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# Copyright (C) 2015 Johannes Ranke
# Contact: jranke@uni-bremen.de
# This file is part of the R package pfm
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
# Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
# version.
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more
# details.
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
# this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
#' Calculate predicted environmental concentrations in soil
#'
#' This is a basic, vectorised form of a simple calculation of a contaminant
#' concentration in bulk soil based on complete, instantaneous mixing.
#'
#' @param rate Application rate in units specified below
#' @param rate_units Defaults to g/ha
#' @param interception The fraction of the application rate that does not reach the soil
#' @param mixing_depth Mixing depth in cm
#' @param bulk_density Bulk density of the soil. Defaults to 1.5 kg/L, or 1500 kg/m3
#' @param PEC_units Requested units for the calculated PEC. Only mg/kg currently supported
#' @return The predicted concentration in soil
#' @export
#' @author Johannes Ranke
#' @examples
#' PEC_soil(100, interception = 0.25)
PEC_soil <- function(rate, rate_units = "g/ha", interception = 0,
mixing_depth = 5, bulk_density = 1.5,
PEC_units = "mg/kg")
{
rate_to_soil = (1 - interception) * rate
rate_units = match.arg(rate_units)
PEC_units = match.arg(PEC_units)
soil_volume = 100 * 100 * (mixing_depth/100) # in m3
soil_mass = soil_volume * bulk_density * 1000 # in kg
PEC_soil = rate_to_soil * 1000 / soil_mass # in mg/kg
return(PEC_soil)
}
PEC_soil_product <- function(product, rate, rate_units = "L/ha", interception = 0,
mixing_depth = 5, tillage_depth = 20,
interval = 365,
bulk_density = 1.5,
PEC_units = "mg/kg") {
rate_units = match.arg(rate_units)
PEC_units = match.arg(PEC_units)
if (product$density_units != "g/L") stop("Product density other than g/L not supported")
if (product$concentration_units != "g/L") {
stop("Active ingredient concentration units other than g/L not supported")
}
results <- data.frame(compound = character(0), initial = numeric(0),
plateau_max = numeric(0), plateau_min = numeric(0),
long_term_max = numeric(0),
stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
for (ai_name in names(product$ais)) {
ai <- product$ais[[ai_name]]
ai_rate <- rate * product$concentrations[ai_name]
ini <- PEC_soil(ai_rate,
interception = interception, mixing_depth = mixing_depth,
bulk_density = bulk_density)
results[ai_name, "compound"] <- ai$acronym
results[ai_name, "initial"] <- ini
ini_tillage <- ini * mixing_depth / tillage_depth
DT50 <- subset(ai$degradation_endpoints, destination == "PECsoil")$DT50
if (length(DT50) > 0) {
if (!is.na(DT50)) {
k <- log(2) / DT50
plateau_max <- ini_tillage / (1 - exp( - k * interval))
plateau_min <- plateau_max * exp( - k * interval)
long_term_max <- plateau_min + ini
results[ai_name, c("plateau_max", "plateau_min", "long_term_max")] <-
c(plateau_max, plateau_min, long_term_max)
}
}
for (TP_name in names(ai$TPs)) {
TP <- ai$TPs[[TP_name]]
max_occurrence = max(subset(ai$transformations,
grepl("soil", study_type) &
acronym == TP$acronym, max_occurrence))
TP_rate <- ai_rate * TP$mw / ai$mw * max_occurrence
ini <- PEC_soil(TP_rate, interception = interception, mixing_depth = mixing_depth,
bulk_density = bulk_density)
results[TP_name, "compound"] <- TP$acronym
results[TP_name, "initial"] <- ini
ini_tillage <- ini * mixing_depth / tillage_depth
DT50 <- subset(TP$degradation_endpoints, destination == "PECsoil")$DT50
if (length(DT50) > 0) {
if (!is.na(DT50)) {
k <- log(2) / DT50
plateau_max <- ini_tillage / (1 - exp( - k * interval))
plateau_min <- plateau_max * exp( - k * interval)
results[TP_name, c("plateau_max", "plateau_min")] <- c(plateau_max, plateau_min)
long_term_max <- plateau_min + ini
results[TP_name, c("plateau_max", "plateau_min", "long_term_max")] <-
c(plateau_max, plateau_min, long_term_max)
}
}
}
}
return(results)
}
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