm does not imply convergence.\n") } # We need to return some more data for summary and plotting fit$solution_type <- solution_type fit$transform_rates <- transform_rates fit$transform_fractions <- transform_fractions fit$method.modFit <- method.modFit fit$maxit.modFit <- maxit.modFit fit$calls <- calls fit$time <- fit_time # We also need the model for summary and plotting fit$mkinmod <- mkinmod # We need data and predictions for summary and plotting fit$observed <- observed fit$obs_vars <- obs_vars fit$predicted <- mkin_wide_to_long(out_predicted, time = "time") # Backtransform parameters bparms.optim = backtransform_odeparms(fit$par, fit$mkinmod, transform_rates = transform_rates, transform_fractions = transform_fractions) bparms.fixed = c(state.ini.fixed, parms.fixed) bparms.all = c(bparms.optim, parms.fixed) # Attach the cost functions to the fit for post-hoc parameter uncertainty analysis fit$cost <- cost fit$cost_notrans <- cost_notrans # Estimate the Hessian for the model cost without parameter transformations # to make it possible to obtain the usual t-test # Code ported from FME::modFit Jac_notrans <- try(gradient(function(p, ...) cost_notrans(p)$residuals$res, bparms.optim, centered = TRUE), silent = TRUE) if (inherits(Jac_notrans, "try-error")) { warning("Calculation of the Jacobian failed for the cost function of the untransformed model.\n", "No t-test results will be available") fit$hessian_notrans <- NA } else { fit$hessian_notrans <- 2 * t(Jac_notrans) %*% Jac_notrans } # Collect initial parameter values in three dataframes fit$start <- data.frame(value = c(state.ini.optim, parms.optim)) fit$start$type = c(rep("state", length(state.ini.optim)), rep("deparm", length(parms.optim))) fit$start_transformed = data.frame( value = c(state.ini.optim, transparms.optim), lower = lower, upper = upper) fit$fixed <- data.frame(value = c(state.ini.fixed, parms.fixed)) fit$fixed$type = c(rep("state", length(state.ini.fixed)), rep("deparm", length(parms.fixed))) # Collect observed, predicted, residuals and weighting data <- merge(fit$observed, fit$predicted, by = c("time", "name")) data$name <- ordered(data$name, levels = obs_vars) data <- data[order(data$name, data$time), ] # Add a column named "value" holding the observed values for the case # that this column was selected for manual weighting, so it can be # shown in the summary as "err" data$value <- data$value.x fit$data <- data.frame(time = data$time, variable = data$name, observed = data$value.x, predicted = data$value.y) fit$data$residual <- fit$data$observed - fit$data$predicted if (!is.null(data$err.ini)) fit$data$err.ini <- data$err.ini if (!is.null(err)) fit$data[["err"]] <- data[[err]] fit$atol <- atol fit$rtol <- rtol fit$weight.ini <- weight.ini fit$reweight.method <- reweight.method fit$reweight.tol <- reweight.tol fit$reweight.max.iter <- reweight.max.iter # Return different sets of backtransformed parameters for summary and plotting fit$bparms.optim <- bparms.optim fit$bparms.fixed <- bparms.fixed # Return ode and state parameters for further fitting fit$bparms.ode <- bparms.all[mkinmod$parms] fit$bparms.state <- c(bparms.all[setdiff(names(bparms.all), names(fit$bparms.ode))], state.ini.fixed) names(fit$bparms.state) <- gsub("_0$", "", names(fit$bparms.state)) fit$date <- date() class(fit) <- c("mkinfit", "modFit") return(fit) } summary.mkinfit <- function(object, data = TRUE, distimes = TRUE, alpha = 0.05, ...) { param <- object$par pnames <- names(param) bpnames <- names(object$bparms.optim) p <- length(param) mod_vars <- names(object$mkinmod$diffs) covar <- try(solve(0.5*object$hessian), silent = TRUE) # unscaled covariance covar_notrans <- try(solve(0.5*object$hessian_notrans), silent = TRUE) # unscaled covariance rdf <- object$df.residual resvar <- object$ssr / rdf if (!is.numeric(covar) | is.na(covar[1])) { covar <- NULL se <- lci <- uci <- rep(NA, p) } else { rownames(covar) <- colnames(covar) <- pnames se <- sqrt(diag(covar) * resvar) lci <- param + qt(alpha/2, rdf) * se uci <- param + qt(1-alpha/2, rdf) * se } if (!is.numeric(covar_notrans) | is.na(covar_notrans[1])) { covar_notrans <- NULL se_notrans <- tval <- pval <- rep(NA, p) } else { rownames(covar_notrans) <- colnames(covar_notrans) <- bpnames se_notrans <- sqrt(diag(covar_notrans) * resvar) tval <- object$bparms.optim/se_notrans pval <- pt(abs(tval), rdf, lower.tail = FALSE) } names(se) <- pnames modVariance <- object$ssr / length(object$residuals) param <- cbind(param, se, lci, uci) dimnames(param) <- list(pnames, c("Estimate", "Std. Error", "Lower", "Upper")) bparam <- cbind(Estimate = object$bparms.optim, se_notrans, "t value" = tval, "Pr(>t)" = pval, Lower = NA, Upper = NA) # Transform boundaries of CI for one parameter at a time, # with the exception of sets of formation fractions (single fractions are OK). f_names_skip <- character(0) for (box in mod_vars) { # Figure out sets of fractions to skip f_names <- grep(paste("^f", box, sep = "_"), pnames, value = TRUE) n_paths <- length(f_names) if (n_paths > 1) f_names_skip <- c(f_names_skip, f_names) } for (pname in pnames) { if (!pname %in% f_names_skip) { par.lower <- param[pname, "Lower"] par.upper <- param[pname, "Upper"] names(par.lower) <- names(par.upper) <- pname bpl <- backtransform_odeparms(par.lower, object$mkinmod, object$transform_rates, object$transform_fractions) bpu <- backtransform_odeparms(par.upper, object$mkinmod, object$transform_rates, object$transform_fractions) bparam[names(bpl), "Lower"] <- bpl bparam[names(bpu), "Upper"] <- bpu } } ans <- list( version = as.character(utils::packageVersion("mkin")), Rversion = paste(R.version$major, R.version$minor, sep="."), date.fit = object$date, date.summary = date(), solution_type = object$solution_type, method.modFit = object$method.modFit, warning = object$warning, use_of_ff = object$mkinmod$use_of_ff, weight.ini = object$weight.ini, reweight.method = object$reweight.method, residuals = object$residuals, residualVariance = resvar, sigma = sqrt(resvar), modVariance = modVariance, df = c(p, rdf), cov.unscaled = covar, cov.scaled = covar * resvar, info = object$info, niter = object$iterations, calls = object$calls, time = object$time, stopmess = message, par = param, bpar = bparam) ans$diffs <- object$mkinmod$diffs if(data) ans$data <- object$data ans$start <- object$start ans$start_transformed <- object$start_transformed ans$fixed <- object$fixed ans$errmin <- mkinerrmin(object, alpha = 0.05) ans$bparms.ode <- object$bparms.ode ep <- endpoints(object) if (length(ep$ff) != 0) ans$ff <- ep$ff if(distimes) ans$distimes <- ep$distimes if(length(ep$SFORB) != 0) ans$SFORB <- ep$SFORB class(ans) <- c("summary.mkinfit", "summary.modFit") return(ans) } # Expanded from print.summary.modFit print.summary.mkinfit <- function(x, digits = max(3, getOption("digits") - 3), ...) { cat("mkin version: ", x$version, "\n") cat("R version: ", x$Rversion, "\n") cat("Date of fit: ", x$date.fit, "\n") cat("Date of summary:", x$date.summary, "\n") if (!is.null(x$warning)) cat("\n\nWarning:", x$warning, "\n\n") cat("\nEquations:\n") nice_diffs <- gsub("^(d.*) =", "\\1/dt =", x[["diffs"]]) writeLines(strwrap(nice_diffs, exdent = 11)) df <- x$df rdf <- df[2] cat("\nModel predictions using solution type", x$solution_type, "\n") cat("\nFitted with method", x$method.modFit, "using", x$calls, "model solutions performed in", x$time[["elapsed"]], "s\n") cat("\nWeighting:", x$weight.ini) if(!is.null(x$reweight.method)) cat(" then iterative reweighting method", x$reweight.method) cat("\n") cat("\nStarting values for parameters to be optimised:\n") print(x$start) cat("\nStarting values for the transformed parameters actually optimised:\n") print(x$start_transformed) cat("\nFixed parameter values:\n") if(length(x$fixed$value) == 0) cat("None\n") else print(x$fixed) cat("\nOptimised, transformed parameters with symmetric confidence intervals:\n") print(signif(x$par, digits = digits)) if (x$calls > 0) { cat("\nParameter correlation:\n") if (!is.null(x$cov.unscaled)){ Corr <- cov2cor(x$cov.unscaled) rownames(Corr) <- colnames(Corr) <- rownames(x$par) print(Corr, digits = digits, ...) } else { msg <- "Could not estimate covariance matrix; singular system:\n" warning(msg) cat(msg) } } cat("\nResidual standard error:", format(signif(x$sigma, digits)), "on", rdf, "degrees of freedom\n") cat("\nBacktransformed parameters:\n") cat("Confidence intervals for internally transformed parameters are asymmetric.\n") if ((x$version) < "0.9-36") { cat("To get the usual (questionable) t-test, upgrade mkin and repeat the fit.\n") print(signif(x$bpar, digits = digits)) } else { cat("t-test (unrealistically) based on the assumption of normal distribution\n") cat("for estimators of untransformed parameters.\n") print(signif(x$bpar[, c(1, 3, 4, 5, 6)], digits = digits)) } cat("\nChi2 error levels in percent:\n") x$errmin$err.min <- 100 * x$errmin$err.min print(x$errmin, digits=digits,...) printSFORB <- !is.null(x$SFORB) if(printSFORB){ cat("\nEstimated Eigenvalues of SFORB model(s):\n") print(x$SFORB, digits=digits,...) } printff <- !is.null(x$ff) if(printff){ cat("\nResulting formation fractions:\n") print(data.frame(ff = x$ff), digits=digits,...) } printdistimes <- !is.null(x$distimes) if(printdistimes){ cat("\nEstimated disappearance times:\n") print(x$distimes, digits=digits,...) } printdata <- !is.null(x$data) if (printdata){ cat("\nData:\n") print(format(x$data, digits = digits, ...), row.names = FALSE) } invisible(x) } # vim: set ts=2 sw=2 expandtab: