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+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<!-- Generated by pkgdown: do not edit by hand --><html lang="en"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta charset="utf-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"><title>Perform a hierarchical model fit with multiple starting values — multistart • mkin</title><script src="../deps/jquery-3.6.0/jquery-3.6.0.min.js"></script><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"><link href="../deps/bootstrap-5.3.1/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"><script src="../deps/bootstrap-5.3.1/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script><link href="../deps/font-awesome-6.5.2/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"><link href="../deps/font-awesome-6.5.2/css/v4-shims.min.css" rel="stylesheet"><script src="../deps/headroom-0.11.0/headroom.min.js"></script><script src="../deps/headroom-0.11.0/jQuery.headroom.min.js"></script><script src="../deps/bootstrap-toc-1.0.1/bootstrap-toc.min.js"></script><script src="../deps/clipboard.js-2.0.11/clipboard.min.js"></script><script src="../deps/search-1.0.0/autocomplete.jquery.min.js"></script><script src="../deps/search-1.0.0/fuse.min.js"></script><script src="../deps/search-1.0.0/mark.min.js"></script><!-- pkgdown --><script src="../pkgdown.js"></script><meta property="og:title" content="Perform a hierarchical model fit with multiple starting values — multistart"><meta name="description" content="The purpose of this method is to check if a certain algorithm for fitting
+nonlinear hierarchical models (also known as nonlinear mixed-effects models)
+will reliably yield results that are sufficiently similar to each other, if
+started with a certain range of reasonable starting parameters. It is
+inspired by the article on practical identifiabiliy in the frame of nonlinear
+mixed-effects models by Duchesne et al (2021)."><meta property="og:description" content="The purpose of this method is to check if a certain algorithm for fitting
+nonlinear hierarchical models (also known as nonlinear mixed-effects models)
+will reliably yield results that are sufficiently similar to each other, if
+started with a certain range of reasonable starting parameters. It is
+inspired by the article on practical identifiabiliy in the frame of nonlinear
+mixed-effects models by Duchesne et al (2021)."><meta name="robots" content="noindex"></head><body>
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+    <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_parent.html">Testing hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a></li>
+    <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_dmta_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on dimethenamid and dimethenamid-P</a></li>
+    <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="../articles/prebuilt/2023_mesotrione_parent.html">Testing covariate modelling in hierarchical parent degradation kinetics with residue data on mesotrione</a></li>
+    <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="../articles/prebuilt/2022_cyan_pathway.html">Testing hierarchical pathway kinetics with residue data on cyantraniliprole</a></li>
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+
+      <h1>Perform a hierarchical model fit with multiple starting values</h1>
+      <small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/jranke/mkin/blob/HEAD/R/multistart.R" class="external-link"><code>R/multistart.R</code></a></small>
+      <div class="d-none name"><code>multistart.Rd</code></div>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="ref-description section level2">
+    <p>The purpose of this method is to check if a certain algorithm for fitting
+nonlinear hierarchical models (also known as nonlinear mixed-effects models)
+will reliably yield results that are sufficiently similar to each other, if
+started with a certain range of reasonable starting parameters. It is
+inspired by the article on practical identifiabiliy in the frame of nonlinear
+mixed-effects models by Duchesne et al (2021).</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="section level2">
+    <h2 id="ref-usage">Usage<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ref-usage"></a></h2>
+    <div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span><span class="fu">multistart</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
+<span>  <span class="va">object</span>,</span>
+<span>  n <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">50</span>,</span>
+<span>  cores <span class="op">=</span> <span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/Sys.info.html" class="external-link">Sys.info</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="st">"sysname"</span><span class="op">]</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="st">"Windows"</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="fl">1</span> <span class="kw">else</span> <span class="fu">parallel</span><span class="fu">::</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/parallel/detectCores.html" class="external-link">detectCores</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
+<span>  cluster <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">NULL</span>,</span>
+<span>  <span class="va">...</span></span>
+<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
+<span></span>
+<span><span class="co"># S3 method for class 'saem.mmkin'</span></span>
+<span><span class="fu">multistart</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">object</span>, n <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">50</span>, cores <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">1</span>, cluster <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">NULL</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
+<span></span>
+<span><span class="co"># S3 method for class 'multistart'</span></span>
+<span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/print.html" class="external-link">print</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
+<span></span>
+<span><span class="fu">best</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">object</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
+<span></span>
+<span><span class="co"># Default S3 method</span></span>
+<span><span class="fu">best</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">object</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
+<span></span>
+<span><span class="fu">which.best</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">object</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
+<span></span>
+<span><span class="co"># Default S3 method</span></span>
+<span><span class="fu">which.best</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">object</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="section level2">
+    <h2 id="arguments">Arguments<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arguments"></a></h2>
+
+
+<dl><dt id="arg-object">object<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arg-object"></a></dt>
+<dd><p>The fit object to work with</p></dd>
+
+
+<dt id="arg-n">n<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arg-n"></a></dt>
+<dd><p>How many different combinations of starting parameters should be
+used?</p></dd>
+
+
+<dt id="arg-cores">cores<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arg-cores"></a></dt>
+<dd><p>How many fits should be run in parallel (only on posix platforms)?</p></dd>
+
+
+<dt id="arg-cluster">cluster<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arg-cluster"></a></dt>
+<dd><p>A cluster as returned by <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/parallel/makeCluster.html" class="external-link">parallel::makeCluster</a> to be used
+for parallel execution.</p></dd>
+
+
+<dt id="arg--">...<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arg--"></a></dt>
+<dd><p>Passed to the update function.</p></dd>
+
+
+<dt id="arg-x">x<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arg-x"></a></dt>
+<dd><p>The multistart object to print</p></dd>
+
+</dl></div>
+    <div class="section level2">
+    <h2 id="value">Value<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#value"></a></h2>
+    <p>A list of <a href="saem.html">saem.mmkin</a> objects, with class attributes
+'multistart.saem.mmkin' and 'multistart'.</p>
+<p>The object with the highest likelihood</p>
+<p>The index of the object with the highest likelihood</p>
+    </div>
+    <div class="section level2">
+    <h2 id="references">References<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#references"></a></h2>
+    <p>Duchesne R, Guillemin A, Gandrillon O, Crauste F. Practical
+identifiability in the frame of nonlinear mixed effects models: the example
+of the in vitro erythropoiesis. BMC Bioinformatics. 2021 Oct 4;22(1):478.
+doi: 10.1186/s12859-021-04373-4.</p>
+    </div>
+    <div class="section level2">
+    <h2 id="see-also">See also<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#see-also"></a></h2>
+    <div class="dont-index"><p><a href="parplot.html">parplot</a>, <a href="llhist.html">llhist</a></p></div>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="section level2">
+    <h2 id="ref-examples">Examples<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ref-examples"></a></h2>
+    <div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># \dontrun{</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va"><a href="https://pkgdown.jrwb.de/mkin/">mkin</a></span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">dmta_ds</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/lapply.html" class="external-link">lapply</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">7</span>, <span class="kw">function</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">i</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="va">ds_i</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="va">dimethenamid_2018</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">ds</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="va">i</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">data</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="va">ds_i</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="va">ds_i</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">name</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="st">"DMTAP"</span>, <span class="st">"name"</span><span class="op">]</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span>  <span class="st">"DMTA"</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="va">ds_i</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">time</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="va">ds_i</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">time</span> <span class="op">*</span> <span class="va">dimethenamid_2018</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">f_time_norm</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="va">i</span><span class="op">]</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="va">ds_i</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">}</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/names.html" class="external-link">names</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">dmta_ds</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/lapply.html" class="external-link">sapply</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">dimethenamid_2018</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">ds</span>, <span class="kw">function</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">ds</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="va">ds</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">title</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">dmta_ds</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="st">"Elliot"</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/cbind.html" class="external-link">rbind</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">dmta_ds</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="st">"Elliot 1"</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span>, <span class="va">dmta_ds</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="st">"Elliot 2"</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">dmta_ds</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="st">"Elliot 1"</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="va">dmta_ds</span><span class="op">[[</span><span class="st">"Elliot 2"</span><span class="op">]</span><span class="op">]</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="cn">NULL</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">f_mmkin</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="mmkin.html">mmkin</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"DFOP"</span>, <span class="va">dmta_ds</span>, error_model <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"tc"</span>, cores <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">7</span>, quiet <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">f_saem_full</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="saem.html">saem</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_mmkin</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">f_saem_full_multi</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">multistart</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_full</span>, n <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">16</span>, cores <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">16</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="parplot.html">parplot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_full_multi</span>, lpos <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"topleft"</span>, las <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">2</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-plt img"><img src="multistart-1.png" alt="" width="700" height="433"></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="illparms.html">illparms</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_full</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "sd(log_k2)"</span>
+<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">f_saem_reduced</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/stats/update.html" class="external-link">update</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_full</span>, no_random_effect <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"log_k2"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="illparms.html">illparms</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_reduced</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># On Windows, we need to create a PSOCK cluster first and refer to it</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># in the call to multistart()</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">parallel</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">cl</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/parallel/makeCluster.html" class="external-link">makePSOCKcluster</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">12</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">f_saem_reduced_multi</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">multistart</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_reduced</span>, n <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">16</span>, cluster <span class="op">=</span> <span class="va">cl</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="parplot.html">parplot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">f_saem_reduced_multi</span>, lpos <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"topright"</span>, ylim <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">0.5</span>, <span class="fl">2</span><span class="op">)</span>, las <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">2</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-plt img"><img src="multistart-2.png" alt="" width="700" height="433"></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/parallel/makeCluster.html" class="external-link">stopCluster</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">cl</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
+<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># }</span></span></span>
+</code></pre></div>
+    </div>
+  </main><aside class="col-md-3"><nav id="toc" aria-label="Table of contents"><h2>On this page</h2>
+    </nav></aside></div>
+
+
+    <footer><div class="pkgdown-footer-left">
+  <p>Developed by Johannes Ranke.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="pkgdown-footer-right">
+  <p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a> 2.1.1.</p>
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+  </body></html>
+