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If an interval is given, an +attempt is made at calculating a long term maximum concentration using +the concepts layed out for example in the PPR panel opinion (EFSA 2012).</p> + + + <pre><span class='fu'>PEC_soil</span>(<span class='no'>rate</span>, <span class='kw'>rate_units</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='st'>"g/ha"</span>, <span class='kw'>interception</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>0</span>, <span class='kw'>mixing_depth</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>5</span>, + <span class='kw'>PEC_units</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='st'>"mg/kg"</span>, <span class='kw'>PEC_pw_units</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='st'>"mg/L"</span>, <span class='kw'>interval</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>NA</span>, + <span class='kw'>n_periods</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>Inf</span>, <span class='kw'>tillage_depth</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>20</span>, <span class='kw'>chent</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>NA</span>, <span class='kw'>DT50</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>NA</span>, + <span class='kw'>Koc</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>NA</span>, <span class='kw'>Kom</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='no'>Koc</span>/<span class='fl'>1.724</span>, <span class='kw'>t_avg</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>0</span>, <span class='kw'>scenarios</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fu'>c</span>(<span class='st'>"default"</span>, + <span class='st'>"EFSA_2015"</span>), <span class='kw'>porewater</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>FALSE</span>)</pre> + + <h2 class="hasAnchor" id="arguments"><a class="anchor" href="#arguments"></a> Arguments</h2> + <dl class="dl-horizontal"> + <dt>rate</dt> + <dd>Application rate in units specified below</dd> + <dt>rate_units</dt> + <dd>Defaults to g/ha</dd> + <dt>interception</dt> + <dd>The fraction of the application rate that does not reach the soil</dd> + <dt>mixing_depth</dt> + <dd>Mixing depth in cm</dd> + <dt>PEC_units</dt> + <dd>Requested units for the calculated PEC. Only mg/kg currently supported</dd> + <dt>PEC_pw_units</dt> + <dd>Only mg/L currently supported</dd> + <dt>interval</dt> + <dd>Period of the deeper mixing, defaults to 365, which is a year if +rate units are in days</dd> + <dt>n_periods</dt> + <dd>Number of periods to be considered for long term PEC calculations</dd> + <dt>tillage_depth</dt> + <dd>Periodic (see interval) deeper mixing in cm</dd> + <dt>chent</dt> + <dd>An optional chent object holding substance specific information. Can +also be a name for the substance as a character string</dd> + <dt>DT50</dt> + <dd>If specified, overrides soil DT50 endpoints from a chent object +If DT50 is not specified here and not available from the chent object, zero +degradation is assumed</dd> + <dt>Koc</dt> + <dd>If specified, overrides Koc endpoints from a chent object</dd> + <dt>Kom</dt> + <dd>Calculated from Koc by default, but can explicitly be specified +as Kom here</dd> + <dt>t_avg</dt> + <dd>Averaging times for time weighted average concentrations</dd> + <dt>scenarios</dt> + <dd>If this is 'default', the DT50 will be used without correction +and soil properties as specified in the REACH guidance (R.16, Table +R.16-9) are used for porewater PEC calculations. If this is "EFSA_2015", +the DT50 is taken to be a modelling half-life at 20°C and pF2 (for when +'chents' is specified, the DegT50 with destination 'PECgw' will be used), +and corrected using an Arrhenius activation energy of 65.4 kJ/mol. Also +model and scenario adjustment factors from the EFSA guidance are used.</dd> + <dt>porewater</dt> + <dd>Should equilibrium porewater concentrations be estimated +based on Kom and the organic carbon fraction of the soil instead of total +soil concentrations? Based on equation (7) given in the PPR panel opinion +(EFSA 2012, p. 24) and the scenarios specified in the EFSA guidance (2015, +p. 13).</dd> + </dl> + + <h2 class="hasAnchor" id="value"><a class="anchor" href="#value"></a>Value</h2> + + <p>The predicted concentration in soil</p> + + <h2 class="hasAnchor" id="details"><a class="anchor" href="#details"></a>Details</h2> + + <p>This assumes that the complete load to soil during the time specified by +'interval' (typically 365 days) is dosed at once. As in the PPR panel +opinion cited below (PPR panel 2012), only temperature correction using the +Arrhenius equation is performed.</p> + <p>Total soil and porewater PEC values for the scenarios as defined in the EFSA +guidance (2015, p. 13) can easily be calculated.</p> + + <h2 class="hasAnchor" id="note"><a class="anchor" href="#note"></a>Note</h2> + + <p>If temperature information is available in the selected scenarios, as + e.g. in the EFSA scenarios, the DT50 for groundwater modelling + (destination 'PECgw') is taken from the chent object, otherwise the DT50 + with destination 'PECsoil'.</p> + + <h2 class="hasAnchor" id="references"><a class="anchor" href="#references"></a>References</h2> + + <p>EFSA Panel on Plant Protection Products and their Residues (2012) + Scientific Opinion on the science behind the guidance for scenario + selection and scenario parameterisation for predicting environmental + concentrations of plant protection products in soil. <em>EFSA Journal</em> + <b>10</b>(2) 2562, doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2562</p> + <p>EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) (2015) EFSA guidance document for + predicting environmental concentrations of active substances of plant + protection products and transformation products of these active substances + in soil. <em>EFSA Journal</em> <b>13</b>(4) 4093 + doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4093</p> + + + <h2 class="hasAnchor" id="examples"><a class="anchor" href="#examples"></a>Examples</h2> + <pre class="examples"><div class='input'><span class='fu'>PEC_soil</span>(<span class='fl'>100</span>, <span class='kw'>interception</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>0.25</span>)</div><div class='output co'>#> scenario +#> t_avg default +#> 0 0.1</div><div class='input'> +<span class='co'># This is example 1 starting at p. 79 of the EFSA guidance (2015)</span> +<span class='fu'>PEC_soil</span>(<span class='fl'>1000</span>, <span class='kw'>interval</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>365</span>, <span class='kw'>DT50</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>250</span>, <span class='kw'>t_avg</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fu'>c</span>(<span class='fl'>0</span>, <span class='fl'>21</span>), + <span class='kw'>scenarios</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='st'>"EFSA_2015"</span>)</div><div class='output co'>#> scenario +#> t_avg CTN CTC CTS +#> 0 21.96827 11.53750 9.145259 +#> 21 21.78517 11.40701 9.017370</div><div class='input'><span class='fu'>PEC_soil</span>(<span class='fl'>1000</span>, <span class='kw'>interval</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>365</span>, <span class='kw'>DT50</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>250</span>, <span class='kw'>t_av</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fu'>c</span>(<span class='fl'>0</span>, <span class='fl'>21</span>), + <span class='kw'>Kom</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>1000</span>, <span class='kw'>scenarios</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='st'>"EFSA_2015"</span>, <span class='kw'>porewater</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>TRUE</span>)</div><div class='output co'>#> scenario +#> t_avg CLN CLC CLS +#> 0 0.7589401 0.6674322 0.9147861 +#> 21 0.7506036 0.6590345 0.8987279</div><div class='input'> +<span class='co'># The following is from example 4 starting at p. 85 of the EFSA guidance (2015)</span> +<span class='co'># Metabolite M2</span> +<span class='co'># Calculate total and porewater soil concentrations for tier 1 scenarios</span> +<span class='co'># Relative molar mass is 100/300, formation fraction is 0.7 * 1</span> +<span class='no'>results_pfm</span> <span class='kw'><-</span> <span class='fu'>PEC_soil</span>(<span class='fl'>100</span>/<span class='fl'>300</span> * <span class='fl'>0.7</span> * <span class='fl'>1</span> * <span class='fl'>1000</span>, <span class='kw'>interval</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>365</span>, <span class='kw'>DT50</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>250</span>, <span class='kw'>t_avg</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fu'>c</span>(<span class='fl'>0</span>, <span class='fl'>21</span>), + <span class='kw'>scenarios</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='st'>"EFSA_2015"</span>) +<span class='no'>results_pfm_pw</span> <span class='kw'><-</span> <span class='fu'>PEC_soil</span>(<span class='fl'>100</span>/<span class='fl'>300</span> * <span class='fl'>0.7</span> * <span class='fl'>1000</span>, <span class='kw'>interval</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>365</span>, <span class='kw'>DT50</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>250</span>, <span class='kw'>t_av</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fu'>c</span>(<span class='fl'>0</span>, <span class='fl'>21</span>), + <span class='kw'>Kom</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>100</span>, <span class='kw'>scenarios</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='st'>"EFSA_2015"</span>, <span class='kw'>porewater</span> <span class='kw'>=</span> <span class='fl'>TRUE</span>)</div></pre> + </div> + <div class="col-md-3 hidden-xs hidden-sm" id="sidebar"> + <h2>Contents</h2> + <ul class="nav nav-pills nav-stacked"> + <li><a href="#arguments">Arguments</a></li> + + <li><a href="#value">Value</a></li> + + <li><a href="#details">Details</a></li> + + <li><a href="#note">Note</a></li> + + <li><a href="#references">References</a></li> + + <li><a href="#examples">Examples</a></li> + </ul> + + <h2>Author</h2> + +Johannes Ranke + + </div> +</div> + + <footer> + <div class="copyright"> + <p>Developed by Johannes Ranke.</p> +</div> + +<div class="pkgdown"> + <p>Site built with <a href="http://hadley.github.io/pkgdown/">pkgdown</a>.</p> +</div> + + </footer> + </div> + + </body> +</html> |